基于交易费用的物流运作模式研究

从交易费用理论及物流运作模式着手,探讨了市场采购、物流自营,物流外包与物流内包的适应环境及运作对象。即:对于一般的物流活动应该从市场上进行采购,对于集成化的物流服务应该采用外部外包,当第三方物流市场走向垄断时,要积极寻求物流内包。     

灌注混凝土桩施工方法及工艺的探讨

通过对钻孔灌注桩与沉入桩的对比分析,得出了钻孔灌注桩的优点,并且详细介绍了钻孔灌注桩的施工工艺和方法,总结了提高灌注混凝土桩承载力的方法和灌注桩的检测手段及一般事故处理方法,以供今后类似工程实践参考.     

工程测量课程实训环节教学改革及质量控制方法探讨

如何在有限的课内实训环节教学过程中,有效地组织开展实训项目,充分完成好实训环节任务布置、方案设计、素材准备、组织实施、成果检查和质量控制等问题,如何实现"教学过程"和"生产过程"的准确对接,如何真正地实训"教、学、做一体化",是提高课程实训环节教学效果、提高测绘专业实训教学效果的重要途径。本文针对工程测量课程,主要探讨课内实训环节教学方法改革和质量控制方法。     

高职院校实践教学质量保障体系探析

论述了构建高职院校实践教学质量保障体系的基本原则，分析了当前实践教学质量保障体系中存在的问题，并从完善实践教学管理制度、改善实践教学基础设施、打造“双师”素质师资队伍、建成高效实践教学质量监控和考核体系等四方面提出了具体的应对措施，以期为高职院校构建科学、合理、完善的实践教学质量保障体系提供借鉴。     

Life cycle emissions and cost model for urban light duty vehicles

The growth of vehicle sales and use internationally requires the consumption of significant quantities of energy and materials, and contributes to the deterioration of air-quality and climate conditions. Advanced propulsion systems and electric drive vehicles have substantially different characteristics and impacts. They require life cycle assessments and detailed comparisons with gasoline powered vehicles which, in turn, should lead to critical updates of traditional models and assumptions. For a comprehensive comparison of advanced and traditional light duty vehicles, a model is developed that integrates external costs, including emissions and time losses, with societal and consumer life cycle costs. Life cycle emissions and time losses are converted into costs for seven urban light duty vehicles. The results, which are based on vehicle technology characteristics and transportation impacts on environment, facilitate vehicle comparisons and support policy making in transportation. Substantially, more sustainable urban transportation can be achieved in the short-term by promoting policies that increase vehicle occupancy; in the intermediate-term by increasing the share of hybrid vehicles in the car market and in the long-term by the widespread use of electric vehicles. A sensitivity-analysis of life cost results revealed that vehicle costs change significantly for different geographical areas depending on vehicle taxation, pricing of gasoline, electric power and pollution. Current practices in carbon and air quality pricing favor oil and coal based technologies. However, increasing the cost of electricity from coal and other fossil fuels would increase the variable cost for electric vehicles, and tend to favor the variable cost of hybrid vehicles.     

A novel approach for the modelling of air quality dynamics in underground railway stations

Indoor air quality in subterranean train stations is a concern in many places around the globe. However, due to the specificity of each case, numerous parameters of the problem remain unknown, such as the braking discs particle emission rate, the ventilation rate of the station or the complete particle size distribution of the emitted particles. In this study the problem of modelling PM₁₀ concentration evolution in relation with train traffic is hence addressed with a particle-mass conservation model which parameters are fitted using a genetic algorithm. The parameters of the model allow to reproduce the dynamics and amplitude of four field data sets from the French and Swedish underground contexts and comply with realistic bounds in terms of emissions, deposition and ventilation rate.     

公路工程施工管理质量研究

公路工程施工管理直接关系到工程项目的质量,在施工中加强管理控制是十分必要的,结合公路工程施工管理的特点,对影响公路工程管理质量的因素进行分析,并提出具体解决对策,对类似工程施工有一定的指导意义.     

BIM技术在清华珠三角公建项目施工中的应用研究

随着科技的进步及项目管理水平的提高,BIM技术应运而生。本文以清华珠三角研究院粤港澳大湾区创新基地项目为依托,从应用目标、应用前准备工作、前期策划管理、技术管理、质量安全管理、物资设备管理、进度管理、经济成本管理等方面开展BIM技术在公建项目施工中的应用研究,结果表明:使用BIM技术,使项目管理走向精细化、全面化、高效化,并提高质量标准,增加安全保障,减少项目成本,提高项目利润率;同时与AI技术相结合,使BIM技术更加具有简便性,产出更大效益。     

Optimal bus fleet management strategy for emissions reduction

Transportation is a major cause for environmental degradation via exhaust emissions. For many transit-oriented metropolitan areas, bus trips often constitute a sizeable mode share. Managing the bus fleet, in particular updating buses to comply with the newer emissions standards, therefore, can have a substantial impact on transportation-induced air quality. This paper presents the approach of remaining life additional benefit–cost (RLABC) analysis for maximising the total net benefit by either early-retiring or retrofitting the current bus fleet within their lifespans. By referring to the net benefits for different bus types estimated by RLABC analysis, the most beneficial management scheme for the current bus fleet can be identified. Optimal bus fleet management (BFM) models based on the RLABC analysis for the operator and the government are developed. Then a government subsidy plan is produced to achieve win–win solutions, which will offer efficient and flexible management schemes. To illustrate the approach, the largest bus company in Hong Kong, which carries more than 23% of the total trips in Hong Kong, is taken as a case study example. Instead of adopting a fixed retirement plan, such as replacing buses at the age of 17 as is currently practised, the proposed method develops an optimal BFM scheme that progressively phases out buses or retrofits them. This study produces promising results to demonstrate the large benefit of this approach for optimal bus fleet management.     

双块式轨枕外形质量快速检测系统研制及应用

SK?2型双块式混凝土轨枕是高速铁路无砟轨道结构中的重要预制件,单一生产厂日均产量达到800~1400根,但目前的人工检测方式无法满足双块式轨枕的出厂检验要求。本文提出的双块式轨枕外形质量快速检测系统可满足TB/T 3397—2015《CRTS双块式无砟轨道混凝土轨枕》的出厂检验要求,与双块式轨枕生产线相匹配,大大提高了检测效率,实现了双块式轨枕全参数、自动化、智能化检测。检测数据自动上传至生产管理平台,可对双块式轨枕生产质量进行跟踪管理。