乳化沥青冷再生混合料高温稳定性研究

采用50℃车辙试验,分析了温度、基质沥青针入度大小、乳化沥青用量、水泥掺量、含水率和养生时间对乳化沥青冷再生混合料高温稳定性的影响.结果表明:乳化沥青冷再生混合料在后期强度形成后具有较好的高温稳定性,且混合料高温稳定性受温度的影响没有热拌沥青混合料敏感;采用低标号沥青或增加水泥用量均能提高冷再生混合料的高温稳定性,但二者的变化对冷再生混合料高温稳定性影响不大;随着养生时间增加乳化沥青冷再生混合料的抗变形能力增强且早期含水率变化对抗变形能力影响显著,而后期含水率变化对高温稳定性影响不大.     

客运专线现浇梁施工场地地基处理技术

针对客运专线现浇梁桥施工场地地基处理中存在的问题,结合京石客运专线跨S30省道现浇梁工程,对客运专线高速铁路现浇梁施工场地地基处理技术进行研究,形成一套高效实用的场地地基处理施工技术方案,以指导客运专线现浇梁场地地基处理施工。     

TBM盘形滚刀磨损与滚刀滑动距离关系研究

盘形滚刀磨损是制约TBM掘进效率和施工成本的重要因素。为研究滚刀滑动对滚刀磨损的影响,提出了"一次侵入位移"的概念,应用质点的运动合成原理推导出了考虑滚刀刀刃宽度影响的一次侵入位移及滚刀滑动距离的计算公式,研究一次侵入位移的影响因素以及滚刀磨损与滑动距离的关系,基于上述研究分析秦岭隧道TB880E型TBM滚刀滑动磨损系数分布规律。研究表明:1)滚刀破岩过程中,刀刃相对开挖面岩石除滚动外,还产生相对滑动;2)中心区域滚刀侧向位移分量最大,滚刀磨损以剪切破岩和滑动磨损为主,中心区域以外滚刀沿掘进方向位移分量最大,滚刀磨损以碾压破岩和滚动磨损为主;3)应进一步综合考虑滚刀破岩量、滑动距离以及二次磨损等因素对滚刀磨损的影响。     

Developing travel time estimation methods using sparse GPS data

Existing methods of estimating travel time from GPS data are not able to simultaneously take account of the issues related to uncertainties associated with GPS and spatial road network data. Moreover, they typically depend upon high-frequency data sources from specialist data providers, which can be expensive and are not always readily available. The study reported here therefore sought to better estimate travel time using “readily available” vehicle trajectory data from moving sensors such as buses, taxis, and logistical vehicles equipped with GPS in “near” real time. To do this, accurate locations of vehicles on a link were first map-matched to reduce the positioning errors associated with GPS and digital road maps. Two mathematical methods were then developed to estimate link travel times from map-matched GPS fixes, vehicle speeds, and network connectivity information with a special focus on sampling frequencies, vehicle penetration rates, and time window lengths. Global positioning system (GPS) data from Interstate I-880 (California) for a total of 73 vehicles over 6 h were obtained from the University of California Berkeley's Mobile Century Project, and these were used to evaluate several travel time estimation methods, the results of which were then validated against reference travel time data collected from high resolution video cameras. The results indicate that vehicle penetration rates, data sampling frequencies, vehicle coverage on the links, and time window lengths all influence the accuracy of link travel time estimation. The performance was found to be best in the 5-min time window length and for a GPS sampling frequency of 60 s.     

