对编制《地铁设计规范》运营组织部分的思考

阐明运营管理部分在规范中的意义及其编制内容的确定,从如何理解运营概念、确定运营和建设规模以及运营模式的规定、运行交路的设定、辅助配线的设定等方面,阐述对编制重点内容的思考和解读.最后得出结论:结合国内外的工程设计实践和目前各城市运营管理经验,改变原有的设计模式和思路,加强相关科技和理论研究,改善和优化专业结构和技术手段...     

车道分隔方式对驾驶换道行为的影响

为探索不同车道分隔方式对驾驶换道行为的影响，在分析机动车驾驶换道决策机理与换道决策属性的基础上，改进双车道元胞自动机(STCA)的换道规则模型，提出了基于层次分析法(AHP)的多属性换道决策模型.在同向 3车道上设置不同车道分隔方式，运行模型以获得每种分隔方式在不同空间占有率情况下的换道动机概率、换道成功概率分布规律.分析发现：平均换道动机概率直接与交通流内部状态属性有关，平均换道成功概率则由交通流内部状态属性与车道隔离方式共同决定；通过对不同分隔方式下的换道规律分析，表明模型能较好诠释不同车道分隔方式的交通管理法规涵义.该换道决策模型构造方法上具有同时处理多个外部决策属性的能力，具有较强的通用性.     

Forecasting electricity demand of electric vehicles by analyzing consumers’ charging patterns

The spread of electric vehicles (EVs) and their increasing demand for electricity has placed a greater burden on electricity generation and the power grid. In particular, the problem of whether to expand the electricity power stations and distribution facilities due to the construction of EV charging stations is emerging as an immediate issue. To effectively meet the demand for additional electricity while ensuring the stability of the power grid, there is a need to accurately predict the charging demands for EVs. Therefore, this study estimates the changes in electricity charging demand based on consumer preferences for EVs, charging time of day, and types of electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) and elucidates the matters to be considered for constructing EV infrastructure. The results show that consumers mainly preferred charging during the evening. However, when we considered different types of EVSEs (public and private) in the analysis, people preferred to charge at public EVSEs during the day. During peak load time, people tended to prefer charging using fast public EVSEs, which shows that consumers considered the tradeoffs between the full charge time and the price for charging. Based on these findings, this study provides key political implications for policy makers to consider in taking preemptive measures to adjust the electricity supply infrastructure.     

Spatial-temporal traffic flow pattern identification and anomaly detection with dictionary-based compression theory in a large-scale urban network

Traffic flow pattern identification, as well as anomaly detection, is an important component for traffic operations and control. To reveal the characteristics of regional traffic flow patterns in large road networks, this paper employs dictionary-based compression theory to identify the features of both spatial and temporal patterns by analyzing the multi-dimensional traffic-related data. An anomaly index is derived to quantify the network traffic in both spatial and temporal perspectives. Both pattern identifications are conducted in three different geographic levels: detector, intersection, and sub-region. From different geographic levels, this study finds several important features of traffic flow patterns, including the geographic distribution of traffic flow patterns, pattern shifts at different times-of-day, pattern fluctuations over different days, etc. Both spatial and temporal traffic flow patterns defined in this study can jointly characterize pattern changes and provide a good performance measure of traffic operations and management. The proposed method is further implemented in a case study for the impact of a newly constructed subway line. The before-and-after study identifies the major changes of surrounding road traffic near the subway stations. It is found that new metro stations attract more commute traffic in weekdays as well as entertaining traffic during weekends.     

Train scheduling for minimizing passenger waiting time with time-dependent demand and skip-stop patterns: Nonlinear integer programming models with linear constraints

This paper focuses on how to minimize the total passenger waiting time at stations by computing and adjusting train timetables for a rail corridor with given time-varying origin-to-destination passenger demand matrices. Given predetermined train skip-stop patterns, a unified quadratic integer programming model with linear constraints is developed to jointly synchronize effective passenger loading time windows and train arrival and departure times at each station. A set of quadratic and quasi-quadratic objective functions are proposed to precisely formulate the total waiting time under both minute-dependent demand and hour-dependent demand volumes from different origin–destination pairs. We construct mathematically rigorous and algorithmically tractable nonlinear mixed integer programming models for both real-time scheduling and medium-term planning applications. The proposed models are implemented using general purpose high-level optimization solvers, and the model effectiveness is further examined through numerical experiments of real-world rail train timetabling test cases.     

基于模糊模式诊断柴油机燃油系统故障

利用夹持式传感器检测高压油管外壁弹性变形,通过对高压油管油压波形进行分析比较,提取反映故障状态的特征向量,利用模糊模式识别技术诊断燃油系统的典型故障。     

京新高速公路韩集段金盆湾隧道施工组织设计

金盆湾隧道是京新高速公路重要的控制性工程,文章详细阐述了该隧道的施工组织设计方案,为内蒙古自治区长大隧道的施工组织设计提供一些参考。     

关于铁路共用性财产权利组织模式的探讨

铁路是典型的网络型基础产业,它的网络性主要体现在共用性财产权利配置方面,车站枢纽以及调度指挥等都是共用性财产权利,多家铁路运输企业都不可避免地要共同使用它们。共用性财产权利由多家铁路运输企业共同使用,不仅能有效发挥大型铁路运输设备的规模经济和范围经济作用,而且还能够创造出更多的“组织租金”,即共用性财产权利不仅节约了运输设备的重复投资建设,而且还能够通过提高共用性财产权利使用的频率和强度来达到更大收益的目标。铁路共用性财产权利的有效配置,在很大程度上有赖于良好组织模式的构建。组织模式表现在组织主体、组织边界和业务组织等三个方面,良好的共用性财产权利组织模式是解决共用性问题的根本和关键。     

苏州河下游防汛墙加固工程施工期交通组织和堆场布置方案

苏州河三期整治工程防汛墙加固工程在实施过程中,重点需要解决沿线的交通组织和疏导问题。该文通过设计阶段利用工程自身特点和工程所在地的交通条件,对提出的交通组织和施工堆场的布置方案进行了总结。     

城市轨道交通运输组织节能因素及方案研究

在城市轨道交通的运营阶段，不同的运输组织方案对列车牵引能耗有着重要影响。文章通过案例设计与模拟计算，分别就列车运行速度、停站时间和满载率等因素对于列车牵引能耗的影响进行分析，并在此基础上研究相应的节能方案。