班车通勤次数选择行为研究

通过对私家车通勤出行者RP和SP调查,分析了性别、年龄、驾龄、燃油价格等因素对班车通勤次数选择行为的影响,建立了基于Ordinal Logit（OL）模型的私家车转向班车通勤出行的频率选择模型。模型系数表明,驾龄小于3a的私家车出行者,在燃油价格上涨时,更倾向于班车通勤出行;驾龄大于3a的私家车通勤出行者,随着驾龄的增加,受燃油价格的影响越小,转向班车出行的频率越低。     

基于决策过程的停车换乘行为研究

文中从决策过程分析的角度出发,利用决策过程分析理论,采用计算机仿真的方法,分析了多方式选择情景下的停车换乘行为.通过一次选择决策行为分析得出,出行者存在多方式选择权衡比较、偏好反转等决策现象,通过分析决策阈值、初始偏好对停车换乘选择行为的影响得出,采取一定的措施,如为出行者提供停车换乘设施信息服务、通过免费换乘减少对小汽车的依赖性等,将会影响出行者的决策行为过程而使其转向停车换乘出行.     

超大基坑中环撑与桁架直撑的方案优选

随着超大异形深基坑在建筑工程中的出现越来越普遍,在深基坑开挖和结构回筑阶段如何保证基坑安全成为业界人士关注的重点,通过广佛环线城际铁路地下车站陈村站超长、超宽基坑设计支撑方案的比选,结合周边环境及地质水文情况,从基坑安全性、可行性和经济性等多方面出发,分为四种工况进行理论计算分析,得出基坑环形内支撑和桁架直撑的优缺点,为相似工程的设计提供借鉴.     

综合运输网络上多货类流量最短路分配

针对综合运输网络资源合理配置的需求,分析了综合运输网络上影响路径选择行为的用户偏好体系,并将其概括成客观类、主观类和调控类。在给出选择偏好在路径选择模型中的表达方法基础上,阐述了采用改进的最短路加载方法进行多货类运输流量分配的思路和执行流程,并面向可持续发展政策导向的运输网络规划,引入"诱导参数"对处于合理路径集中的联合运输路径进行优先选择。最后通过算例分析了不同"诱导参数"对双货类网络流量分布的影响,从政策调控的角度为综合运输网络宏观布局的评价模型提供理论参考。     

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探索了图形式可变情报板（GRIP）对驾驶员路径选择行为的影响.采用意向调查法（SP）获取驾驶员从两条拥堵状况不同的路径中选择路径的行为数据,采用离散选择建模方法建立估计路径选择概率的二元Logit模型,揭示驾驶员对GRIP信息的响应行为规律.GRIP提供的路径交通状况信息分别用拥堵点与分流点的距离、拥堵路径颜色来度量.调查选取上海市延安西路立交前实际存在的一块GRIP,SP问卷为驾驶员构造了起终点之间含有两条替换路径的假想出行情境,借助SPSS软件对采集的行为数据进行建模.分析表明,GRIP信息会影响驾驶员的路径选择行为,不同的信息内容对驾驶员路径选择行为的影响是不同的,驾驶员对GRIP信息中出现红色特别敏感.此外,驾驶员的学历、年行驶公里数等个体属性也是影响驾驶员路径选择行为的因素.     

北京市老年人出行调查与分析

在当今人口老龄化背景下,为了解老年人的生活及出行状况、提高老年人的生活质量,对北京市60岁以上部分老年人进行出行调查。调查包括一日出行情况、个人家庭基本属性、主要日常活动、出行意愿四项内容。通过调查分析得出北京市老年人的总体出行特征和不同属性的老年人出行特征,老年人主要日常活动的活动频率、空间分布、时间分布特征及主要出行方式,日常出行所面临的困难及改进老年人出行环境应关注的事项。     

偏好泊位约束下的集装箱港口离散泊位分配问题*

在集装箱码头中,泊位调度系统是影响码头作业调度的重要环节,而泊位分配问题又是其首要问题。为了揭示 泊位偏好对泊位分配问题的影响,重点从集装箱码头泊位分配问题和基于船舶泊位偏好问题两方面展开研究,为对泊位分 配和泊位偏好进行协同优化配置,建立泊位偏好约束下的多目标混合整数数学模型。并且采用CPLEX进行求解。通过算例 说明模型的有效性,并通过实验分析船舶对泊位的偏好的影响。结果对港口具有的实际应用价值,拓展了对离散型靠泊计 划的研究。     

Policy Simulation for New BRT and Area Pricing Alternatives Using an Opinion Survey in Jakarta

Abstract

An area pricing scheme for Jakarta, Indonesia, is currently under review as a transportation control measure along with the operation of new bus rapid transit (BRT) system. While this scheme may be effective for congestion reduction in the central business district (CBD), provision of alternative means of transportation for auto users that are ‘pushed-out’ is of great importance to obtain public acceptance. Hence, it is necessary to simulate simultaneously the area pricing scheme and the BRT development which may serve as an alternative for assumed ‘pushed-out’ auto users. Utilizing data from an opinion survey, this paper studies how BRT and auto ridership are likely to vary as a function of traveler and system attributes. Additionally, the study attempts to evaluate the way this new travel mode is distinguished from other existing conventional transportation alternatives in Jakarta. The survey data contains socioeconomic information of over 1000 respondents as well as details of to-work/school trips to the CBD including mode, travel cost, time, etc. Respondents were asked about their willingness to shift from their current mode to BRT to make the same travel for different BRT fare levels. Modeling efforts suggest that a mixed logit model performs better in explaining choice behavior. Therefore, this model was used for policy simulation. The simulation results brought about many implications as to the tested policies. While the developed models may be applied only to future BRT corridors in which the survey was conducted, they capture the key variables that are significant in explaining mode choice behavior and present great potential for practical use in policy simulation and analysis in a large metropolitan area of the developing world.     

A Stated Preference Experiment for Measuring Service Quality in Public Transport

Abstract

This paper develops a Stated Preference (SP) experiment that provides a way to measure service quality in public transport. The paper introduces an empirical procedure for optimising the SP experiment. This procedure permits the identification of the choice alternatives defining the experiment by simulating the choices of a user sample. By using the data collected from an experimental survey, a Multinomial Logit model was calibrated. This model is a way of identifying the importance of service quality attributes on global customer satisfaction and calculating a Service Quality Index, which provides an operationally appealing measure of current or potential service effectiveness.     

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高速铁路投入运营以后,航空运输市场份额明显下降,两种高速客运方式产生了激烈的竞争.本文以武广沿线高铁与航空的实地调查数据为基础,根据非集计模型的相关原理,建立了描述武广沿线高铁与航空运输竞争的Binary Logit模型,并将调查获得的SP数据进行RP数据修正,对模型求解得出不同机票折扣下的高速铁路与航空运输的竞争程度.通过对模型结果的分析,我们发现当武广航空运输票价低于7折时,高铁与航空运输将产生激烈竞争,且票价折扣越低,竞争越激烈.研究成果对高铁与航空运输的协调发展及避免二者的恶性竞争具有重要意义.