天津永和大桥合龙段拆除后的主梁线形调整

天津永和大桥为5孔一联、主孔跨径260m、双塔双索面、塔墩固结、连续呈漂浮体系的Pc斜拉桥。与中跨合龙段置换相匹配,利用拆除合龙段后形成两半桥的时机,通过调索来改善主梁线形是国内既有PC斜拉桥维修的一个先例。通过对比分析合龙段拆除后状态与原桥竣工状态在桥面线形、索力等结构性能上的差异,并依据中跨合龙段拆除前已然存在的中跨局部下挠量,确立了主梁线形调整的目标和调索幅度,利用平面杆系有限元计算分析拟定并优选了调索方案,提出了主梁线形调整的施工控制原则。施工监测结果表明,所有调索步骤完成后,主梁线形调整最终达到了预期目标,调整后的索力更趋于均匀,调整过程兼顾了主梁混凝土应力、塔位以及劲性骨架轴力的变化,保证了结构的安全．     

波纹钢板加固盾构隧道衬砌管片抗弯性能试验研究

为提高既有隧道结构承载力及刚度,对盾构隧道衬砌管片进行波纹钢板加固,并采用足尺试验方法,对2块加固管片与1块未加固管片进行2点抗弯加载,分析加固管片的受力过程、破坏模式以及加固机制,并对其加固效果进行总体评价。试验结果表明： 1）波纹钢板加固是一种有效的加固方法,可以有效提高管片极限抗弯承载力及刚度; 2）加固后管片破坏模式为斜截面受剪破坏; 3）加固钢板与管片界面间存在较大剪切应力与径向剥离应力,应设置有效的抗剪及抗剥离构造措施。     

钢筋锈蚀对上海地铁盾构隧道纵缝接头抗弯力学性能影响研究

为研究钢筋锈蚀后上海地铁盾构隧道纵缝接头抗弯力学性能退化规律,基于地铁盾构隧道环境条件及空间分布,对管片进行氯盐侵蚀加速钢筋锈蚀试验,并以此为基础进行纵缝接头正弯矩足尺试验。建立纵缝接头三维数值精细化计算模型,并分析钢筋锈蚀影响下地铁盾构隧道纵缝接头的力学性能退化状况。对足尺试验和数值计算结果进行对比分析,结果表明： 1）在正弯矩作用下,钢筋锈蚀后纵缝接头的变形规律具有明显的阶段性特征。足尺试验中,纵缝接头变形可以划分为3个阶段。数值计算中,可定义6个特征点,纵缝接头变形划分为7个阶段。2）纵缝接头变形前6个阶段,钢筋锈蚀对主要变形特征值无明显影响。至最后一个阶段,随着钢筋锈蚀层厚度的增加,螺栓应变及极限承载力均减小。螺栓应变最大值减幅较大,极限承载力减幅较小。3）钢筋锈蚀后纵缝接头在正弯矩作用下,主要破坏形式为螺栓拉弯、端肋被拉断、外表面边缘混凝土剥离及压碎。     

新型装配式衬砌技术在地铁隧道的应用研究

为研究新型装配式衬砌技术及其配套施工设备的应用,基于北京地铁6号线西延07标工程,对装配式管片拼装设备的组成、功能进行简述,介绍新型装配式衬砌技术在项目的应用情况,对新型装配式衬砌施工技术及其配套设备的特点进行总结。研究结果表明： 1）采用装配式管片拼装设备,可保证隧道施工质量; 2）采用装配式管片拼装设备,在大幅度提高施工进度的同时,施工人员可减少2/3以上; 3）装配式管片拼装设备可实现小竖井始发,显著提高隧道施工的机械化及自动化水平; 4）新型装配式衬砌技术有待进一步提高并推广应用。     

基于CATIA软件的楔形盾构隧道管片参数化建模与排版

为提高楔形盾构隧道管片拼装拟合设计效率,基于达索CATIA V6软件平台,分析管片几何结构模型建模与隧道设计曲线拟合原理。通过盾构管片参数换算,建立楔形盾构隧道管片环参数化建模标准库,设计函数运算关系并编辑脚本,然后以局部坐标系转换的方式实现隧道曲线参数化拟合,编写排版拟合程序,并应用排版程序分析不同楔形量对通用楔形盾构管片隧道曲线拟合精度的影响。最后,依托杭州市艮山快速路下沙段提升改造工程,对工程初设中直径为14 m的盾构管片进行建模排版模拟,结果表明排版程序计算结果满足工程需求,能为实际工程提供一定依据。     

