软弱地基桥台台背填筑EPS的结构分析

对利用EPS填筑软基上桥台台背的结构进行分析,探求解决软土地基上桥台台背填筑的技术问题。首先,对EPS块体以及混凝土和EPS结合体进行应力与应变分析,从理论上说明实现减少路面沉降的可行性;然后,进行软基上桥台台背填筑EPS的结构分析,说明采用EPS填筑路基可以从根本上解决桥路的差异沉降与路堤的残余沉降,达到防止桥头跳车以及台后填土与地基住移时桥台的侧向作用的目的。     

绿化修剪车避障工作装置运动学分析

以绿化修剪车的工作装置为研究对象,通过矩阵分析法建立了工作臂矢量运动方程,完成了机械臂的运动学分析。同时,运用ADAMS对绿化修剪车的工作装置进行了运动学仿真,得到了绿化修剪车触杆的运动包络图和割草机触杆末端的位移、速度及加速度,验证了机械臂数学模型的正确性。最后,根据绿化修剪车工作装置的实际运动情况和仿真结果,推算出绿化修剪车的最大作业速度和避障时间,为后续液压系统设计和工作臂的控制设计提供了理论依据。     

基于正则化与B样条曲线的桥梁影响线识别方法

为了快速评估既有桥梁的安全性，研究了基于多源实测信息快速准确识别桥梁影响线的方法。首先利用桥梁动力响应及车辆移动的实测信息，建立影响线识别的数学模型。在模型中引入Tikhonov正则化方法以解决病态矩阵求解问题，通过设置罚函数项以取得较光滑并贴近真实的影响线。然后通过基函数扩展法重构影响线，将其表示为一系列三次B样条基函数的线性组合，从而将问题从识别众多影响线因子简化为识别少量基函数权重系数。为了验证上述方法的可行性，先在实验室模拟钢制试验小车在钢筋混凝土三跨连续梁模型上移动的过程。基于实测布置于梁底的多测点挠度和应变响应时程以及相应的试验车信息，可识别出不同位置测点的挠度和应变影响线。试验结果表明无论是影响线的总体形状还是局部峰值，识别解与基准解均能较好地吻合。该方法还被进一步应用到一座简支现浇预应力混凝土箱梁桥。该试验通过实测检测车过桥期间的桥梁跨中截面若干测点的动应变、动挠度以及车辆重力、实时位置等信息，准确识别了对应于不同车道的挠度和应变影响线。通过对比桥梁静载实测和影响线虚拟加载结果，发现两者偏差绝对值在5%以内。在一定程度上表明了该影响线识别方法具有较高精度，并具备工程应用的良好潜力。     

一种水下目标识别方法──基于模糊理论的多种神经网络融合分类

在应用多种方法提取目标噪声中分类特征的研究基础上,本文设计出基于模糊理论的多神经网络融合分类器,其研究重点主要包括有监督分类的模糊聚类神经网络分类、多神经网络与模糊综合分析相结合的融合分类。基于大量海试实测信号样本的多组实验表明,该分类方法具有良好的工程应用前景。     

马来西亚达道河口潮汐分析

根据实例潮位资料,对达道河口潮位进行潮汐调和计算分析和理论最低潮位计算,得出该河口地区潮汐特征.     

An integrated assessment of alternative land-based passenger transport policies: A case study in Tenerife

Over recent decades, there have been numerous cases of land-based transport policies that have lacked clear and coherent strategies. This has not only hampered the resolution of issues like road congestion, but has also created new ones (e.g. strong social opposition to new train infrastructures). The absence of such strategies highlights the need for long-term transport policies with a wider vision of the issues, since land-based transport cannot be considered from just a technical perspective.The main objective of this article is to implement a participatory integrated approach to facilitate the understanding of land-based passenger transport governance issues on Tenerife, in the Canary Islands. Relevant policy issues and alternatives are identified by the stakeholders involved. The inclusion of stakeholders in the assessment process is crucial to frame transport governance issues appropriately and to define and assess plausible policy alternatives. This assessment process even included a final step of validation of the results by stakeholders to foster discussion among them about transport issues and policy alternatives.Finally, due to the obstructive role played by some stakeholders in influencing past transport policies, an analysis of possible coalitions among stakeholders is also discussed.     

Marginal railway track renewal costs: A survival data approach

In this paper, renewal costs for railway tracks are investigated using survival analysis. The purpose is to derive the effect from increased traffic volumes on rail renewal cycle lengths and to calculate associated marginal costs. A flow sample of censored data containing almost 1300 observations on the Swedish main railway network is used. We specify Weibull regression models, and estimate deterioration elasticities for total tonnage as well as for passenger and freight tonnages separately. Marginal costs are calculated as a change in present values of renewal costs from premature renewal following increased traffic volumes. The marginal cost for total tonnage is estimated to approximately SEK 0.002 per gross ton kilometre.     

基于数据融合的公交客流规模测算方法

公交客流规模测算往往存在调查成本受限和准确度要求较高的矛盾.提出基于公交IC卡历史数据与人工补充调查数据的数据融合测算方法,以准确推算公交客流规模.首先根据公交线路的基本属性,采用聚类分析方法划分线路类型,从每一类中选择具有代表性的线路.基于IC卡数据分析公交客流时变特征,运用有序样本聚类Fisher算法将线路小时刷卡量进行聚类分析.划分刷卡量相似时段,进而采用优化方法确定调查抽样率,确定相应的调查车辆进行人工补充调查,最终经过数据融合计算获得公交客流规模.基于上海市某辖区IC卡数据进行案例分析,测算得到三类公交线路的日均客流量.     

天津西南环线铁路钢横梁框架墩设计

当前,新建铁路临近市区或车站地段,往往铁路密集、纵横交错,新建线路与既有铁路、公路小角度交叉的情况不可避免;加之临近车站时线路纵断面抬高困难,需严格限制上跨线路的结构建筑高度.钢横梁框架墩的建筑高度较低,而横向跨度相对较大,是此类工点较好的解决方案.本文介绍了钢横梁框架墩的结构特点,分析比较了不同的墩顶固结方式,并总结了设计注意事项.