厦门港刘五店港区岸线规划试验研究

厦门港刘五店港区将发展为对台＂三通＂的重要口岸。文中通过物理模型试验,研究了不同岸线方案条件下港区附近水流条件和泥沙回淤强度。试验结果表明,刘五店港区建设对同安湾影响较小,其规划方案是可行的。可为刘五店港区岸线规划布置提供科学依据。     

斜坡式护岸护面块体优化设计

结合物理模型试验,对某工程区域的斜坡式护岸护面块体的结构形式进行优化设计,并对护面块体的稳定性进行分析研究.优化方案实施后,使用安全,并获得良好的经济效益和社会效益.     

The socio-cognitive links between road pricing acceptability and changes in travel-behavior

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of road pricing on people’s tendency to adapt their current travel behavior. To this end, the relationship between changes in activity-travel behavior on the one hand and public acceptability and its most important determinants on the other are investigated by means of a stated adaptation experiment. Using a two-stage hierarchical model, it was found that behavioral changes themselves are not dependent on the perceived acceptability of road pricing itself, and that only a small amount of the variability in the behavioral changes were explained by socio-cognitive factors. The lesson for policy makers is that road pricing charges must surpass a minimum threshold in order to entice changes in activity-travel behavior and that the benefits of road pricing should be clearly communicated, taking into account the needs and abilities of different types of travelers. Secondly, earlier findings concerning the acceptability of push measures were validated, supporting transferability of results. In line with other studies, effectiveness, fairness and personal norm all had a significant direct impact on perceived acceptability. Finally, the relevance of using latent factors rather than aggregate indicators was underlined.     

近自由面三维水翼的水动力分析及试验研究

采用面元法对近自由面三维水翼进行势流数值分析并进行了相关试验研究。在数值计算中,将Rankine源和偶极子置于边界面上,用时间步进法模拟水翼的势流场和自由表面波形。在自由面采用非线性自由面边界条件,在尾涡面上采用偶极子布置以满足Kutta条件。文中给出了数值计算模型的参数,对于不同浸深、不同航速和不同攻角下的水翼,计算了水翼表面上的压力分布,水翼的阻力和升力及自由表面波形。数值计算结果与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明,文中方法可用于水翼优化设计、近自由面振动翼运动及水翼船兴波等问题的研究。     

人工气泡船水动力性能试验研究

文章通过试验途径研究了人工大气泡船的水动力性能,试验包括气泡船流量测试试验、气泡船通气对比试验、气泡船与其原型船静水及波浪中对比试验。结果表明,气泡船充气后阻力能大大下降;对于气泡船有一最经济的充气流量;气泡船在静水及波浪中的综合性能均优于常规船型,特别是阻力下降很多。根据试验结果还分析了气泡降阻的原理:具有一定压力的气泡腔,除了减小船底的摩擦阻力之外,还支撑了艇的一部分重量,减小了艇体的吃水,从而阻力也相应地减少。     

固镇复线船闸水工模型试验研究

固镇复线船闸上游引航道受京沪铁路浍河大桥的制约,引航道口门区及连接段的中心线与河流主流流向之间的夹角较大,产生的横流、回流等对上游航道航行安全不利。试验揭示了引航道口门区横流流速及其变化规律,测定天然状态及设计状态下上、下游引航道口门的流态;对船闸口门区及引航道布置进行论证,对引航道口门角度、导堤、切滩等工程提出优化方案,以满足规范要求的口门流速标准。     

地铁车辆轴箱轴承统型化研究

文章针对国内地铁车辆轴箱轴承的总体运用情况,结合轴箱轴承结构特点,对地铁车辆统型轴承进行了选择,并介绍了统型的130 mm(内径)×230 mm(外径)×150 mm(宽)紧凑型圆锥滚子轴承的运用优势。该统型轴承经过了充分的理论计算、试验验证和线路运用,已广泛应用于国内A、B型地铁车辆及国外动车组,速度等级涵盖80 km/h至160 km/h,轴重涵盖了14 t至19 t。     

波浪作用下月池开口对钻井船水动力的影响

结合模型试验与频域数值计算结果,分析月池对船体水动力性能的影响,并对模型试验与数值计算的RAO、月池敞开和封闭的RAO、运动统计结果和附加质量系数进行对比。分析结果显示:月池开口会增大横摇和垂荡运动幅值,并且减小船体的横摇固有周期;当外部激励使月池发生共振时,月池内流体产生的附加质量会发生剧烈变化。因此,月池开口对船体水动力性能会产生一定负面影响,作业时,应当避免发生共振现象。     

无资料旧桥重型交通车辆安全评估检测研究

某待安全评估桥梁是一座无法找到设计及检测资料的4跨简支T梁桥,由于工程建设的需要,在工程实施期间作为交通疏解要道,该桥计划需要通行包括泥头车、平板车等在内的重型交通车辆。为保障施工期间桥梁使用安全性能并获取承载能力数据,以该无资料旧桥通行重型车辆安全评估检测为背景,首先从理论上计算判断通行的可行性,然后通过试验对理论计算的通行能力进行论证,最终得到了安全评估结果。文中采用的安全评估方法可为类似项目提供有益参考。     

The influence of attitude towards individuals’ choice for a remotely piloted commercial flight: A latent class logit approach

The Remotely Piloted Commercial Passenger Aircraft Attitude Scale (RPCPAAS) was created to measure positive and negative attitudes towards a new and plausible form of air travel. This information was then used, in combination with a latent class logit model built on data generated from a stated choice experiment to gain insight into the choice behaviour between conventionally piloted aircraft (CPA) with a pilot on-board and remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) with a pilot on the ground. The results revealed that individuals, on-average, if presented a choice between a CPA and a RPA of equivalent attributes, would elect for the CPA option. However, there is variability in the passengers’ sensitivity to various flight attributes, and these sensitivities were influenced by individuals’ attitude towards the new technology (i.e., RPA). From an operational perspective, and assuming that one day passengers of commercial airlines are offered the choice between CPA and RPA, the strategies employed by airlines to encourage the use of the new technology need to be different, based on individuals’ attitude towards RPA.