Transantiago: A tale of two cities

The Chilean government decided to modernize Santiago's entire public transport system, integrating the underground and the private bus networks based on a structure of trunk and feeder services, and a fare-payment by touchless smart card. The new, integrated transit system, known as Transantiago, very soon ran into serious problems that alienated much of its user base and significantly lowered the government's approval ratings. This paper recounts how Transantiago was planned and designed and then discusses its evolution after implementation. It concludes with suggestions for the Transantiago authorities and lessons to be learned from this traumatic process.     

基于城市规划管理角度的停车问题对策研究

首先分析目前对于停车问题的常规解决思路及措施,然后分析其缺陷,最后从城市规划管理角度提出相应的保障措施及对策。主要包括控制性详细规划的编制与实施、建筑物配建标准制定及实施、土地复合开发等管理规定。研究对于指导城市新区建设、改善停车现状有重要的指导意义。     

Cooperation in transit delivery in West German metropolitan areas

West Germany is densely populated, averaging 245 inhabitants/km², but varying widely between urban agglomerations and rural areas. Transport volume has increased by 40% since 1970, with virtually all growth due to private automobiles. Since 1981 public transit has been suffering from decreasing demand.A 1964 Expert's Report to the German federal government was the stimulus for initiating an effective funding mechanism for new public transit construction. In 1965 Germany's first federated transit authority was founded for the region of Hamburg.Principal among the goals of any cooperative agreement among transit companies are improvements for the passengers and improvement of revenues for the companies. To attain these ends, two distinct forms of transit aggrements have been developed in Germany: transit cooperative (Verkehrsgemeinschaft) and transit federation (Verkehrsverbund). The former is more suitable for smaller to medium-sized towns, while the latter is more suitable for larger cities. The two types are described in this article.German transit federations during the 1970s succeeded in significantly increasing ridership, while during the 1980s patronage has either remained steady or has declined. Yet transit federations showed much better perfomance than did public transit in general. In terms of costs and revenues, no public transit organization in Germany is able to break even; deficits vary between 42% and 55%. The author concludes, however, that hidden subsidies for automobile traffic are far higher, because of environmental damage and the high social cost of traffic accidents.     

Spatial variations in attitudes toward expanded public transit service

Although recent budgetary considerations by the Federal govenment do not portend well for urban public transit, some transit systems are considering expansion into less densely-settled areas further from the Central Business District. Of some concern to planners has been their belief that suburban and rural dwellers may be much less inclined than urban dwellers to support expansion of transit service. This paper presents an analysis of a random-digit dialing/mail-out, mail-back survey conducted in Washtenaw County, Michigan which was designed specifically to examine differences in attitudes between urban and rural residents. Six mutually-exclusive spatial strata were established based upon population density. This paper tests for expected spatial differences in socioeconomic and demographic variables and then examines spatial variations in attitudes toward public transportation. The major conclusion is that the expected spatial variations in attitudes about transit service provision between the spatial strata do not arise. Most of the significant differences found are with respect to questions which relate to where transit is provided. Residents in rural (urban) areas support more strongly the provision of services to rural (urban) areas. Many residents, however, will support transit service that may not benefit them directly.     

城市公交中的乘客体验与个体空间占有

立意于对乘客体验的解读,提出＂乘客体验观＂,阐述＂人城和谐＂型的城市公交体系模式,提出个体空间占有概念及衍生公式理论,诠释以乘客体验要素为出发点的城市公交规划和设计思路。     

海事民意实时回访的法价值探析

海事民意实时回访改变了以往海事行政主体与相对人之间单一的"命令—服从"关系,取而代之的是双方的沟通、交流、互动与合作,这使海事主管机构能够及时、准确地了解广大相对人的利益诉求,有针对性地调整工作方向,找准工作切入点,从而提高行政效能。     

基于层次分析法与模糊综合评价法的公交线路运行效率研究

运用层次分析法与模糊综合评价法相结合的方法对长沙市公交线路运行效率进行评价,为交通监管部门的决策提供依据.     

公交信息的乘客光环效应

光环效应是一种特殊的非理性心理现象，可利用其改善公交乘客的满意度.本文认为显著维度光环效应指标除了满足对总体满意度作用系数最大外，还应新增 3个基本特征，据此提出了一种新的基于多个特征的显著维度光环效应指标辨识方法，克服了单个特征有时错误识别的缺陷.基于 2017年武汉市公交乘客满意度数据，利用双因素和决策树法辨识潜在的显著维度光环效应指标，缩小辨识范围.利用各分项满意度指标的影响人群比例，评分均值与总体满意度关系，对总体满意度的作用系数，评分方差等精确辨识了显著维度光环效应指标. 研究发现，公交信息服务对 55.42%的乘客具有反向光环效应.改善公交信息服务可显著提高不满意乘客的满意度.     

公共交通设施配套规模研究——以中山市公共交通设施配套标准为例

针对城市公共交通场站用地紧张和居民公交出行不便等问题,文中根据部分城市公共交通配套标准经验,并以土地利用和交通需求等相关理论为基础,构建建设项目公共交通设施配套规模的计算方法。方法根据建设项目的规模,推算项目需要的公共交通设施配套规模,最后以中山市城区的相关交通参数为例,代入模型进行计算,得出中山市公共交通设施配套标准。     

管片钢模激光测量技术的应用

随着我国城市地下隧道建设的快速发展,盾构施工技术已占主导地位,隧道管片的制造精度日益提高,对铸造型钢模具的制造精度也提出了更高的要求。介绍了管片钢模激光测量技术及装置,对型钢模具制造过程的检测和控制进行了分析,针对现有试验装置存在的不足进行了优化研究,最后对一种新的管片钢模具激光快速测量工艺进行了总结。