灰色关联分析的铁路客运服务水平评价体系研究

随着客运市场竞争日益增加,铁路客运服务面临着严重的压力.从运输产品、运输过程、联合运输、服务形象4个方面分析影响铁路客运服务水平的因素.建立评价体系,利用灰色关联分析方法,结合交通调查数据进行实例的应用分析.     

计算机联锁系统二乘二取二容错结构分析

针对计算机联锁系统的二乘二取二容错结构,基于马尔可夫模型,将各单元的失效率划分为几个独立的分量,根据每部分失效率对结构的影响,利用计算机对系统的可靠性和安全性进行分析和仿真计算.结果表明,二乘二取二容错结构满足铁路联锁系统高可靠性和高安全性要求.     

位图索引及其在数据仓库中的应用研究

介绍位图索引的原理及其在数据仓库中的应用,对位图索引的概念、特征、查询操作、编码压缩以及维护作了较为详细的描述,以便于在数据仓库中正确地使用位图索引,提高数据仓库的处理性能.     

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城市轨道交通网络是由轨道线路和车站组成的复杂网络,利用复杂网络理论探讨轨道线网的可靠性对提升其可达性和运营效率有重要意义. 采用space L方法对广州轨道交通网络进行了拓扑建模,计算分析了节点度、聚类系数、平均路径长度等指标及其分布规律,并重点研究了换乘车站故障情况下整个轨道交通网络受影响程度及可靠性. 结果表明,现阶段广州轨道交通网络呈现随机网络的特征,换乘车站发生运营故障将严重影响网络中的较长距离出行,降低轨道交通网络的客流吸引度,广州轨道交通网络在换乘车站故障后其全局效率降低,局部效率不变,车站之间的紧密程度较差.     

基于复合地层表征参数的盾构隧道地面沉降预测分析

隧道盾构掘进过程中,复合地层围岩的特殊性质通常难以明确地量化表征,却对地面沉降影响甚大。针对这一问题,引入地层复合指数作为描述复合地层特征复杂程度的表征参数。依托某工程隧道地层组段的多项物理力学参数的数据特征,提出将复合地层变形模量的加权变异系数设置为地层复合指数;应用有限层法理论,分析复合地层中盾构掘进的有效推力、水平位移以及地面沉降的理论计算值与复合指数的关联性;同时,结合盾构掘进贯入度,通过数据拟合得到地层复合指数、贯入度、地面最大沉降值三者之间的关系式。工程实例验证表明,地层复合指数可以有效预测复合地层的盾构隧道地面沉降。     

Optimum arrangement of braces in jacket platform based on strength and ductility

Nonlinear behavior of jacket platforms is important in both design and rehabilitation issues that depends on the bracing arrangement. Both ductility and strength of the structures derived from pushover analysis are highly related to configuration of the braces. Considering a suitable criterion such as constant weight or constant stiffness and period of the structure in all arrangement cases, one can compare the capacity curves and find the best configuration. In this paper a simple logical method for investigating the strength and ductility of the jacket structure is presented, it is shown that global geometry and configuration of the braces are very important and effective in both strength and ductility parameters. Three parameters, normalized strength, normalized ductility and a combination of these two parameters are defined in order to have an engineering and practical index for comparing the results. At the end of the numerical discussion, the optimum configuration can be found. Such an investigation is very important in the initial design stage. Also, in assessment of existing platforms, it is very important to find the reliable strength and ductility of the structure. Such a study gives a deep view of this issue as well.     

A reliability-based assignment method for railway networks with heterogeneous passengers

Travel reliability can play an important role in shaping travelers’ route choice behavior. This paper develops a railway passenger assignment method to capture the reliability-based route choices, where the trains can have stochastic delays. The overall travel reliability has two components: the travel time reliability (of trains) and the associated transfer reliability (of connections). In this context, mean-and-variance-based effective travel cost is adopted to model passengers’ evaluation of different travel options in the railway network. Moreover, passengers are heterogeneous as they may evaluate the effective travel cost differently, and they may have different requirements for the successful transfer probability (if transfers are involved in the trip). The determination of travel time reliability (of trains) is based on the travel delay distribution, and the successful transfer probability is calculated based on the delay probabilities of two trains in the transfer process. An algorithm has been designed for solving the model, and numerical examples are presented to test and illustrate the model.     

基于弹塑性理论的隧洞围岩稳定可靠度分析

在隧洞围岩稳定性分析中,运用可靠度理论比传统的安全系数法更符合实际。以圆形隧洞围岩的弹塑性分析的解析解为基础,建立圆形隧洞围岩稳定性分析的可靠度分析模型。考虑到功能函数的高度非线性,采用Fortran语言编制可靠指标的计算程序,并结合实例对可靠指标的影响因素进行分析。     

Application of multi-criteria decision analysis methods for assessing walkability: A case study in Porto Alegre,Brazil

The concept of walkability refers to the extent to which a neighbourhood is walking-friendly. Several walkability indexes have been developed to quantify and evaluate the pedestrian environment. These indexes differ in terms of type of data, methods and goals. The indexes variables may present either uniform or distinct weights, defined by arbitrary, empirical or other diverse weighting methods. This paper pursues the determination of a weighted walkability index, constructed on the basis of the relative importance of their attributes. Weights were determined by the application of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), a robust multi-criteria method which considers the experts’ uncertainty in decision making. Moreover, FAHP weights were compared with the attribute weights obtained from other simpler methods, and a chi-square test for homogeneity was computed to compare the obtained values. The three most important walkability attributes were: Public Security, Traffic Safety and Pavement Quality, similar results to the ones found in the literature. The application to a case study in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, allowed categorizing the studied neighbourhoods and to analyse the effect of changes on attributes in walkability.     

乙二醇型冷却液及其添加剂的应用现状分析

在介绍不同添加剂乙二醇型冷却液应用现状的基础上,讨论不同添加剂乙二醇型冷却液的优缺点,对乙二醇型冷却液性能指标进行分析,可为乙二醇型冷却液的研究和未来发展方向提供参考。