双中间轴变速器副箱主轴的扭矩分析与验证

为提高变速器的承载能力,降低承载部件的失效风险,提高汽车运行的可靠性,对变速器主要零部件的承载能力进行分析与验证已成为变速器设计过程中最关键的环节。文章通过分析并利用静扭试验台架对变速器副箱主轴进行实际工况的加载与校核,进一步探究该部件的承载能力,以确保达到变速器的设计要求。台架试验方法在变速器设计过程中发挥着重要作用,是验证变速器性能的重要手段、     

城市快速路辅路功能定位分析及设计标准

该文结合我国城市快速路发展实际,分析了城市快速路辅路在规划设计层面的一些基本问题,提出快速路辅路基本职能分三种:服务职能、集散职能、通道职能。辅路因设置目的不同及所承担的任务不同,可划分为不同的类型,即标准服务型、集散型、服务-集散型、综合通道型。每一种类型又都具有各自不同的交通功能及选型条件,以及相应的设计标准和建设规模。该文还结合典型的案例进行了说明。     

跨沪宁高速公路钢箱梁顶推施工技术

惠南路跨沪宁高速公路大桥主跨采用两跨钢箱梁结构,为保证沪宁高速公路车辆正常通行,钢箱梁采用顶推法施工。介绍了顶推法施工工艺,根据沪宁高速公路无法中断交通的现场情况,采用在高速范围外搭设钢桁临时支架,分段吊装、组装、拼接、焊接钢箱梁和钢导梁,分批次依次顶推并接长钢箱梁进行顶推施工。     

V型墩-连续梁结构设计

洛阳市希望桥采用创新的V型墩-连续梁结构,该结构由V型墩、墩顶系杆、支座以及采用肋梁式横截面的主梁组成。介绍该桥的总体布置、结构设计特点。     

闵浦大桥主桥边跨桁架组合梁施工技术总结与探讨

闵浦大桥是世界第一大跨度和规模的双塔双索面双层斜拉桥,边跨采用桁架组合梁结构,具有腹杆采用钢结构,上、下层桥面采用混凝土内包劲性钢骨架的结构特点。对设计提出的指导性施工方案、施工投标方案、实际实施方案进行了总结,并针对结构受力特性,对优化实施方案进行了探讨。     

高速铁路列车开行方案反馈调整系统开发研究

为了实现对高速铁路旅客运输规划的综合优化,讨论了构建高速铁路开行方案反馈调整系统的意义和重要性,并以C#为开发工具,设计开发出了高速铁路列车开行方案反馈调整系统。从系统的模块设计、数据库设计以及流程设计角度介绍了系统。系统从运力资源、运行图和客运需求3个方面对初始开行方案进行反馈调整,实现了开行方案的优化。     

Improvement of vehicle–turnout interaction by optimising the shape of crossing nose

Proper rail geometry in the crossing part is essential for reducing damage on the nose rail. To improve the dynamic behaviour of turnout crossings, a numerical optimisation approach to minimise rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damage and wear in the crossing panel by varying the nose rail shape is presented in the paper. The rail geometry is parameterised by defining several control cross-sections along the crossing. The dynamic vehicle–turnout interaction as a function of crossing geometry is analysed using the VI-Rail package. In formulation of the optimisation problem a combined weighted objective function is used consisting of the normal contact pressure and the energy dissipation along the crossing responsible for RCF and wear, respectively. The multi-objective optimisation problem is solved by adapting the multipoint approximation method and a number of compromised solutions have been found for various sets of weight coefficients. Dynamic behaviour of the crossing has been significantly improved after optimisations. Comparing with the reference design, the heights of the nose rail are notably increased in the beginning of the crossing; the nominal thicknesses of the nose rail are also changed. All the optimum designs work well under different track conditions.     

Optimisation of railway crossing geometry considering a representative set of wheel profiles

A numerical method for robust geometry optimisation of railway crossings is presented. The robustness is achieved by optimising the crossing geometry for a representative set of wheel profiles. As a basis for the optimisation, a crossing geometry is created where rail cross-sectional profiles and longitudinal height profiles of both wing rails and crossing nose are parameterised. Based on the approximation that the two problems are decoupled, separate optimisations are performed for the cross-sectional rail profiles and the longitudinal height profiles. The rail cross sections are optimised to minimise the maximum Hertzian wheel–rail contact pressure. The longitudinal height profiles are optimised to minimise the accumulated damage in the wing rail to crossing nose transition zone. The accumulated damage is approximated using an objective criterion that accounts for the angle of the wheel trajectory reversal during the transition from the wing rail to the crossing nose as well as the distribution of transition points for the utilised wheel profile set. It is found that small nonlinear height deviations from a linear longitudinal wing rail profile in the transition zone can reduce the objective compared to the nominal design. It is further demonstrated that the variation in wheel profile shapes, lateral wheel displacements and the feasible transition zone length of the crossing will determine the longitudinal height profiles of the wing rail and crossing nose if all wheel profiles are to make their transition within the transition zone.     

A study on high-speed rolling contact between a wheel and a contaminated rail

A 3-D explicit finite element model is developed to investigate the transient wheel–rail rolling contact in the presence of rail contamination or short low adhesion zones (LAZs). A transient analysis is required because the wheel passes by a short LAZ very quickly, especially at high speeds. A surface-to-surface contact algorithm (by the penalty method) is employed to solve the frictional rolling contact between the wheel and the rail meshed by solid elements. The LAZ is simulated by a varying coefficient of friction along the rail. Different traction efforts and action of the traction control system triggered by the LAZ are simulated by applying a time-dependent driving torque to the wheel axle. Structural flexibilities of the vehicle–track system are considered properly. Analysis focuses on the contact forces, creepage, contact stresses and the derived frictional work and plastic deformation. It is found that the longitudinal contact force and the maximum surface shear stress in the contact patch become obviously lower in the LAZ and much higher as the wheel re-enters the dry rail section. Consequently, a higher wear rate and larger plastic flow are expected at the location where the dry contact starts to be rebuilt. In other words, contact surface damages such as wheel flats and rail burns may come into being because of the LAZ. Length of the LAZ, the traction level, etc. are varied. The results also show that local contact surface damages may still occur as the traction control system acts.     

用于应力吸收层使用的沥青混合料配合比设计方法研究

根据AC10型细粒式沥青混凝土应力吸收层的设计,提出基于路用性能均衡的应力吸收层的设计方法。即采用最佳紧密状态油石比为下限,谢伦堡析漏试验析漏损失率拐点油石比为上限,并根据路用性能最优确定应力吸收层最佳油石比。通过广西一高速公路实体工程验证,取得了良好的应用效果。