铁道车辆热轴与红外线轴温探测角度探讨

介绍了客货车转向架上与红外线轴温探测相关的构件的外部形状和尺寸，论述了适合我国铁路列车提速、货车重栽的红外线轴温探测角度和实际运用结果。     

利用切线特征点对圆柱体的精确测量方法

该文利用切线特征点对圆柱体的精确测量方法和全站仪配合棱镜对晚1柱体定位方法傲了具体比较,然后介绍了利用切线特征点对圆柱体的精确测量方法的理论依据和操作过程.     

静水中水面倾覆船舶打捞的力学分析

水面倾覆船舶的打捞过程是一项非常复杂的海上打捞作业。主要研究静水中水面倾覆船舶的打捞问题。首先对其进行稳性计算，然后初步规划出打捞方案，再对打捞过程进行力学分析。采用起吊能力较大的浮置起重机作为主要打捞工具，同时装配甲板滑车来支撑和稳定船舶。对打捞过程中船舶的水动力特性及起吊力的计算，运用matlab工具实现数值仿真。最后对计算结果进行分析。     

PREDICATING THE “WITS” APPRAISAL FROM THE ANB ANGLE

Objective In order to explore the relationship between the “Wits" appraisal and the ANB angle, and to see how accurately one can predict the “Wits”. Methods Given the ANB, lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken on 50 boys and 50 girls between the ages of 11～13. Results Each subject had no treatment either a Class Ⅰ or Class Ⅱ malocclusion, a good growth pattern. Group Ⅰ , 13 subjects of 100 had ANB≤1.5°, and negative “Wits” appraisal; group Ⅱ , 61 subjects had 5.8°＞ANB＞1.5°, and “Wits” appraisal either positive or negative; group Ⅲ , 26 subjects had ANB angle≥5.8°, and positive “Wits” appraisal. Statistically analysis showed that there was no sig nificant difference in sex (P＞0.05); there was significant correlation between the ANB and “Wits” values in the group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P ＜0. 05); there was statistical significance in regression analysis in the group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ (P ＜0. 05). We could predict the “Wits” with 21％ accuracy in group Ⅱ. Conclusion The results indicate that these figures are statistically significant but clinically irrelevant.     

剪切速率对粉质粘土抗剪强度的影响

通过对宁波粉质粘土固结快剪试验结果的分析可以看出,剪切速率对宁波粉质粘土固结快剪的摩擦角影响很大,剪切速率较大时,摩擦角较小;剪切速率相对较小时,摩擦角相对较大。对剪切速率比较敏感的粉质粘土在做固结快剪试验时,应采用较大的剪切速率。     

On the scattering of test data and the significance of the standard coefficients ‘dynamic stiffness’ and ‘loss angle’ for hydraulic engine mounts

Based on the test results, a study on the scattering of the standard coefficients c _dyn and δ within the test cycles on a standard testing machine as well as within the samples of a batch of hydraulic engine mounts is performed; furthermore, an estimate for the systematic error caused by the testing machine is given. By a simulated example, the pronounced sensitivity of the response of the engine to the scattering of c _dyn and δ as well as to even small deviations of the hysteresis curves for otherwise identical values of the standard coefficients is demonstrated. As a main result, it is found that the most important source of uncertainty is scattering within the batch, which, in conjunction with the observed sensitivity of the response of the engine, raises the question for the meaningful level of sophistication of a model for predictive purposes.     

Estimation of wheel–rail friction for vehicle certification

In certification of new rail vehicles with respect to running characteristics, a wide variety of operating conditions needs to be considered. However, in associated test runs the wheel–rail friction condition is difficult to handle because the friction coefficient needs to be fairly high and the friction is also generally hard to assess. This is an issue that has been studied in the European project DynoTRAIN and part of the results is presented in this paper. More specifically, an algorithm for estimating the wheel–rail friction coefficient at vehicle certification tests is proposed. Owing to lack of some measurement results, the algorithm here is evaluated in a simulation environment which is also an important step towards practical implementation. A quality measure of the friction estimate is suggested in terms of estimated wheel–rail spin and total creep. It is concluded that, tentatively, the total creep should exceed 0.006 and the spin should be less than 1.0 m^?1 for the algorithm to give a good friction estimate. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to imitate measurement errors, but should be expanded in further work.     

基于生产降本提效的船舶焊缝设计优化

为降低生产成本及提高施工效率,结合现有生产工艺的特点,通过研究入级船级社规范对焊缝设计的要求,考虑焊缝设计的经济性及可操作性,建立有效的焊缝设计优化工作机制,在详细设计阶段和生产设计阶段实现焊缝设计优化。优化的焊缝设计可充分利用现有资源,减少额外的生产投入,降低生产综合成本。将降低施焊难度及推广自动焊的设计理念融入焊缝设计中,在提高焊接效率的同时,产品焊缝的焊接质量特别是外观成形质量可得到保证,减少焊缝的补焊及打磨工作,提高产品的整体生产效率。     

斜井盾构推进系统的栽头调整能力研究

为降低斜井掘进过程中盾构推进系统在栽头调整上存在的主观性与不确定性,从地基沉降量的角度入手,提出栽头的沉降量描述,并基于温克尔弹性地基模型,建立斜井盾构栽头的沉降量描述模型。然后结合载荷对于栽头调整的影响,进一步建立用于描述斜井盾构推进系统栽头调整能力的数学模型,并给出其上下限值的计算条件。基于栽头调整能力的数学模型,以内蒙古新街台格庙煤矿斜井工程为背景,研究隧道设计坡角变化对栽头调整能力的影响。结果表明： 1）随着下坡角度不断增大,推进系统的栽头调整能力的上下限不断下降; 2）随着下坡角度不断增大,盾构下滑力的迅速增长是造成推进系统栽头调整能力不断下降的主要原因。