胶层厚度不均匀对板式橡胶支座耐久性的影响

根据JT/T4—2004《公路桥梁板式橡胶支座》和JTG D62—2004《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》的要求,系统地研究、分析了板式橡胶支座胶层厚度大小和胶层厚度不均匀对支座力学性能及耐久性的影响。介绍了支座内部的应力集中现象和内部胶层裂纹萌生的过程及其测试结果。     

高烈度震区独塔斜拉桥减震优化设计

高烈度震区独塔斜拉桥在纵、横向地震作用下均需满足相应的抗震性能要求,以唐山市二环路上跨津山铁路独塔斜拉桥为例,该桥综合采用主塔处设置纵向粘滞阻尼器,辅助墩和边墩设置横向粘滞阻尼器的结构体系,分别抵御纵、横向地震。设计对阻尼系数和阻尼指数等进行了详细的参数分析;对合理横向抗震体系进行研究。研究表明:阻尼系数和阻尼指数应进行参数分析,并综合考虑梁端梁-墩相对位移、桥塔受力等合理选择。横向阻尼约束体系相对漂浮体系和固定体系更优。本桥减震设计体系合理,取得了很好的减震效果。     

新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁等效阻尼比计算方法

为确定新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁等效阻尼比的合理取值,基于阻尼等效前后复频率相等原则,利用复频率和组合结构材料阻尼比之间的关系,提出新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁各阶模态等效阻尼比计算方法.采用有限元软件建立3个新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁的动力分析模型,利用该方法计算得到该新型组合结构等效阻尼比并与实测结果进行对比.结果表明:采用该方...     

Sound Radiation Analysis of Damping Structure Based on Response Surface Method

The methods of modifying dimension and shape of structure, or covering damping material are effective to reduce structure-borne noise, while these methods are based on the knowledge of qualitative and quantitative relationship between sound radiation and design parameters. In order to decrease the complexity of the problem, response surface method(RSM) was utilized to analyze and optimize the vibro-acoustic properties of the damping structure. A simple case was illustrated to demonstrate the capabilities of the developed procedure. A structure-born noise problem was approximated by a series of polynomials using RSM. Three main performances were considered, i.e. sound radiation power, first order modal frequency and total mass. Consequently, the response surface model not only gives the direction of design modification, it also leads to an optimal design of complex systems.     

基于不完全模态测量数据的粘性阻尼矩阵的修正

在实际工程中,由有限元模型得到的计算值与通过试验获得的测量值之间往往存在偏差,为了能够精确预测结构的动力响应,依据测量模态数据修正存在的动力模型是非常必要的。本文考虑用不完备复模态测量数据修正粘性阻尼矩阵的问题。在假定分析质量矩阵与刚度矩阵是精确的情况下,通过求解一个约束最优化问题,得到了满足特征方程的加权Frobenius范数意义下的最优对称非负定修正矩阵。     

汽车车身模态分析实例研究

建立了某车型车身总成的有限元模型,基于线形广义特征值问题的矩阵摄动重分析公式, 得到了系统各阶固有频率及固有振型随结构质量和刚度的修改而变化的情况, 找到了对结构进行摄动修改的最灵敏位置。以频率及其振型为校正依据, 兼顾其他频率特征, 对车身有限元模型进行了修正。     

高速公路拼接段EPS轻质路堤现场试验研究

针对在深厚软弱地基上进行高速公路的拼接拓宽工程,新老路基之间将会产生差异沉降的特点,基于理论分析和差异沉降控制标准的要求,提出采用EPS超轻质硬泡沫塑料作为路堤填料,以达到减小路堤荷载和控制新老路基间差异沉降的目的,并依托具体工程实例对EPS轻质路堤的沉降变形特性进行了现场试验研究,揭示了现场实际加载条件下EPS的压缩特性和地基竖向沉降、水平位移、不同深度处土体孔隙水压力的变化规律,在对实测资料进行理论分析的基础上,提出了高速公路拼接拓宽工程EPS轻质路堤的设计方法,并依据现场实践对设计施工要点进行了总结。实践表明,EPS显著改善拓宽路堤的受力特性,减小新老路基间的差异沉降,在设计施工中应解决好EPS块体密度、上覆层厚度的选择,路基排水和地下水位的控制、EPS材料质量检验和控制以及施工放样等问题。     

某类雷达车车身地板附加结构阻尼层布置优化技术

车辆的振动舒适性不仅影响乘客的乘坐体验，对于雷达车等装载精密设备的特种车辆而言，车辆的振动噪声还会影响雷达的正常工作或降低指挥官间的沟通质量。车身附加结构阻尼是改善车辆乘坐舒适性的一种有效措施，以某类雷达车车身地板为研究对象，详细研究了附加结构阻尼层的布置优化方法，认为拓扑优化设计方法是附加结构阻尼层优化布置的有效方法。在此基础上进一步研究了附加自由阻尼层的局部约束化优化方法，探讨了局部约束化对自由阻尼层性能的影响。     

Support condition monitoring of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines in layered soil based on model updating

Monopile-supported offshore wind turbines (OWTs) are dynamically sensitive structures whose fundamental frequencies may be close to those of environmental and turbine-related excitations. The changes in fundamental frequencies caused by pile-soil interaction (PSI) may result in unwanted resonance and serious O&M (Operation and Maintenance) issues, which have been identified as major challenges in the research field. Therefore, a novel model updating framework with an implicit objective function is proposed to monitor both the stiffness and damping variation of the OWT system based on the measured vibration characteristics, which is further verified by laboratory tests. In particular, layered soil was considered in the tests to simulate the practical soil conditions of Chinese seas. Different pile lengths were introduced to consider the long-term PSI effects for rigid piles and slender piles. The results showed that the variation in the fundamental frequency is significantly reduced in layered soil compared with the pure sand scenario. For the OWT systems in layered soil, the variation in foundation stiffness is negatively related to the burial depth under cyclic loading. The proposed model updating framework is proven reliable for support condition monitoring of OWT systems in complicated soil conditions.     

Modeling and calculation of acoustic radiation of underwater stiffened cylindrical shells treated with local damping

Damping materials are widely used and playing an essential role in reducing the vibration and noise of various ships and underwater vehicles. In practical engineering, damping materials are often applied over the structural surface of ships and underwater vehicles. They are generally distributed not evenly in the whole area, but locally in some vital regions. The stiffened cylindrical shell is the most representative configuration for the main structure of underwater vehicles. Therefore, research on modeling and calculation of underwater acoustic radiation from stiffened cylindrical shells locally treated with damping has high practical value. This paper introduces a mixed analytical-numerical acoustic-vibration interaction method to achieve efficient calculation of the vibration and acoustic radiation from a locally damped cylindrical shell immersed in water. Two kinds of vibration and noise reduction measures are proposed for the damping treatment of a large-scale stiffened cylindrical shell structure. Calculation and analysis are carried out for both measures. The results can provide reference for developing the technology of reducing vibration and noise from ships and underwater vehicles via damping treatment.