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361.
362.
谢仕秀 《减速顶与调速技术》2009,(2):4-7
根据集宁站到发场的线路条件和现场作业现状,提出在站内到发线上安装TDJGST-202型高速锁闭止轮顶来解决车辆溜逸的办法,并通过计算分析,提供一个科学合理的停车顶安装方案。通过一年来的运用和实践,介绍了停车顶检修、养护方面的经验和方法,为停车顶的进一步推广应用发挥着重要的作用。 相似文献
363.
根据高速公路改扩建施工区的交通特性及驾驶人的反应特征,将施工作业区划分为7个分段,构建驾驶人视认模型,并对各个分段安全设施进行设置,可保障高速公路施工作业区的安全与通畅,这已被郑洛高速公路所证实。 相似文献
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366.
只有较少的交通事故数据资源被用于建立基于碰撞速度信息的乘员损伤模型,致使所得到的模型精度差。为此,提出了基于车辆变形深度的乘员损伤模型。对美国不同制造年代和车辆级别的事故数据进行聚类分析,论证出车辆变形深度与乘员损伤风险具有相关性。以车辆变形深度为自变量,通过回归分析得到乘员损伤模型。不同种类车辆的乘员损伤模型拟合精度R2约为0.9,证明了该模型的正确性。为进一步验证,以此模型为基础,评价智能驾驶系统的有效性。以自动紧急制动系统为例,对比基于变形深度和速度变化量信息2种方法的有效性计算结果。结果表明:2组结果的平均误差不超过1%,验证了基于变形深度的乘员损伤模型的准确性。该模型仅需要事故数据库中准确的变形深度信息,能够获得更多的事故数据支持,从而可以更好地适应于不同类别智能驾驶系统的评价需求。 相似文献
367.
介绍了道路交通安全环境的涵义,分析了道路交通安全环境中的软环境和硬环境,提出了改善我国道路交通安全环境的相关措施。 相似文献
368.
Traffic movement conflict points at intersections are the points at which traffic movements intersect (including crossing, merging, and diverging). Numbers and distribution of different types of conflict points are used to evaluate intersection access management designs and safety performance. Traditionally, the determination of the numbers of conflict points for different traffic movements is based on manual methods, which causes the difficulty for computerized procedures to evaluate safety performance of different access management designs. Sometimes, a programmable calculation procedure may provide more effective solutions as compared with manual methods. This paper presents a programmable calculation procedure for the determination of the numbers of conflict points, which could be used as a basis for a computerized procedure. Concepts of virtual movement lanes and intersection quadrants are introduced to specify types of intersections, traffic lane configurations, and traffic movement regulations. Calculation models, based on such concepts, for traffic movement conflict points at signalized and unsignalized intersections can be obtained. In support of the procedure, case studies are presented in the paper. The procedure presented in the paper can be programmed into a computer program for the purpose of a computerized evaluation of intersection safety and design performance of different access management or control approaches. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
369.
《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(8):967-981
Tram vehicles mainly operate on street tracks where sometimes misguidance in switches occurs due to unfavourable conditions. Generally, in this situation, the first running gear of the vehicle follows the bend track while the next running gears continue straight ahead. This leads to a constraint that can only be solved if the vehicle's articulation is damaged or the wheel derails. The last-mentioned situation is less critical in terms of safety and costs. Five different tram types, one of them high floor, the rest low floor, were examined analytically. Numerical simulation was used to determine which wheel would be the first to derail and what level of force is needed in the articulation area between two carbodies to make a tram derail. It was shown that with pure analytical simulation, only an idea of which tram type behaves better or worse in such a situation can be gained, while a three-dimensional computational simulation gives more realistic values for the forces that arise. Three of the four low-floor tram types need much higher articulation forces to make a wheel derail in a switch misguidance situation. One particular three-car type with two single-axle running gears underneath the centre car must be designed to withstand nearly three times higher articulation forces than a conventional high-floor articulated tram. Tram designers must be aware of that and should design the carbody accordingly. 相似文献
370.
《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(5):704-732
A fault classification method is proposed which has been applied to an electric vehicle. Potential faults in the different subsystems that can affect the vehicle directional stability were collected in a failure mode and effect analysis. Similar driveline faults were grouped together if they resembled each other with respect to their influence on the vehicle dynamic behaviour. The faults were physically modelled in a simulation environment before they were induced in a detailed vehicle model under normal driving conditions. A special focus was placed on faults in the driveline of electric vehicles employing in-wheel motors of the permanent magnet type. Several failures caused by mechanical and other faults were analysed as well. The fault classification method consists of a controllability ranking developed according to the functional safety standard ISO 26262. The controllability of a fault was determined with three parameters covering the influence of the longitudinal, lateral and yaw motion of the vehicle. The simulation results were analysed and the faults were classified according to their controllability using the proposed method. It was shown that the controllability decreased specifically with increasing lateral acceleration and increasing speed. The results for the electric driveline faults show that this trend cannot be generalised for all the faults, as the controllability deteriorated for some faults during manoeuvres with low lateral acceleration and low speed. The proposed method is generic and can be applied to various other types of road vehicles and faults. 相似文献