X80管线钢管的屈强比对其失效评估曲线的影响

X80及以上级别管线钢管的高屈强比是工程应用中的一个突出问题,失效评估曲线是其安全评定的重要依据。文中通过单轴拉伸和断裂韧性试验建立了高屈强比X80管线钢管的特征失效评估图及拟合方程。结果表明：随着钢管屈强比升高,失效评估曲线的截至线（最大载荷比）降低;高、低屈强比钢管的评估曲线在载荷比大于某一临界值时发生分离,且高屈强比钢管的评估曲线处于低屈强比钢管的评估曲线之下;高屈强比钢管的选择3评估曲线比选择1和选择2曲线更偏于安全。     

箱形拱桥结构检测及加固处理

文章以梧州西江大桥箱形拱桥为例,在对桥梁结构进行外观检测的基础上,利用Midas Civil 2010建立模型,通过静载和动载试验分析了该桥的承载能力及结构力学特性,提出了相应的维修加固措施,并探讨了维修加固处理的工程效果。     

桥梁下部结构加固主要工艺

结合京福高速K30+924通道桥维修加固工程,叙述了高压喷射灌浆法、粘贴碳纤维贴片法及钢板补强法的施工工艺。     

沥青砂浆中油砂比的确定方法

沥青混合料是目前工程领域使用较为广泛的一种路面材料,其配合比是影响其性能和使用状况的一个关键性的指标,所以,对于沥青混合料而言,配合比的确定至关重要。与之类似的沥青砂浆,其配合比应该怎么确定,一直是困难的问题。文章根据现在工程中所使用的沥青混合料的配合比,通过相同骨料表面积包裹相同数量的沥青的原理来计算沥青砂浆的油砂比,旨在类比沥青混合料的配合比计算方法,得出适用于沥青砂浆的配合比计算方法,以服务工程实践。     

地下连续墙的受力状态及计算图式分析

在地下连续墙工程现场观测的基础上,对其受力状态进行了分析探讨。指出单元墙段是呈双向弯曲受力状态。因而按现行设计(单向受弯)的配筋计算应做适当的调整。在用筋总量不增加的基础上,使墙体结构设计更加合理、完善、经济、可靠。     

Human-like autonomous car-following model with deep reinforcement learning

This study proposes a framework for human-like autonomous car-following planning based on deep reinforcement learning (deep RL). Historical driving data are fed into a simulation environment where an RL agent learns from trial and error interactions based on a reward function that signals how much the agent deviates from the empirical data. Through these interactions, an optimal policy, or car-following model that maps in a human-like way from speed, relative speed between a lead and following vehicle, and inter-vehicle spacing to acceleration of a following vehicle is finally obtained. The model can be continuously updated when more data are fed in. Two thousand car-following periods extracted from the 2015 Shanghai Naturalistic Driving Study were used to train the model and compare its performance with that of traditional and recent data-driven car-following models. As shown by this study’s results, a deep deterministic policy gradient car-following model that uses disparity between simulated and observed speed as the reward function and considers a reaction delay of 1 s, denoted as DDPGvRT, can reproduce human-like car-following behavior with higher accuracy than traditional and recent data-driven car-following models. Specifically, the DDPGvRT model has a spacing validation error of 18% and speed validation error of 5%, which are less than those of other models, including the intelligent driver model, models based on locally weighted regression, and conventional neural network-based models. Moreover, the DDPGvRT demonstrates good capability of generalization to various driving situations and can adapt to different drivers by continuously learning. This study demonstrates that reinforcement learning methodology can offer insight into driver behavior and can contribute to the development of human-like autonomous driving algorithms and traffic-flow models.     

乳化沥青冷再生配合比设计浅析

文章结合国道324线百色-平班路段路面大修工程冷再生技术配合比设计实践,介绍该工程乳化沥青冷再生配合比设计的过程和经验,为同类施工提供参考。     

浅谈箱形拱桥的维修与加固

文章针对目前钢筋混凝土悬链线箱形拱桥普遍存在的问题,介绍了采用粘贴钢板加固、改变结构受力体系、桥面补强层等3种方法,能有效地解决目前桥梁的维修和加固存在的问题。     

隧道开挖中的应力旋转和裂隙塑性变形问题研究

通过对隧道开挖过程进行三维数值模拟,分析了隧道开挖过程中主应力方向的旋转变化,研究了主应力旋转与隧道裂隙塑性变形的关系,验证了"考虑应力主轴旋转的广义塑性原理"的正确性,并将数值模拟结果和相关试验成果进行了对比,得出了一致性的结论。研究结果表明,应力旋转基本在隧道开挖前后10 m左右的距离内完成,隧道开挖过程中的应力旋转可以引起裂隙塑性变形的突变,且对竖向和斜向裂隙的影响较大;可以根据应力旋转的变化规律合理地选择支护时机,依据应力旋转对裂隙的影响对隧道的重点部位进行超前加固。     

寒冷地区沥青混合料弯拉特性分析

文章针对寒冷地区气侯的特殊性,运用沥青混合料弯曲试验方法,分析了温度、公称最大粒径、油石比、沥青种类等因素对寒冷地区沥青混合料弯拉特性的影响及作用规律。研究结果表明：混合料油石比在6.0%～7.0%范围内取值较适宜;SBR改性沥青混合料低温性能优势显著;多年冻土地区路面设计应该重视-10℃下沥青混合料的弯曲特性,提高沥青混合料的低温性能。