汽车排放污染及净化对策研究

阐述汽车排放污染物的成分及其危害,介绍新排放法规Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型试验限值,重点分析汽车的5项排放影响因素及其净化措施。     

路基压实质量的影响因素分析

针对公路路基压实质量在公路施工中的重要性,结合已有的工程施工情况,总结出在路基压实中应注意的问题,并从筑路材料、压实设备、压实工艺等方面进行了分析和讨论。     

2020全球限硫令对海员权益的影响

2020全球限硫令的推出,对各方均造成了极大的影响。为确保海员权益不受损害,文章结合国内外资料以及对部分海员的访谈,在国内首次系统分析了2020全球限硫令的实施对海员在人身安全、职业健康、工作休息、工资报酬、责任追究等五方面影响;并首次从船东和主管机关的角度分别提出了履行2020全球限硫令时保护海员权益的建议,即船东要加强培训、确保船舶配员、关注海员职业健康和工资报酬,船旗国和港口国主管机关要加强海员权益保护检查、确保提供合格燃料油以及给予海员足够的宽容和理解等。     

Critical success factors of supply chain integration in container shipping: an application of resource-based view theory

ABSTRACT

The container shipping industry is receiving growing attention in driving the performance of global supply chains. This phenomenon has accelerated supply chain integration (SCI) within the industry. Although SCI could offer numerous benefits, it is often quoted to be implemented easier in theory than in practice. The high failure rate that is associated with SCI is often not addressed in the literature. Grounded on resource-based view (RBV) theory, this paper is aimed at identifying the critical success factors (CSFs) and examining their influence on SCI and supply chain performance (SCP). Survey questionnaires were administered on 164 container shipping firms. The constructs were validated empirically using confirmatory factor analysis and were subsequently analysed using structural equation modelling. The proposed CSFs in this study are found to be positively corelated with SCI, which, in turn, is positively correlated with SCP. This paper has contributed to both theory and practice by applying RBV theory to identify the key resources and capabilities that are necessary for SCI in the container shipping industry.     

Incorporating human-factors in car-following models: A review of recent developments and research needs

Over the past decades there has been a considerable development in the modeling of car-following (CF) behavior as a result of research undertaken by both traffic engineers and traffic psychologists. While traffic engineers seek to understand the behavior of a traffic stream, traffic psychologists seek to describe the human abilities and errors involved in the driving process. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these two research streams.It is necessary to consider human-factors in CF modeling for a more realistic representation of CF behavior in complex driving situations (for example, in traffic breakdowns, crash-prone situations, and adverse weather conditions) to improve traffic safety and to better understand widely-reported puzzling traffic flow phenomena, such as capacity drop, stop-and-go oscillations, and traffic hysteresis. While there are some excellent reviews of CF models available in the literature, none of these specifically focuses on the human factors in these models.This paper addresses this gap by reviewing the available literature with a specific focus on the latest advances in car-following models from both the engineering and human behavior points of view. In so doing, it analyses the benefits and limitations of various models and highlights future research needs in the area.     

Development and evaluation of a statistically reliable traffic counting program

This paper reviews the existing procedures to compute the seasonal factors, growth factors, and the number of automatic traffic recorder stations (ATRs) for developing a statistically reliable traffic counting program. The review is based on, (i) theoretical evaluation of the procedures, (ii) analysis of the results obtained from applying these procedures to extensive real life data, and (iii) experience of past researchers with these methods. The paper primarily deals with existing statistical procedures for determining seasonal factors, since it is believed that these factors play the most important role in estimating Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADTs) from short counts. The procedure of cluster analysis (which is most commonly used to determine seasonal factors) is critically reviewed. The shortcomings of this method motivated the development of a different statistical procedure, based on regression analysis, to determine seasonal factors. It is shown that this newly developed method gives better results than the cluster analysis techniques. Furthermore, separate sections are dedicated to a thorough analysis of determination of number of ATR stations and computation of growth factors.     

公路建设项目中降雨因子对土壤流失量的影响分析

降雨因子对水土流失量起着决定性的作用。通过在汉十高速公路上设置实验小区，用径流小区法进行了水土流失监测，并根据数理统计原理，对水土流失量及降雨量的数据进行分析，建立回归方程，研究了降雨因子与水土流失量之间的关系，并对其结果从溅蚀和径流冲刷两个方面进行了理论分析。     

二灰稳定低液限粉土底基层性能研究

结合子洲~靖边高速公路4个合同段低液限粉土的情况,分别采用试验和理论分析的方法,对该地区广泛存在的低液限粉土底基层稳定性能进行了系统研究。首先对低液限粉土稳定土进行了物理、力学性质试验,取得了基本的研究参数。然后通过分析当前常用的路面底基层稳定土方案,对该地区的低液限粉土提出了稳定加固方案,并分析了加固机理和影响因素。     

降低重型车用柴油机废气排放的技术措施

在维持重型车用柴油机良好的燃油经济性的同时，降低其氮氧化物（NOx）和微粒（PM）排放的关键，是燃烧过程的进一步优化。阐述了喷油系统的改进、燃烧室设计的优化、4气门低涡流和可变涡流结构的采用等技术措施的潜力，以及一些诸如排气再循环、喷水和掺烧清洁燃料等附加措施的效果     

多年冻土地区路基变形特征及影响因素

青藏公路沥青混凝土路面修建后,增大了路基下多年冻土的吸热量,导致了多年冻土融化。多年冻土融沉变形在冻土路基变形中占主导地位,其发生、发展与冻土温度及工程地质特性等有关。通过青藏公路唐南地区路基变形监测数据,分析了路基变形的特征及多年冻土融沉变形的影响因素。