国外动车组受电弓的气动噪声介绍

介绍了动车组受电弓气动噪声的产生机理,在此基础上阐述了日本新干线动车组受电弓为降低其气动噪声而采用的措施,和德国ICE动车组的受电弓设计依据和试验结果的对比,根据国外动车组受电弓情况总结了减少动车组受电弓气动噪声所采取的措施,简单介绍了最近几年有关降低动车组受电弓气动噪声的相关研究成果,主要是进一步改进受电弓的弓角和弓头。     

基于柔刚体模型的高速车轮振动辐射噪声研究

随着轨道车辆速度的不断提升,其运行噪声已成为城市噪声的主要来源之一,在传统的动力学模型基础上,引入了柔性轮对模块,将车轮辐射噪声与模态结合起来,并对车轮结构进行优化设计,以期为低噪声车轮的研究提供参考依据。     

广深线石龙地区准高速铁路开通前后铁路环境噪声冲击指数

广深线准高速铁路是我国第一条准高速铁路，其开通前后铁路环境噪声对居民影响程度必将产生变化。通过现场测试，采用铁路环境噪声冲击指数，分析评价准高速铁路对环境噪声的实际影响。结果表明，广深线准高速铁路开通后，石龙镇敏感地段铁路环境噪声冲击指数有所下降，高噪声居民下降率昼间约为２２．６％，夜间约为２３．２％。     

舰船噪声特性数据库系统的设计和实现

描述了舰船噪声数据库系统的总体设计和详细设计，系统功能模块，还包括系统配置、开发平台、数据库管理系统等。     

抛丸清砂机噪声的产生与治理

抛丸清砂机在利用压缩空气做功时发出强烈的喷注噪声，同时它在工作中又会产生较强的撞击噪声。本文论述了喷注噪声和撞击噪声的不同类型、产生机理。经消声、隔声等声学措施后，进风口和工人操作点的噪声强度分别降低３３和１０ｄＢ（Ａ）以上，达到了预期的效果。     

非线性横摇跳跃现象的预报方法

船舶在波浪中的大角度横摇运动、本质上是非线性振动问题。本文以非线性振动理论中的平均法为基础,推演了船模非线性横摇运动的幅频和相频曲线的计算公式,可预报其跳跃现象。与应用新型可控力矩式横摇激振装置的船模试验结果相比较,一致性较好。     

关于高频开关电源的干扰及对抗措施

本文较为详细地分析了高频开关电源产生的电磁噪声及其对自身和邻近电子设备造成的干扰，并提出了一些抑制干扰的措施。实践证明，这些措施是行之有效的。     

船用柴油机排气冷却降噪装置性能仿真与实验研究

在特定情况下,船用大功率柴油机排气温度和噪声会受到严格限制,为解决这一问题,考虑在柴油机后安装冷却降噪装置.现应用湍流气粒两相流动的计算流体力学理论,对冷却降噪装置的冷却效果及阻力特性进行仿真计算,计算结果和试验吻合较好.     

发动机节气门体异响原因分析及解决措施

某发动机在进行台架试验时出现了节气门体处有异响的现象,为了解决此问题,文章详细分析了可能造成节气门体处出现异响的原因,并通过试验对比等手段进行逐一验证。结果表明:造成异响的原因是节气门体处步进电机的金属防尘罩在振动及气流的影响下与弹簧摩擦而产生异响,通过把金属防尘罩改成塑料防尘罩,避免出现金属与金属之间的摩擦,解决了节气门体处异响的问题。     

A study on high-speed rolling contact between a wheel and a contaminated rail

A 3-D explicit finite element model is developed to investigate the transient wheel–rail rolling contact in the presence of rail contamination or short low adhesion zones (LAZs). A transient analysis is required because the wheel passes by a short LAZ very quickly, especially at high speeds. A surface-to-surface contact algorithm (by the penalty method) is employed to solve the frictional rolling contact between the wheel and the rail meshed by solid elements. The LAZ is simulated by a varying coefficient of friction along the rail. Different traction efforts and action of the traction control system triggered by the LAZ are simulated by applying a time-dependent driving torque to the wheel axle. Structural flexibilities of the vehicle–track system are considered properly. Analysis focuses on the contact forces, creepage, contact stresses and the derived frictional work and plastic deformation. It is found that the longitudinal contact force and the maximum surface shear stress in the contact patch become obviously lower in the LAZ and much higher as the wheel re-enters the dry rail section. Consequently, a higher wear rate and larger plastic flow are expected at the location where the dry contact starts to be rebuilt. In other words, contact surface damages such as wheel flats and rail burns may come into being because of the LAZ. Length of the LAZ, the traction level, etc. are varied. The results also show that local contact surface damages may still occur as the traction control system acts.