Magneto-rheological suspensions for improving ground vehicle’s ride comfort,stability, and handling

ABSTRACT

A state-of-the-art discussion on the applications of magneto-rheological (MR) suspensions for improving ride comfort, handling, and stability in ground vehicles is discussed for both road and rail applications. A historical perspective on the discovery and engineering development of MR fluids is presented, followed by some of the common methods for modelling their non-Newtonian behaviour. The common modes of the MR fluids are discussed, along with the application of the fluid in valve mode for ground vehicles’ dampers (or shock absorbers). The applications span across nearly all road vehicles, including automobiles, trains, semi-trucks, motorcycles, and even bicycles. For each type of vehicle, the results of some of the past studies is presented briefly, with reference to the originating study. It is discussed that Past experimental and modelling studies have indicated that MR suspensions provide clear advantages for ground vehicles that far surpasses the performance of passive suspension. For rail vehicles, the primary advantage is in terms of increasing the speed at which the onset of hunting occurs, whereas for road vehicles – mainly automobiles – the performance improvements are in terms of a better balance between vehicle ride, handling, and stability. To further elaborate on this point, a single-suspension model is used to develop an index-based approach for studying the compromise that is offered by vehicle suspensions, using the H₂ optimisation approach. Evaluating three indices based on the sprung-mass acceleration, suspension rattlespace, and tyre deflection, it is clearly demonstrated that MR suspensions significantly improve road vehicle’s ride comfort, stability, and handling in comparison with passive suspensions. For rail vehicles, the simulation results indicate that using MR suspensions with an on-off switching control can increase the speed at which the on-set of hunting occurs by as much as 50% to more than 300%.     

A study on the stability of a motorcycle wheel–swingarm suspension with chain transmission

The present study describes a possible driving mechanism for a self-excited oscillation observed in motorcycle dynamics, often referred to as chatter. This phenomenon, affecting the performance of road racing motorcycles, has been simulated in straight running braking manoeuvres with multibody motorcycle models. It involves rear suspension bounce and driveline oscillation in the frequency range between 17 and 22?Hz. A simplified model of a motorcycle rear suspension with chain transmission is proposed and its stability in equilibrium configurations is studied via eigenvalue analysis. The sensitivity with respect to all its governing parameters is analysed by means of stability maps and the self-excitation mechanism is explained with the aid of energy balance analysis and phase diagrams. It is found that the key role for the instability onset is played by the gradient of the nonlinear characteristic slip function of the tyre.     

Simulation and analysis of vehicle stability based on ADAMS/CAR differential brake

To improve the braking safety of automobiles, the author studied the effect of differential brake on the stabilities. To analyze the mechanical characteristics of differential brake, automotive subsystem models were built by applying ADAMS/CAR, and automotive mechanics simulation model was built by setting the main subsystems such as body, engine and brake. The simulation model studied the distribution mode of three kinds of differential brake, and beeline braking stability and turning braking stability were simulated. It shows that differential brake can amend turning shortage of automobile brake and improve its braking stability, but the effect of automobile mass on its braking stability is great. So the distribution mode of braking force and the effect of mass change should be considered while differential brake is applied.     

高等职业院校教学资源管理平台搭建初探

本文以高等职业教育教学资源管理平台开发为研究对象,在分析国内外教学资源平台发展状况的基础上,以辽宁省交通高等专科学校教学资源管理平台开发为依据,系统阐述了高等职业院校教学资源管理平台顶层设计内容、1+1+N平台运行模式、五层次用户管理模式、九模块自主添加功能、不公开信息处理功能等内容,对教学资源管理平台的主要功能进行了简明介绍,为高等职业院校教学资源管理平台开发与优化提供了很好的借鉴。     

沥青玛蹄脂混合料的高温性能影响因素分析

沥青玛蹄脂混合料作为良好的钢桥面铺装层材料,其高温性能一直是关注的焦点,本文基于室内车辙试验研究了其高温性能影响因素,重点分析了荷载和温度、拌合时间及加铺SMA对沥青玛蹄脂混合料的高温性能指标动稳定度的影响规律,为今后玛蹄脂混合料的路用实践提供了借鉴.     

基于Android系统的列车移动信息服务平台设计与订餐系统的实现

我国铁路经过6次大提速后,硬件设施水平得到了大幅提升,但与之配套的旅客信息服务体系却相对滞后。目前绝大多数铁路列车上的媒体终端是单向播发系统,研发适合铁路列车的车载移动信息服务平台已迫在眉睫。本文针对铁路旅客信息服务需求,运用系统分析法和功能分析法研发设计了集管理、服务、监控、娱乐四大功能于一体的列车车载移动信息服务平台,该平台的应用功能主要包括列车点餐、视频点播、音乐点播、电子书、新闻发布、广告发布、列车时刻表、整晚点信息发布、游戏、监控等。在车载信息服务平台的基础上,选择平台应用案例中点餐功能进行研究和开发,运用个案研究法实现了基于Android的列车订餐系统。     

船舶电力系统暂态稳定性的混合分析法

针对大型船舶电力系统的特点及其日益突出的暂态稳定性问题,开展了适用于船舶电力系统的方法研究。结合船舶电网拓扑结构自身特点,建立了适用于大扰动下暂态稳定分析的船舶柴油发电机组的动态等值模型、推进电机及其螺旋桨四象限工作特性等值模型。以船舶电网轴线为界,将系统等效成两机模型进行时域仿真分析,在此基础上建立系统能量函数,提出了一种适用于船舶电力系统的暂态稳定性混合分析法。该方法即可定量描述系统暂态稳定性及其稳定裕度,又可直观地在线监测系统各状态变量的动态过程。最后通过仿真算例验证了新方法的正确性和有效性。     

三轴船舶电动摇摆模拟试验台研究

针对船舶摇摆模拟试验台系统在科学研究和船载仪器可靠性试验中的应用,设计了一种多功能三轴船舶电动摇摆试验台随动控制系统。首先对摇摆试验台进行控制建模,确定电流、速度、位置三闭环控制方案,然后采用常规PID算法设计三环控制器参数,对位置环用模糊自适应PID控制器进行优化设计。提出以变周期、变幅度和组合曲线给定的摇摆方法模拟风、浪、流干扰,对系统进行仿真研究。仿真试验结果表明,设计的系统具有响应迅速、模拟准确、可靠等特点,能够较好的模拟实际海况中船舶摇摆运动,为搭建实际试验平台奠定了基础。     

浮摆式波浪发电平台系泊系统设计

针对一台自行设计的浮摆式波浪发电平台的运动特点与采能方式,对其系泊系统进行设计。系泊型式为"平台—连接缆—浮筒—锚链—锚"的悬链线单点浮筒系泊。以试验海域海况参数为依据,计算系统载荷,并采用准静力分析法对系泊系统各构件进行选型设计。设计的连接缆为钢丝绳,浮筒为圆柱型钢制浮筒,锚链为二级有档锚链,作业锚为AC-14锚。经检验,设计的系统符合安全要求和平台稳定性需求。     

基于大型打桩船桩架的三维力学特性分析

应用国际广泛使用的大型通用结构有限元分析程序ALGOR对110m大型打桩船桩架进行了三维力学分析,该装备是国内最高并在海上施工的桩架,因此对各工况进行了详细的分析研究,并给出了合理的设计建议。对从事该领域设计施工者有一定指导作用。