钢轨电位分布模型及仿真

随着电力机车牵引电流不断增大,钢轨电位过高成为突出问题.本文通过建立直供方式下钢轨电位的分布参数模型,并用MATLAB进行仿真,得出了钢轨上电位和电流的分布情况.分析了主要参数对钢轨电位分布的影响;考虑机车本身的影响,引入了机车系数来修正钢轨电位峰值.最后给出了在通常情况下钢轨电位计算值和实际值的比较,验证了模型的正确性.     

细胞内记录动作电位测定蛙单根有髓神经纤维强度—时间关系

本文介绍了一种简单的细胞内记录蛙有髓神经纤维动作电位方法。将该方法用于测定神经纤维阈刺激的强度-时间关系,所得结果能够满足一般科研及教学工作的需要。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIONPOTENTIAL AND THEIR UNDERLYING OUTWARD CURRENTS IN MAMMALIAN TASTE RECEPTOR CELLS

ＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＡＣＴＩＯＮＰＯＴＥＮＴＩＡＬＡＮＤＴＨＥＩＲＵＮＤＥＲＬＹＩＮＧＯＵＴＷＡＲＤＣＵＲＲＥＮＴＳＩＮＭＡＭＭＡＬＩＡＮＴＡＳＴＥＲＥＣＥＰＴＯＲＣＥＬＬＳＣｈｅｎＹｕｓｈｅ；Ｘ．Ｓｕｎ，Ｍ．Ｓ．Ｈｅｒｎｅｓｓ（Ｉｎｄ...     

引起牛蛙背根电位的传入纤维类别分析

实验用牛蛙。以坐骨神经干复合动作电位作为监测传入纤维类别的指标,对引起牛蛙背根电位(DRP)的传入纤维类别进行了分析。着重讨论了C-DRP的性质。实验中发现,阈刺激时,背根即可记录到一慢的负波A-DRP。随刺激强度增加,A-DRP幅度增大,在20T达到其最大幅值。在70T刺激强度下,在A-DRP之后出现一长潜伏期的负波。该波在300T达最大值。用普鲁卡因阻滞及三角波选择性刺激的方法均证明,该波是Ⅳ类传入引起的C-DRP。实验结果表明:牛蛙坐骨神经各类传人纤维均能引起负的背根电位。即各类纤维均能在脊髓节段引起突触前抑制。     

引起牛蛙腹根电位的传入纤维类别分析

实验用牛蛙,以坐骨神经干复合动作电位作为监测纤维类别的指标,对引起牛蛙腹根电位(VRP)的传入纤维类别进行了分析。实验中可见,当刺激强度为0.054±0.003使时,随动作电位α波的出现,在腹根可记录到前人所报道的短潜伏期的VRP,即A类纤维引起的VRP(A—VRP)。当刺激强度增加到70T左右,在A—VRP之后出现一长潜伏期的VRP。该波与A—VRP的极性一致;在300T达最大幅度。用普鲁卡因阻滞、三角波刺激、远侧与近侧刺激对比的方法,证明了这一长潜伏期的VIIP是由C类传入诱发的,命名为C—VRP。实验结果证明:牛蛙坐骨神经的C类纤维也可诱发VRP。C—VRP似可作为一个“痛”反应指标。     

基于有势力系的振动机械设计节能原理

针对振动机械的节能问题,根据振动机械在起动阶段功率消耗最大和主要受有势力的特征,由质点系动能定理的微分形式证明得出当作用于振动机械上的有势力为平衡力系、平衡状态力系等条件时,维持振动机械正常工作运动所需输入的功率将会降低的基本原理。并且,以振动机械实例验证说明运用该原理确有良好的节能效果,为振动机械设计节能的研究奠定理论基础,对机械设计节能基本原理作以补充。     

钢电极检测土壤电位梯度的实验研究

文中研究用钢制电极测量土壤中杂散电流形成的电位梯度的可行性。设计了室内模拟装置：在水池内放置排列的钢电极和可控制干扰电场。实验研究干扰电场方向、强度和钢电极间距等对测量电位梯度的影响。此外，还验证了电位梯度计算公式，并讨论钢电极电位波动造成误差的影响。     

Relationship between condition and recruitment success of red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus) in the Balearic Sea (Northwestern Mediterranean)

This study evaluates the reproductive potential and condition of the red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus) population inhabiting the waters around the Balearic Islands (Northwestern Mediterranean Sea), between 1991 and 2004. Red shrimp is one of the most valuable exploited demersal fishery resources in the western Mediterranean. To assess the condition of this species, we use two indices based on weight and length data, one including the gonad weight and another excluding it. Different biological parameters of the population dynamics and reproductive biology, such as sex-ratio, maturity, gonadosomatic index and presence of the spermatophore in females have also been analysed. A negative relationship was found between the gonadosomatic index and the condition of red shrimp, indicating that energy reserves are transferred from the body to the gonad during the reproductive period. The condition of adults reached minimum values during the maturation and spawning period after mating, when the gonadosomatic index, the spermatophore presence in females and the proportion of females in the population were highest. The relationship between the condition of adults during the months prior to spawning and the number of recruits in the following year was significant and positive. This relationship was stronger when only male condition was considered, suggesting that males have an important role on the reproductive potential of this species. Overall, our results suggest that condition of red shrimp, particularly males, is an important aspect for the reproductive and recruitment success of this species. The observed decreasing trend in male condition over years may raise concern on the future reproductive potential of that population.     

基于CFD的船舶阻力预报方法研究

根据船舶阻力成分及预报方法进行分析讨论,提出基于CFD的方法进行船舶阻力数值预报。分别基于势流和粘性流理论对船舶阻力进行预报,将阻力系数与试验值进行对比。基于粘性流体理论求解获得船体的粘性总阻力及摩擦阻力,基于势流理论直接求解欧拉方程获得船体兴波阻力。通过对某油船在各航速下的阻力理论计算结果与船模试验值的比较表明,该方法计算速度快,经济性好,且预报精确度高,完全满足工程需要,可以在实际工程使用。     

编码器在装船机闭环控制系统中的应用及故障分析

阐述焦炭专用装船机臂架伸缩机构所采用的编码器反馈闭环控制系统的组成和工作原理,分析实际应用中的典型故障案例,介绍避免和排除故障的经验.