南昌市洪都大道高架桥节段梁结构设计

洪都大道高架桥为在国内城市桥梁中首次全面采用预制节段拼装箱梁技术。设计提出标准等宽段采用墩梁固结、体外束为主预应力体系的大悬挑横梁双箱节段梁结构,变宽段采用支座体系、“分箱室、变挑臂”变宽度节段梁结构,是根据城市桥梁特点提出的新型节段梁结构,均属国内首次。对节段梁结构设计、超高渐变段设计、设计标准化、全寿命周期设计等设计要点,以及节段梁工厂化预制、快速化施工工艺进行研究并提出相应对策,达到桥梁造型美观、受力合理、经济环保、施工便捷的目的,在计划工期内顺利建成通车,取得良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

中心城区新建高架桥上部结构选型研究

随着城市的快速发展,建设完善的快速交通系统是城市功能发挥最为重要的保障。然而,在中心城区建设高架快速路面临的限制条件更加复杂。结合南昌市洪都大道快速路改造工程,对常见高架上部结构形式进行受力性能、施工工艺及景观效果等方面的对比,最终选取了节段预制拼装箱梁方案,同时对节段拼装施工过程进行详细介绍。在洪都大道采用节段预制拼装箱梁效果较好,可为其他中心城区的结构选型提供参考。     

体外预应力节段预制胶拼梁抗弯极限承载能力模型试验研究

为研究体外预应力节段预制胶拼梁的抗弯极限承载能力和破坏模式,以某3×30m一联连续箱梁桥为背景,以偏不利的实桥中跨为研究对象,根据相似理论,设计制作了一跨缩尺比为1∶3的10m简支工字型试验梁,按照设计承载能力极限状态跨中最大正弯矩荷载组合和活载超载2个阶段进行了分级加载试验。结果表明:跨中最大正弯矩工况下,梁体强度和刚度满足设计要求,结构整体受压,处于弹性受力状态;超载工况下,梁体底板逐渐消压,跨中附近接缝截面底板开裂,随后裂缝逐渐变宽并竖直向上延伸,直至荷载超过接缝截面抗力设计值后,顶板局部混凝土压碎,而钢绞线未屈服;体外预应力节段预制胶拼梁具有较大的抗弯极限承载能力,可能发生的破坏模式为跨中附近接缝截面顶板混凝土受压破坏。     

Methods of dropping auxiliary lanes at freeway weaving segments

Auxiliary lanes connecting freeway entrance and exit ramps provide additional space for entering and exiting vehicles to change lanes. The method of dropping auxiliary lanes is critical in the design of freeway auxiliary lanes. This study investigates the performance of different methods of dropping auxiliary lanes. Case studies were conducted at two selected freeway segments with successive entrance or exit ramps in the City of Houston. Traffic simulation analysis results of these two case studies show that additional operational benefits can be achieved by extending an auxiliary lane beyond the freeway weaving segment. The study also found that if the weaving segment is followed by an entrance/exit ramp and this ramp has high traffic volume, it can be less operationally favorable to extend and terminate the auxiliary lane at this entrance/exit ramp location. Instead, dropping the auxiliary lane before this entrance/exit ramp represents a more operationally effective option.     

Distribution Laws of Earth Pressure Acting on a Shield Tunnel Based on Measured Data北大核心CSCD

The earth pressure acting on a shield tunnel is intrinsically related to synchronous grouting, the position of the shield machines, the rigidity of the segment and stratum, etc. Existing theoretical formulas and empirical methods couldn′t exactly reflect the actual state of the segment of a shield tunnel during construction due to the com⁃plexities mentioned above. Based on earth pressure data measured at 52 monitoring sections in 35 tunnels, the distri⁃bution laws and influential factors are analyzed. The results show that: 1) the earth pressure scope is 0 to 400 kPa for over 90% of the total samples, but is recommended to be 0.3 to 0.4 MPa for the empirical grouting pressure; 2)the earth pressure on the segment and the buried depth approximately have an exponential relationship, with the dif⁃ference between the max. earth pressure and the stable earth pressure decreasing with an increase of the buried depth; 3) the lateral pressure coefficient range is 0.5 to 2.3, which is partially out of the scope of recommended values(0.5 to 1.0) of surrounding rock of grade Ⅵ, so it is not appropriate to follow the recommended values in the specifi⁃cation; 4) the relationship of the earth pressure and the segment/soil stiffness ratio presents a quadratic function, and the most reasonable value for the stiffness ratio of the segment/soil is 1.0; and 5) there are four typical stages of the spatial distribution of earth pressure on a segment in clay stratum—the erection stage, the grouting influence stage,the consolidation contraction stage and the recovery stage, with the distribution of the circumferential earth pressure being asymmetrical. The distribution curves of the earth and water pressure in sand and soil layers are classified as a“weak decay pulse fluctuation”and“double hump,”respectively. After stabilizing, the circumferential earth pressure is notably in a symmetrical distribution, and the water pressure exhibits a light bulb shaped distribution (large at the lower part and small at the upper part). These conclusions provide a reference for studying the mechanism of earth pressure functions and perfecting the design of segments for shield tunnelling. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.