静电场一,四类边值问题的弱问题

本文在Galerkin意义下给出了静电场一、四类混合边值问题的弱问题的等价性,解的唯一性以及广义解连续依赖定解条件(稳定性)的证明,进而证明一、四类混合边值问题的弱问题是适定的。关于第四类非混合边值问题的讨论,待续。     

Variation in predicting pantograph–catenary interaction contact forces,numerical simulations and field measurements

The contact force between the pantograph and the contact wire ensures energy transfer between the two. Too small of a force leads to arching and unstable energy transfer, while too large of a force leads to unnecessary wear on both parts. Thus, obtaining the correct contact force is important for both field measurements and estimates using numerical analysis. The field contact force time series is derived from measurements performed by a self-propelled diagnostic vehicle containing overhead line recording equipment. The measurements are not sampled at the actual contact surface of the interaction but by force transducers beneath the collector strips. Methods exist for obtaining more realistic measurements by adding inertia and aerodynamic effects to the measurements. The variation in predicting the pantograph–catenary interaction contact force is studied in this paper by evaluating the effect of the force sampling location and the effects of signal processing such as filtering. A numerical model validated by field measurements is used to study these effects. First, this paper shows that the numerical model can reproduce a train passage with high accuracy. Second, this study introduces three different options for contact force predictions from numerical simulations. Third, this paper demonstrates that the standard deviation and the maximum and minimum values of the contact force are sensitive to a low-pass filter. For a specific case, an 80?Hz cut-off frequency is compared to a 20?Hz cut-off frequency, as required by EN 50317:2012; the results show an 11% increase in standard deviation, a 36% increase in the maximum value and a 19% decrease in the minimum value.     

VGT涡轮增压器涡轮级性能仿真预测研究

采用Fine/Turbo软件对某可变截面涡轮增压器涡轮级进行数值模拟及流场分析。介绍了VGT涡轮增压器涡轮级建模及分析过程,研究了VGT涡轮增压器涡轮端MAP图性能仿真方法,并与涡轮机性能试验数据进行了对比。结果表明,采用VGT数值模拟和流场分析的方法对VGT增压器性能进行预测是可行的,可以满足增压器多方案性能优化选型需求。     

耙吸式挖泥船耙头内部泥沙运动及防淤堵策略分析

针对耙吸式挖泥船进行航道疏浚作业时,吸入的黏土容易在耙头内部堆积造成堵塞,导致疏浚效率下降的问题。通过研究耙头的结构发现,防止杂物进入泥泵的格栅为黏土堵塞的主要位置,对其进行基于双欧拉模型的流体动力学仿真研究,得出不同的工作参数和格栅角度对耙头压力、速度、泥沙浓度的影响。结果表明,耙头内部低速区容易发生泥沙沉积,高压水射流能提高局部流速,促进泥水混合,有利于泥浆的输送,施工过程如遇黏土将格栅前移能有效防止施工过程中的堵耙现象,提高耙吸式挖泥船的工作效率。     

基于分布式光纤的混凝土路面振动场感知与解析

感知并解析路面振动可为智能车路系统提供健康诊断、定位循迹、风险预警等多功能服务，有效驱动路面智能化。通过优化分布式光纤器件设计与阵列布设，研发了水泥混凝土路面振动分布式感知系统；利用短时能量分析、功率谱分析等构建了振动时间-空间特征、频域-空间特征的场式表达方法；基于短时能量时空场、功率谱频空场，提出了水泥混凝土路面振动时空响应特征、全局频域特征的变维度解析方法；并于同济大学足尺试验场进行实测验证。结果表明：①荷载位置显著影响短时能量时空场，短时能量峰值坐标能灵敏地反映荷载位置变化，且相比线形光缆，由光纤环阵列组成的感知系统具有更高的空间分辨率(0.35 m)；②相同荷载激振下，振动分布式感知系统与商用高精度加速度计测试结果相近(频峰识别误差小于1 Hz，空间振型置信度大于0.9)，且在多点重复测试下具有较高稳定性；③面板模量显著影响功率谱频空场，模量越大前4阶频率越大，且增幅随阶次增高而愈发显著，该实测现象与理论分析吻合，且在6块板内测得相同趋势。该振动分布式感知系统能够准确、稳定地感知路面振动场时间、空间、频域信息；振动场变维度解析方法能够有效、可靠地解析时空响应特征、全局频域特征。     

