数控铣床自动加工循环自行中断故障的处理

数控机床出现外部故障,有时诊断过程比较困难、复杂,一旦发现问题所在,解决起来比较轻松。对数控机床外部故障的诊断,首先应熟练掌握机床的工作原理和动作顺序,出现故障时,要搞清故障现象。其次要熟练运用厂方提供的PLC梯形图,充分利用NC系统的状态显示功能,来观察PLC一些状态信息,在故障比较复杂时,最好采用机外编程器,在线监测PLC梯形图运行的状态。而FANUC-0系统可直接通过NC系统DGNOSPARAM功能直接在线观测梯形图的变化。     

Reduced dwell times resulting from train–platform improvements: the costs and benefits of improving passenger accessibility to metro trains

Abstract

This paper examines whether a dwell time reduction on a high-intensity metro service, as a result of a series of accessibility enhancements, can contribute to an increased level of service and accessible public transport for passengers together with a reduction in costs for the operator. Actual train operation data were collected by on-site observations and from London Underground Ltd. A simple simulation is built to represent the effect on the overall cycle times of trains if certain parameters (e.g. dwell time) are changed. Four models are developed, concerning: (1) step height between train and platform, (2) an assumption of passenger service time to be no longer than 20 s, (3) door width and (4) the combination of step height and door width. From the application of the models it appears that the fourth model provides the highest reduction in dwell time and diminishes the overall cycle times of trains. However, it is the most expensive to implement as it requires work to raise platforms and the purchase of new rolling stock.     

Ground delay program planning under uncertainty in airport capacity

Abstract

This paper presents an algorithm for assigning flight departure delays under probabilistic airport capacity. The algorithm dynamically adapts to weather forecasts by revising, if necessary, departure delays. The proposed algorithm leverages state-of-the-art optimization techniques that have appeared in recent literature. As a case study, the algorithm is applied to assigning departure delays to flights scheduled to arrive at San Francisco International Airport in the presence of uncertainty in the fog clearance time. The cumulative distribution function of fog clearance time was estimated from historical data. Using daily weather forecasts to update the probabilities of fog clearance times resulted in improvement of the algorithm's performance. Experimental results also indicate that if the proposed algorithm is applied to assign ground delays to flights inbound at San Francisco International airport, overall delays could be reduced up to 25% compared to current level.     

Effective aircraft maintenance schedule adjustment following incidents

In the real world, planned aircraft maintenance schedules are often affected by incidents. Airlines may thus need to adjust their aircraft maintenance schedules following the incidents that occur during routine operations. In tradition, such aircraft maintenance schedule adjustment has been performed manually, a process which is neither effective nor efficient, especially when the problem scale is large. In this study, an aircraft maintenance schedule adjustment model is developed, with the objective of minimizing the total system cost, subject to the related operating constraints. The model is formulated as a zero-one integer program and is solved using a mathematical programing solver. The effectiveness of the model is evaluated by application to a case study using data from an aircraft maintenance center in Taiwan. The test results show the proposed model, as well as the scheduling rules abstracted from the results are useful for the decision maker to adjust good maintenance schedules.     

快速公交客流量影响因素解释结构模型构建与应用

针对当前交通拥堵、能源紧张、尾气污染等一系列问题,为加快快速公共交通的发展、提高公共交通利用率,本文找出了影响快速公交客流的主要因素,利用系统工程学中的ISM方法,构建了快速公交客流系统解释结构模型,通过分析探讨快速公交客流的主要影响因素,进而明确了各因素间的清晰结构,得到影响快速公交客流量的5级递阶结构;最后找出影响快速公交客流因素的各影响因素.通过影响因素,建立了多元回归模型,从影响程度、影响方向、影响时期分别归类分析.通过分析各层级因素对快速公交客流量的影响,可引导更多居民选择快速公交出行,对缓解交通压力提供了一定方法指导和决策支持.并通过合理分析为快速公交运输服务提出了建议.     

东直门交通枢纽客流量规律研究

分别对激光和视频2种检测设备进行了人工校验,利用统计学知识对枢纽客流数据进行统计分析,得到了东直门交通枢纽进出客流量和不同运输方式客流量的客流规律,对枢纽科学的运营管理和安全防范具有重要的指导意义.     

基于《公路桥梁技术状况评定标准》的桥梁评定管理系统开发

《公路桥梁技术状况评定标准》（JTG/TH21-2011）作为公路工程行业推荐性标准对桥梁评定工作的系统化规定及其评定细则和量化标准较04规范,评分计算工作更加复杂,评定周期大大延长。因此,利用C#语言开发桥梁评定管理系统,实现新规范评定工作的软件化,并更细化了规范的评分方法,极大地简化评分计算工作,缩短了评定周期;在评定结果基础上开发的管理系统,帮助用户更加便捷地管理日常检测数据,观察构件、部件的老化情况,为公路桥梁养护决策提供有力支持。     

交叉口混合交通流高维多目标信号优化控制

为提高我国城市道路交叉口混合交通流智能信号控制的效率,提出一种基于高维多目标进化算法的交叉口混合交通流信号智能优化控制方法.首先,提出一种新的高维多目标进化算法GRMODE,设计了新的算法模型并改进了Pareto支配排序等多项关键技术;其次,设计了基于GRMODE算法的交叉口混合交通流高维多目标信号优化控制模型,提供5项控制目标最优的信号控制方案.在南京市交叉口信号控制中的仿真实验结果表明,基于GRMODE算法的控制模型能够使交叉口机动车平均延误、停车次数、通行能力、非机动车平均延误及行人等待时间等多项性能指标同时达到最优,提升交叉口智能信号控制效率.     

某型柴油机进气歧管优化分析

利用CFD软件计算某四缸柴油机各个气缸EGR废气分布,利用Boost软件计算发动机一个工作循环的边界条件,提供给3D模型作为输入。在CFD软件中计算并得到各个气缸的EGR率和EGR质量流量相对误差,由于计算结果不满足评价标准,因此对进气歧管模型结构进行优化,并再次按照以上步骤进行CFD计算。结果证明：优化方案进气歧管EGR分布均匀性很好,满足评价要求。     

基于CAE分析的某车型发动机舱内饰优化设计

针对某车型发动机舱内多个零部件发生烤焦和烤化问题,根据CAE对整车爬坡工况时机舱内空气流动状函分析结果,得出此问题是由发动机舱进风量不足、发动机舱前部和后部存在空气热回流等现象所引起的。文章通过增加散热器导风板、修改前保险杠上部装饰板和发动机底部护板等措施,使总进风量提高了5．6％,发动机舱后部靠近前围外隔热垫温度明显降低。改善了发动机舱的内流状况,为后续的机舱内饰设计提供了新的思路和方法。