加强施工企业工地文化建设的若干思考

工地文化是施工企业长期培育而成的一种价值观念和工地精神。介绍了施工企业工地文化建设的重要性。针对企业存在对工地文化建设的认识盲点，详细论述了工地文化的内涵与外延以及推进工地文化建设的主要途径，最后对工地文化建设需要把握的几个环节作一阐述。     

斜坡式防波堤堤心石动力特性试验研究

我国现行规范规定防波堤堤心材料为重量10～100 kg之间的块石,但实际工程往往很难达到这一重量范同的标准.如果利用重量范隔更大(如:1-800 kg)的块石作为堤心石,对整个斜坡堤的正常工作影响如何,同前国内对这方面的研究较少.因此,结合深水斜坡堤的丁程实例,利用模型试验,对不同重量范围的堤心石进行动力特性方面的研究.初步结论认为,1～800 kg块石作为堤心石,其动水压强较10～100 kg的值大,而静水压强较小.     

基于隧道断面面积变化的围岩稳定性判别

随着新奥法施工技术的广泛应用,围岩的动态变形越来越受到人们的关注。目前,我国主要是通过监测典型节点的位移来判断围岩变形的稳定性。典型节点的变形并不能代表整个围岩断面的变形状况,该方法存在一定的缺陷,因此提出采用隧道断面面积变化的方法来评价围岩变形的稳定性。采用突变理论数学方法计算Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级围岩在不同埋深条件下断面面积的变化值,得出面积变化的极限值,最终以此极限值作为判定围岩变形稳定的判据。     

辛泰线危岩落石整治

针对辛泰线危石、落石实际情况，结合《铁路路基设计规范》等相关规范、规则对产生危石、落石的原因进行分析并提出相应的综合整治措施。     

基于BP神经网络的隧道围岩分类

应用BP神经网络建立了隧道围岩分类模型,对其影响因素进行分析,并对模型进行优化,将训练好的分类模型运用到贵安隧道,为隧道围岩分类提供了一种简便可行的方法。     

基于Hoek-Brown模型的铁路隧道围岩分级研究

铁路是一种典型的带状交通工程,山区铁路往往穿越多种复杂的地质条件,地质勘察工作量大。为基于常规的地质调查,快速分析出沿线岩层的物理力学参数和围岩分级结果,基于Hoek-Brown强度准则,对岩体宏观物理力学参数进行反演预测,建立基于常规调查和室内试验的围岩宏观力学参数分级模型。同时,采用C#编制岩体宏观力学参数估算软件,应用该软件可以便捷地对岩体的多项宏观物理力学参数进行分析。通过模型各参数的敏感性分析,发现GSI的取值是影响隧道围岩物理力学参数的关键性指标,并重点对道扎子隧道围岩的宏观物理力学参数进行取值研究,基于分析结果对道扎子隧道混合岩地层的围岩进行快速分级,有效地指导工程设计。     

风沙地区铁路选线勘测中应关注的几个问题

风沙地区铁路工程的选线和勘测是铁路修建前期工作中很重要的阶段。结合乌锡线的勘测及施工经历，通过实例总结了风沙地区铁路前期选线中，地质勘察的一般方法和应引起重视的几个问题，使勘测工作能为铁路工程的设计提供可靠资料。     

Identification of potential sites for deep-ocean waste isolation with a geographic site-selection model

Identification of optimal sites for the isolation of waste on the abyssal seafloor was performed with two approaches: by the traditional method of map overlays of relevant attributes, and by a specially developed, automated Site-Selection Model (SSM). Five initial, Surrogate Sites, identified with the map-overlay approach, were then compared with the more rigorously produced scores from the SSM. The SSM, a process for optimization of site locations, accepts subjective, expert-based judgments and transforms them into a quantitative, reproducible, and documented product. The SSM is adaptable to any siting scenario. Forty-one factors relevant to the isolation scenario, including 21 weightable factors having a total of 123 scorable categories, have been entered into the SSM. Factors are grouped under project definition, unique environments, anthropogenic, geologic, biologic, weather, oceanographic and distance criteria. The factor scores are linked to a georeferenced database array of all factors, corresponding to 1°×1° latitude–longitude squares. The SSM includes a total of 2241 one-degree squares within 1000 n.m. of the U.S. coasts, including the western North Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, and the eastern North Pacific. Under a carefully weighted and scored scenario of isolation, the most favorable sites identified with the SSM are on the Hatteras and Nares Abyssal Plains in the Atlantic. High-scoring sites are also located in the Pacific abyssal hills province between the Murray and Molokai Fracture Zones. Acceptable 1° squares in the Gulf of Mexico are few and of lower quality, with the optimum location on the northern Sigsbee Abyssal Plain. Two of the five Surrogate Site locations, on the Hatteras and Sigsbee Abyssal Plains, correspond to the best SSM sites in each ocean area. Two Pacific and a second Atlantic Surrogate Site are located in low-scoring regions or excluded by the SSM. Site-selection results from the SSM, although robust, are an initial attempt to quantify the site-selection process. The SSM database exposes a significant lack of high-quality information for many areally mappable attributes on the abyssal seafloor, particularly bottom-current speed and measures of biologic productivity and flux. Terminologies and classifications of some measures, such as sediment types, suffer from parochialism and vary by ocean. Considerable research is needed even for a broad understanding of the environmental measures required to make sound societal decisions about use of the abyssal seafloor for disposal or other purposes.     

温度对旋转钻进破岩功耗的影响研究

岩石在常温、常压下的变形破坏理论已非常成熟，但随着钻探深度不断的增加，岩石将要面临高地温、高围压的环境，这些因素将直接影响钻进过程。通过研究旋转钻进过程中能量的传递转移，建立岩石破碎的简化模型，利用单位体积破岩能耗来探究温度对钻进过程的影响。研究结果表明:随着钻进深度的增加，在一定的围压作用下，温度升高而岩石的弹性模量却逐渐减小，压入深度随温度升高呈抛物线形上升，破岩功耗随温度呈曲线上升，并在经过阀值温度400℃后趋于平缓。     

客运专线隧道大断面软弱围岩施工存在的问题及对策

 随着铁路客运专线的大规模发展，将会不断遇到软弱围岩大断面隧道的施工问题，针对目前我国客运专线隧道大断面软弱围岩施工的现状，分析了施工中存在的主要技术问题，并提出了相应的对策,以期对目前在建和拟建的隧道工程提供参考和借鉴。