Technical,allocative and cost efficiencies of Chinese ports

This paper reports on empirical studies of the technical, allocative, and cost efficiencies (CEs) of Chinese ports based on the panel data of 16 listed port corporations from 1998 to 2011 by means of Bayesian Inference and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. An error terms approach is used to resolve the Greene Problem in the estimation of allocative efficiency. The results show that the technical efficiencies have tended to decline in most ports. Inputs to R&D and improving management level are insufficient to offset this decline. Seaports have higher CEs than river ports. Ports with higher container cargo proportion have higher CEs. Ports with more than 50% of shares owned by the State have higher CEs.     

Advances in port studies: the contribution of 40 years Maritime Policy & Management

Port economics, management and policy have progressively emerged as a distinctive research field, and a core part of maritime economics. This paper provides an analysis of all the 267 port studies published in Maritime Policy & Management (MPM) since its inception in 1973. This paper provides a content analysis for seven interrelated research theme categories including main research topics and methods, authorship distribution and citation counts. It is demonstrated that MPM played, and continues to play, a key role in publishing research on seaports. The published research increasingly applies established analytical frameworks to ports. The paper concludes with a discussion on current challenges for port-related research.     

浅谈盈亏平衡分析在新建海洋工程企业中的应用

文章阐述新建海洋工程企业如何有效利用数学工具对企业的整体运营进行科学的预测和分析,找出其中优势和存在的问题,从而为企业的科学决策提供依据,以促进企业健康和谐的发展.     

A study of factors influencing the severity of road crashes involving drunk drivers and non drunk drivers

In this study, an attempt has been made to develop Multinomial Logit (MNL) model by analysing the drunken and non drunken drivers involved in road crashes on Indian highways. Multinomial Logit model has been deployed to assess the influence of various parameters like vehicular, environment and geometric factors on the set of drivers who were found to be drunk at the time of getting involved in the road crash and those who were not under the influence of alcohol at the time of meeting with the road crash. The total economic cost of road crashes in the case of non-drunk driver road crash is Rs. 1046.27 million whereas in the case of drunk driver road crashes it is estimated to be Rs. 204.50 million. Further, it can be observed that economic cost of drunk driver road crashes is varying from 13 to 19 % across different types of road crashes.     

Regulation,trust and contractual incentives around transport contracts – Is there anything bus operators can learn from public air service contracts?

This paper compares recent experiences in contract negotiation and subsequent commitment in public air services with the bus industry. The heart of the paper is a survey of European and Australian regional airlines, which we mirror with revealed experiences of bus operators. We aim to identify a number of elements in the contracting regimes that have exposed ambiguity and significant gaps in what the principal (e.g., transport department) expected, and what the agent (airline or bus operator) believed they were obliged to deliver. Ultimately airline and bus services are similar in that public authorities procure transport services that are desirable for the society but would be unprofitable without government involvement. In both sectors (theoretically fairly similar) public transport contracts are used, and those usually include obligations and performance measurements. In terms of similarities, one of the surveyed contract details that had a perceived high clarity in both industries was “payment procedures” and amongst those with rather poor clarity was also in both industries “incentives to improve performance and grow patronage”. We also show differences between regional air services and bus operations with regard to performance measurement and pre-specified obligations. Because of the strong safety culture around air services we find that regulation and trusting partnerships are even more important to aviation than to the bus sector. Because of the high level of trust but also because of simpler and more complete contracts in aviation, there is much less (re-)negotiation going on compared to the bus operations.     

港口工程混凝土结构物全寿命成本分析

通过调研研究了对港口工程混凝土结构物全寿命成本分析的折现率和成本构成进行了统计、分析和研究。结果表明港口工程混凝土结构物的全寿命成本分析的折现率在0—30a之间取4％,30a之后取3％。港口工程全寿命成本主要有初建成本、运营期成本和风险成本构成。根据折现率和成本构成的研究结果,采用费用现值法建立了港口工程混凝土结构物的全寿命成本的计算模型。     

深水防波堤抛填工艺

介绍了青岛港董家口港区东防波堤水上抛石工艺,通过计算开底驳与开体驳抛填数据用以指导施工。采用开底驳、开体驳大范围主抛,甲板驳补抛以及通过翘板堆填,形成类似陆推的水上施工工艺,过程中扫海测深绘制直观断面图,有效控制堤身抛填质量及成本。顺利完成了董家口地区首个全部采用水上施工的深水防波堤。     

使用可用度在舰船装备论证中的约束作用

在舰船装备论证过程中,使用可用度不仅是装备保障能力的量化,还对装备的一些因素有着约束作用。分析使用可用度在论证过程中对装备数量、维修计划、随船备件满足率和全寿命周期费用的影响,建立这些参数之间的定性关系表达式,发现提高舰船使用可用度,有助于减少舰船装备数量和降低装备寿命周期费用,但也会缩短装备寿命期内的维修时间,并要求装备有较高的备件满足率。     

Are Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) Beneficial for Society? A Cost Benefit Analysis to Evaluate their Potential Implementation in Spain

Abstract

In this paper we carry out a thorough review of the current research related to the benefits and costs arising from the implementation of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs). From this review we concluded that despite the many studies available, little has been said about the sensitivity of the benefits and costs to the ultimate performance of the key variables related to the evolution of the economy, road transport performance, safety, and so on. In order to fill this gap, we have designed a sensitivity approach based on a cost benefit analysis tool to determine which variables demonstrate the greatest influence on the benefits and costs stemming from the implementation of LHVs. In order to test the methodology, we have used it in an analysis of the Spanish trunk network. The results show that the benefits of LHVs for society are significant. Even in the least favorable scenario, the economic benefits are greater than €3500 million over 15 years, and the environment enhanced as well, for CO₂ emissions are reduced by 2 Million tonnes. Overall we noted how the results are not very sensitive to the evolution of key variables in determining the final outcome. However, we found that the variables that have the greatest affect on the final benefit, such as traffic growth and social discount rate, depend basically on the performance of the overall economy. Moreover, the private cost for haulers seems to be more important in determining the final benefit than externality costs.     

基于OBE理念的《工程造价与招投标》课程教学改革与实践

《工程造价与招投标》课程基于OBE理念,从制定教学目标、优化教学内容、创新教学方法、改进教学评价四个环节探讨了课程改革。以岗位核心能力为导向,根据学生成果确定教学目标,根据目标优化内容,再基于信息化教学手段,以项目导向任务驱动的主要教学方法来实施课程,以多元化的过程性评价考核学生,并持续改进,整个教学设计突出学生的主体地位,注重实践能力的培养,并在课程中深化课程思政。