Influence of the aerodynamic forces on the pantograph–catenary system for high-speed trains

Most of the high-speed trains in operation today have the electrical power supply delivered through the pantograph–catenary system. The understanding of the dynamics of this system is fundamental since it contributes to decrease the number of incidents related to these components, to reduce the maintenance and to improve interoperability. From the mechanical point of view, the most important feature of the pantograph–catenary system consists in the quality of the contact between the contact wire of the catenary and the contact strips of the pantograph. The catenary is represented by a finite element model, whereas the pantograph is described by a detailed multibody model, analysed through two independent codes in a co-simulation environment. A computational procedure ensuring the efficient communication between the multibody and finite element codes, through shared computer memory, and suitable contact force models were developed. The models presented here are contributions for the identification of the dynamic behaviour of the pantograph and of the interaction phenomena in the pantograph–catenary system of high-speed trains due to the action of aerodynamics forces. The wind forces are applied on the catenary by distributing them on the finite element mesh. Since the multibody formulation does not include explicitly the geometric information of the bodies, the wind field forces are applied to each body of the pantograph as time-dependent nonlinear external forces. These wind forces can be characterised either by using computational fluid dynamics or experimental testing in a wind tunnel. The proposed methodologies are demonstrated by the application to real operation scenarios for high-speed trains, with the purpose of defining service limitations based on train and wind speed combination.     

电力机车受电弓发展综述

电力机车速度不断提高导致弓网电弧加剧,已经严重制约了高速铁路的发展.本文从受电弓的结构和滑板材料角度阐述国内外电力机车减小弓网电弧危害的现状以及发展,并分析了受电弓滑板的发展趋势.最后从电气角度分析了弓网电弧的产生机理,指出在现有的机械手段的基础上还应结合弓网电弧的电气特性进行研究,从而找到抑制和消除弓网电弧的方法.     

广州地铁二号线列车受电弓碳滑板异常磨耗分析

分析了可能造成广州地铁二号线列车受电弓碳滑板出现异常磨耗问题的原因,确定造成碳滑板异常磨耗的因素主要包括:接触网布置的均匀性及受电弓弓头结构、升弓保持力等。     

Dynamic assessment of existing soft catenary systems using modal analysis to explore higher train velocities: a case study of a Norwegian contact line system

Significant advances made on the rolling stock have considerably increased the possibility of higher speeds in existing railways. Thus, it is important to explore higher speeds and potential limiting factors of existing soft catenary systems. The present paper investigates procedures to assess the dynamic behaviour of these systems using response sampling and modal analysis. The assessment evaluates and quantifies dynamic response along the section. To verify the approach, a case study is conducted and the following assessment methods are used: lengthwise track correlation estimating dynamic predictability, power spectral density estimations before and after passage and short-time Fourier transforms and spectrograms. The combination provides detailed information on the dynamic behaviour. The first part introduces necessary considerations for suggested modal analysis. The second part describes an existing Norwegian section. The case study is conducted using a finite element model including a straight and a given section between Oslo-Trondheim, providing detailed evaluations and system limitation detections.     

120km/h地铁列车受电弓肘接部裂纹分析与改进

针对120 km/h地铁列车在运营过程中多次出现受电弓上框架肘接部位裂纹的现象,分析其故障原因,提出采用管对管焊接处加入加强筋板的改进方案。通过力学分析以及实践运用,验证了改进方案的有效性。     

‘Gasen-do FE’ statement of methods

Gasen-do FE is a simulation software for pantograph/catenary dynamic interaction analysis. Gasen-do FE is based on the non-linear finite element method, and its code is implemented in Matlab. This program corresponds to 2D and 3D models of simple and compound catenaries. Steady arms and catenary suspension equipments such as droppers and hangers are modelled as bar elements taking into consideration the tangential stiffness due to their geometrical non-linearity. It is possible to simulate the effect of slackening of droppers and hangers. This paper will introduce the computational algorithm of this program and the validation result by comparing with experimental data.     

CaPaSIM statement of methods

In the present paper, the method for calculation of the dynamic pantograph–catenary interaction developed by the Royal Institute of Technology and the Swedish National Rail/Road administration (Trafikverket) is described and the results of the benchmark exercise are discussed. The method is based on the commercial Finite Element software ANSYS. The geometry of the catenary and pantograph is defined in a pre-processor, BARTRAD, developed by Trafikverket, and is automatically translated into an ANSYS model. Basically all types of catenary systems could be handled as well as different types of non-linearity. There are both 2D and 3D versions of the code existing. The results achieved in this first stage of the benchmark are well in line with the results from the other partners in the benchmark study     

Pantograph and catenary system with double pantographs for high-speed trains at 350 km/h or higher

The paper is aimed at developing an optimized design of the pantograph and catenary system with double pantographs at a speed of 350 km/h for the Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway.First,the pantograph and catenary system for the Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway was analyzed to verify whether its design objective could be fulfilled.It shows that the system is not able to satisfy the requirement of a sustainable running speed of 350 km/h.Then a new scheme for the pantograph and catenary system is proposed ...     

一种匀弹性接触网

利用Mathieu方程，讨论弓网系统运动稳定运行的条件。结果显示：接触网弹性系数的均匀程度是弓网稳定运行的主要条件。如果能使接触网的弹性系数在整个接触网上都是均匀的，则这种接触网可以使受流速度理论上无限大。用桁架代替现有接触网的承力索，从根本上改变了接触网的悬链型特性，实现了接触网的匀弹性。这种接触网无速度上限，建造成本不高，日常维护容易。     

三水源新安江与相应涨差耦合模型的研究及应用

本文从河道非恒定流St．Venant方程组出发，应用水文预报中洪水时段涨差的基本概念，建立了河道洪水预报的相应涨差模型，与区间洪水预报的三水源新安江模型相耦合，建立了三水源新安江与相应涨差耦合模型。经在资水拓溪～桃江区间洪水预报中应用，效果较好。