如何防治公路建设中的水土流失

分析了公路建设中水土流失的原因，针对不同情况预测了可能产生水土流失的危害并提出了水土保持的措施。     

杭州湾跨海大桥70 m预应力混凝土箱梁用海工耐久混凝土的试验研究

通过平板抗裂试验,研究了海工耐久混凝土的早期抗裂性,采用RCM法研究了海工耐久混凝土抗氯离子渗透的能力。结果表明,使用P.Ⅱ42.5(R)硅酸盐水泥、Ⅱ区中砂、5~25 mm碎石、Ⅰ级或Ⅱ级低钙粉煤灰、粒化高炉矿渣粉及新一代高性能高效减水剂,可以配制出C 50~C 60海工耐久混凝土。     

复突触神经网络模型及其稳定性研究

传统的Hopfield网络在联想记忆、优化计算方面发挥了重要作用,但该网络存在一个弊端,即它只能处理线性或二次的最优化问题。因此,本文首先对Hopfield神经网络进行了扩展,将其称为复突触神经网络(或模型),扩展的网络不仅可以解决目标函数或约束中含有高阶的最优化问题,而且还可以处理目标函数含有对数、三角形式等较复杂函数的最优化问题;然后给出了该网络稳定的充分条件并给出了证明,同时对网络中的权矩阵是否对称也进行了讨论;最后结合典型的模糊c均值聚类问题验证了该模型的有效性。     

Reliability-based calibration of fatigue design guidelines for ship structures

A simple reliability-based framework is applied to calibrate a new set of fatigue design guidelines. This new guideline considers two different approaches for the assessment of both loads, stresses and local stress raising effects, and partial safety factors must be given for any combination of these approaches. For the calibration, the lognormal reliability format is adopted because the hereby-derived partial safety factors can be combined arbitrarily. This means that with a few basic partial safety factors, the combination of partial safety factors to be applied together with any combination of calculation approaches can be determined easily. In the present paper both the adopted reliability format, the applied modeling of uncertainties and the selected target safety index are explained. Based on this, a new guideline is calibrated and the derived partial safety factors are presented. Finally, the new guideline is applied through a numerical example in order to show the applicability of the calibrated partial safety factors, and satisfactory results are found.     

Dynamic Simulation of a Smart Crank and Slider Mechanism

In this paper, a smart crank and slider mechanism is analyzed mostly from a dynamic view. By means of dynamic explicit finite element method, 3D nonlinear structure is simulated. It is proved that the mechanism can effectively accomplish smart movement prescribed. And in order to ensure reciprocal movement with higher frequency, measures should be taken to avoid over heating of parts. Compared with internal energy, kinetic energy of total rigid body is dominating, and Y direction equivalent rigid velocity is much higher than X direction velocity. Equivalent rigid velocity of all parts is consistent with respective movement condition. For both energy and velocity, slider effect is dominating. Three direction equivalent inertia force oscillates. Force amplitude in Y -direction is comparitively the greatest.     

应用复合梁单元实现钢管混凝土拱桥的极限承载力分析

进行大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥的极限承载力分析,需要综合考虑几何和材料非线性、混凝土收缩和徐变、温度变化等多种因素的影响。本文从固体力学的基本理论出发,建立适于考虑上述诸多因素的复合梁单元,阐述了基于该单元的钢管混疑土拱桥极限承载力分析程序的实现方法,并通过与一个哑铃形截面钢管混凝土组合式拱肋极限承载力试验结果的对比验证了其可行性。     

Mobile phone use while driving: public opinions on restrictions

This paper reviews two road-user surveys on the use of mobile phones on the road in Finland where the mobile phone ownership rate is highest in the world (70% in August 2000). From 1998 to 1999 the proportion of drivers that chose to use a mobile phone while driving rose from 56% to 68%, while the proportion of phone using drivers who experienced dangerous situations due to phone use rose from 44% to 50%. The proportion of drivers who used their phones in some way to benefit safety on the road remained at about 55%. The youngest, novice drivers had the highest level of phone usage of all age categories. Over 48% of the interviewees believed that the government should ban the use of hand-held mobile phones while driving, and another 27% believed that all types of mobile phone use should be banned while driving. Those drivers who used their phones the most each day were more likely to want some form of restrictions, than those who had lower usage. This is a strong message to the elected lawmakers and raises the problem of exactly how regulatory bodies would go about controlling the future growth of new driver support and non-driving related communication devices in road vehicles. It was concluded that legislating for hands-free use only would be a reasonable course of action. Mandating that the current generation of equipment should be optimized for hands-free use should result in future generations of in-vehicle equipment also being optimized for hands-free use as a minimum criterion.     

1-50m钢混结合梁施工过程中的稳定性分析

利用SAP84计算程序和根据设计规范手算相结合 ,对 15 0m钢混结合梁施工过程中开口截面钢梁的稳定性进行分析比较 ,介绍建模及计算过程 ;同时根据计算结果 ,揭示结构的薄弱环节 ,并依此检验为防止结构失稳而采取的结构构造措施     

200km/h客货共线单线隧道内接触网设计探讨

通过对遂渝线单线隧道内接触网悬挂的介绍,探讨了以新的设计方式进行速度200 km/h客货共线隧道内接触网平面设计的方法,并通过遂渝线情况的研究,对下一步的设计提出了建议。     

对我国建设工程索赔机制运行有关问题的探讨

索赔机制及其运行是实现索赔的重要保证。文章通过对索赔机制的定义及构成分析,阐释了索赔机制的本质及运行影响因素。据此,对我国索赔机制运行中的困境及原因做了剖析,提出了完善我国索赔机制、改善索赔环境的具体措施和建议。