基于随机森林算法的盾构改良渣土渗透系数预测及工程应用

为解决土压平衡盾构在富水粗粒土地层掘进时，由于盾构渣土渗透性较高而引起螺旋输送机出口处易出现喷涌等风险问题，基于随机森林算法，选取渣土改良参数包括含水率、泡沫注入比、膨润土泥浆注入比以及掘进地层参数土体有效粒径、水力梯度作为模型输入参数，提出一套适用于盾构渣土渗透系数预测的模型。研究结果表明： 该模型预测精度较高，渣土渗透系数预测值与实测值均位于同一数量级，且均方误差仅为2.4×10-9 cm/s，拟合决定系数可达0.981 9。依托滇中引水龙泉倒虹吸盾构隧洞工程进行应用，对下穿盘龙江喷涌风险源进行判定，并基于该预测模型给出推荐改良参数。在采用推荐改良参数后，盾构下穿过程中渣土渗透系数满足要求，土舱压力稳定，且对上部桥梁结构影响较小，保障了盾构安全、高效掘进。     

转向架撒砂装置随机振动疲劳分析与状态监测研究

转向架撒砂装置在服役过程中承受来自轮轨的随机振动激扰,其与轴箱体螺纹连接的部位可能出现松脱甚至断裂。文章一方面通过结合模态计算与模态试验对标研究,校验有限元模型,获得模态参数,并综合随机响应分析和疲劳应力评估的Dirlik模型,研究基于模态分析的随机振动疲劳分析方法;另一方面,为增加撒砂装置服役安全,研究了一种基于光纤光栅的状态监测技术,并在台架试验上进行了验证,在设计上保障了撒砂装置的服役安全。     

某船用柴油机SCR 反应器含氮化合物的浓度场特性

建立了船用柴油机SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction，选择性催化还原) 系统模型，研究了船用柴油机在1000 r/min、75%负荷工况下，SCR系统含氮化合物（HNCO、NH3、NO、NO2）的浓度场特性。研究结果表明：HNCO水解是尿素SCR系统产生NH3的重要来源，其水解速率远高于NO、NO2、NH3的反应速率；在SCR前端，随时间的推移，NH3浓度先升高再急剧下降至稳定状态，在中后端则呈现相反的现象；NO、NO2在SCR前端基本不反应，在SCR中后端，随着时间的推移，基本呈先降后升的趋势；HNCO、NH3、NO、NO2在典型横截面的浓度分布均呈不均匀的“十”字形分布，且大都呈现截面中心及边界中线周围浓度较高、截面四个对角浓度较低的分布规律。     

智能车避障路径规划方法研究

避障路径规划是智能车技术的关键部分,对智能车研究具有重大意义,正确的选择规划方法至关重要。本文首先初步选定人工势场法规划路径,仿真得知传统人工势场法规划出的路径存在局部最优、碰撞及达不到目标点的问题。因此提出改进人工势场法,通过改变势场函数和设定初始条件来解决此问题。最后,为了规划出能够同时避开静态和动态障碍物且能到达目标点的理想路径,在改进人工势场法中加入速度元素,经过仿真,证明了基于速度的改进人工势场法在智能车避障路径规划中的可行性和优越性。     

A study on the determinants of private car ownership in China: Findings from the panel data

This study examines the determinants of private car ownership in China. The target cities are 32 provincial capital cities and the target period is from 2001 to 2011. In order to capture the individual effects (heterogeneity), the fixed and random effect models are adopted and compared, in which 8 explanatory variables are selected to include economic characteristics, urban characteristics, and transportation characteristics. Moreover, double natural logarithm model is employed to measure the elastic relationship between the private car ownership and regressors. The estimated results show that the fixed effect model performs better than pooled regression model and the random effect model. In addition, there are variations of private car ownership among cities and regions. Finally, the influence of factors responsible for these variations is also presented and discussed in this paper.