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21.
在目前国内外研究现状的基础上,结合铁路建设项目的特点,初步建立了以生态环境、噪声与振动环境、电磁环境、水环境、大气环境、固体废弃物和社会环境等7个互为关联和补充环境因子构成的铁路建设项目环境影响后评价指标体系,并利用构建的指标体系对成都至都江堰铁路环境影响后评价进行了分析。 相似文献
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鼓式制动器摩擦副压强不均匀性分析与评价 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
定义了鼓式制动器摩擦片压强的两种不均匀度指数,推导了现有的不同机构型式的鼓式制动器的摩擦副压强不均匀度指数的计算公式,并分析了其变化特性。以这两种压强不均匀度指数作为新的评价指标,对各种型式的鼓式制动器进行了评价,揭示了一些型式的鼓式制动器所固有的缺点。提出了改进传统鼓式制动器的技术方向和途径。 相似文献
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参照平整度测量仪的结构及原理,用MATLAB科学计算语言对平整度的测量过程进行了模拟仿真,分析平整度指标与路面状态参数之间的定量关系,并阐述了此项研究对提出新的摊铺机自动找平系统的控制方式,提高路面平整度具有的实际意义与可行性. 相似文献
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Julian Arellana María Saltarín Ana Margarita Larrañaga Vilma Alvarez César Augusto Henao 《运输评论》2020,40(2):183-203
ABSTRACTNumerous methodologies measuring walkability have been developed over the last years. This paper reviews the Walkability Index (WI) literature of the last decade (2009–2018) and highlights some limitations in the current approaches. Only a few studies have evaluated walkability in Latin America, mainly in big cities but not in medium and small-sized cities in the region, which present their own urbanisation dynamics, security issues, sidewalk invasion problems, and poor planning. Furthermore, most WIs in the literature use objective mesoscale variables to assess walkability in a given area. This paper contributes to filling these gaps by generating new evidence from a medium-sized city in Latin America to question if characteristics of the built environment encourage walking trips, as found in the literature, are transferable among regions. The study also proposes a novel index comprised of microscale and mesoscale built environment variables to assess walkability using virtual tools and considering users’ perceptions. The WI estimation relies on ranking probability models. The results of the case study suggest that subjective Security and Traffic Safety are the most crucial factors influencing walkability in these kind of cities, which is different from what is found in the literature from cities in developed countries where Sidewalk Condition and Attractiveness are the most important factors. Security appeared to be strongly associated with a subjective dimension, represented by the fear of crime or perceived risk for crime, instead of the actual occurrence of crimes. This result evidences the importance of the physical attributes of the real world and how they are captured, judged, and processed by pedestrians. Then, regional transferability of WIs needs to be done carefully. Finally, results in this paper highlight the importance of microscale built environment characteristics in the WI formulation in these cities. Results are in line with other research in some cities of the region, which found that microscale variables such as pavement quality and presence of obstacles on the sidewalks are relevant components to promote walkability. 相似文献
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Behrooz Mashadi Hamid Mostaghimi 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2017,55(5):704-724
The modelling and development of a general criterion for the prediction of rollover threshold is the main purpose of this work. Vehicle dynamics models after the wheels lift-off and when the vehicle moves on the two wheels are derived and the governing equations are used to develop the rollover threshold. These models include the properties of the suspension and steering systems. In order to study the stability of motion, the steady-state solutions of the equations of motion are carried out. Based on the stability analyses, a new relation is obtained for the rollover threshold in terms of measurable response parameters. The presented criterion predicts the best time for the prevention of the vehicle rollover by applying a correcting moment. It is shown that the introduced threshold of vehicle rollover is a proper state of vehicle motion that is best for stabilising the vehicle with a low energy requirement. 相似文献
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通过计算机仿真软件ARENA模拟双向两车道路段上不同的超车视距长度下的超车行为,并建立风险指标。风险指标主要根据超车动作结束时,超越车与对向车辆间的最短时间距离确定。一共确定了六个风险等级,用于评价不同设计时速下的各种PSD长度的风险。利用此方法可以很直接的评价超车视距设计的优劣。 相似文献