海利动力打桩公式参数取值试验研究

以深圳港盐田港区西作业区集装箱码头为依托,采用动测试验方法,研究了土体恢复系数(K值)及海利公式中锤击能量的有效传递系数(n值)和桩土体系总的弹性变形(C值)的取值,得到求解1 200 mm和1 000 mm桩基极限承载力的更便捷、准确的计算方法,并利用海利公式确定终锤贯入度e值,为打桩停锤提供控制标准。     

天津港易堵管黏土物理力学指标及应用

基于天津港地区大量的易堵管黏土标准贯入试验和室内土工试验资料,应用数理统计方法,对易堵管黏土标准贯入击数与物理力学指标间的相关关系进行研究分析。结果表明:经验公式的回归系数均在0.8以上,具有较高的可靠性。研究结果经过可靠性分析验证后,为易堵管黏土通过原位测试指标来计算黏土的物理力学指标提供了可行的方法,该方法节约疏浚工程勘察费用,给类似的疏浚工程以借鉴,具有较高的实际应用价值。     

Solving conformal contacts using multi-Hertzian techniques

Recently, publications aiming at wheel–rail contact surveys let readers think that multi-Hertzian methods present severe drawbacks with respect to ‘virtual penetration’ methods. These surveys criticise multi-Hertzian solutions mainly because presenting ‘larger contacts overlaps’ and ‘frequent secondary contacts near the border of the first contact’, both obvious geometric possibilities of which the practical occurrence and eventual inconvenience would remain purely theoretical unless established over definite methods demonstrating poor practical results. Recent surveys all quote Piotrowski–Chollet 2005 survey of wheel–rail contact models that attempted to illustrate defective multi-Hertzian techniques by concentrating on the method initiated by Sauvage in the 1990s and further developed by Pascal. The 2005 paper not only gives no evidence of practical inconveniences of Sauvage’s method but also confuses static geometric contact overlaps with the dynamical overlapping of forces. In reality it mixes Sauvage method up with a quite different technique. Thus a clarification is now necessary by reminding what the proper Sauvage technique really is and by showing some of its practical successful applications. The present paper, focusing on determination of normal contact forces in conformal situations, intends to explain clearly the advantages of the unequivocal localisation of secondary ellipses in that multi-Hertzian method which has been developed in INRETS VOCO codes in the 1990s and successfully used by SNCF and ALSTOM in the INRETS-SNCF code, VOCODYM, and later in Pascal’s online calculation of railway elastic contacts code. It proved its effectiveness for studying freight wagons derailments as well as rail wear and head-check, unrounded wheels wear, high-speed lines’ deformations or TGV comfort. While simulating American ACELA trainsets’ behaviour on the US North-East Corridor tracks, prior to actual tests, as part of the commercial contract. It has been also a major tool for bringing back together French and American Safety Standards.     

基于CFD模拟的钢管桁主梁气动特性研究

基于计算流体力学方法,以深圳市拟建山谷沟壑处景观桥为研究对象,建立三维仿真节段模型进行气动性能研究。首先研究节段桁架模型在对称边界条件下的合理性,得出可以利用节段模型来代替三维整桥进行数值模拟。然后通过比较三维整桥模拟与国内现行规范中桁架桥气动参数选取方法,做出检验并提出改进建议。以桁架桥结构截面的外轮廓和实面积比作为控制条件建立二维等效模型,采用4种二维圆管桁主梁CFD计算简化模型,并计算了在-5°、-3°、0°、3°、5°攻角情况下的桁架桥梁静力三分力系数。同时基于非定常时程曲线,对4种二维等效模型附近的空间流场结构、涡振性能差异进行了对比。     

关于自升式海洋平台插桩特性的分析研究

采用通用程序语言VBA,结合工程技术人员对相关规范和理论的理解和实际工程经验,开发出适用于自升式平台桩靴插桩计算分析的程序,实现计算的相对标准化,针对300ft、400ft自升式海洋平台桁架式桩腿结构形式在中国南通海域插桩特性分析研究,阐述了同类海洋平台的插桩深度预测分析过程及方法,该方法和思路的应用对海洋平台的结构安全评估有重要意义。     

集料特性对沥青混合料抗剪性能的影响研究

从集料特性入手,通过单轴贯入试验和三轴压缩试验,研究分析不同集料类型和特性对AC-13沥青混合料抗剪性能的影响规律。研究表明,玄武岩沥青混合料的抗剪性能优于石灰岩,同时,减小集料的针片状颗粒含量、压碎值、磨耗值,提高其棱角性,能够增大沥青混合料的粘聚力和内磨擦角,从而提高沥青混合料的抗剪性能。