Public transit subsidies, output effect and total factor productivity

This paper extends previous works on total factor productivity decomposition when firms receive both operating and capital subsidies. It shows that previous works considered either the lump-sum or substitution effects of these subsidies but not together. Using constrained cost minimization as the framework it offers formal proofs to show that cost increases are inevitable if the total effects of the subsidies are considered, and that total factor productivity growth results from increasing amounts of subsidies under economies of scale and in the absence of technical change. Applications of the decomposition equations derived to a sample of transit systems finds near constant returns to scale and negative contributions of these subsidies to total factor productivity growth. Technical change reverses this decline and results in total factor productivity growth. Further, it finds that the lump-sum effects of the subsidies reduce total factor productivity more than does the substitution effect.     

地基承载力的常用提法及其工程应用

地基承载力有多种提法,如容许承载力、极限承载力、承载力特征值、根据地基的荷载条件与土性指标计算的承载力、勘察单位在工程设计前提供的承载力等;明确各种地基承载力的工程意义,对应用是重要的.文章分析了获得各种常用承载力计算方法的前提条件,提出工程应用中应当注意的问题.对地基在垂直、水平荷载共同作用下的情况,给出了地基承载力的计算公式.为正确的应用各种提法的地基承载力提出了建议.     

奇异积分处理技术在低频声散射数值计算中的应用

针对散射声场的计算问题,将奇异积分处理技术应用于目标的低频声散射的数值计算、理论验模与仿真试验。若果表明,ka＜3时,新方法的仿真结果与解析值以及等价面元近似方法取得了较好的一致;而ka≥3时,新方法的仿真结耙要好于等价面元近似方法。     

基于奇异值分解和特征融合的镜头检测算法

镜头检测是基于内容的视频检索和浏览首先要解决的关键技术。对视频结构和镜头变换进行概述,对典型的镜头检测算法进行研究分析,并提出了一种基于奇异值分解和特征融合的镜头检测算法。通过子空间投影得到帧的重构矩阵,计算帧与其重构矩阵的奇异值差,结合直方图特征进行镜头检测。实验结果表明了所提算法在镜头检测方面的有效性。     

舰船雷达隐身的战术价值定量分析与计算

阐述了舰船雷达隐身的主要技术措施,分析了舰船雷达隐身对作战诸方面的影响和作用,建立了舰船雷达隐身的战术效用模型,分析计算了舰船雷达隐身后对发现距离、目标识别、导弹截获概率、质心干扰等4个方面的战术价值,这些模型和计算结果对隐身舰船在海上作战中的战术运用具有指导作用。     

68号汽轮机油对汽轮机调速器影响的试验研究

68号汽轮机油抗泡性能的好坏以及空气释放值的大小直接影响到汽轮机发电机组的调速器能否正常工作。该文认为为了能让调速器正常工作,应严格使用L-TSA(GB11120-89)68号优级汽轮机油。     

混凝土成熟度和氯离子扩散系数的相关性及在某工程中的应用

采用化学结合水法、氯离子快速测定法（RCM法）和混凝土成熟度测定法研究了56 d龄期内混凝土氯离子扩散系数和混凝土成熟度的关系。结果表明：混凝土氯离子扩散系数不仅随养护龄期的延长而降低,还随养护温度的升高而降低,延长养护龄期或提高养护温度均可提高胶凝材料的水化程度;室内养护混凝土试件的氯离子扩散系数与混凝土成熟度值之间呈幂函数关系,二者具有很好的相关性（R2=0.976）,利用室外养护混凝土试件的数据进行验证计算,其理论计算值与实测值具有较好的吻合性,可根据混凝土成熟度实测值预测出混凝土的氯离子扩散系数;在本工程中,沉管隧道接触海水时混凝土成熟度的推荐值为21064℃·h,控制边界值为13926℃·h,考虑外部养护温度和水化热对混凝土成熟度产生影响时,可对混凝土接触海水的龄期通过后计算进行适当的调整。     

计算水平桩的修正双参数法

指出了双参数法微分方程在公式推导与参数取值方面存在的不足,对微分方程中深度的幂数进行了修正并推导出计算公式。修正参数后的推导公式克服了原公式取值只能为正整数1和有限个小数的缺陷,使取值可取任意整数和小数,从而拓宽了参数的取值范围。当桩在弯矩和水平力共同作用时,利用桩的边值问题可求得桩身各截面的弯矩、剪力、位移、转角。实例计算证明,用修正后的幂数作为参数,推导正确,取值灵活且与实测值很接近。     

PMM tests in a circulating water channel and nonlinear analysis

As a result of frequent marine disasters leading to the loss of human life and pollution of vast areas of the ocean, ship manoeuvrability has become a very important characteristic of ship design. Among several recent experimental techniques to determine ship manoeuvrability, the most popular is captive model testing using a planar motion mechanism (PMM). This article describes some tests, analyses, and results of PMM tests in a circulating water channel (CWC) using a model of a training ship. The hydrodynamic forces and moments acting on a model of the training ship Shioji Maru in pure yawing motion were measured, and hydrodynamic derivatives were obtained using two different methods of analysis: singular value decomposition (a least-squares fit method) and Fourier analysis. Derivatives obtained from the tests were used to simulate the turning trajectory of the actual ship, and these were compared with the results of sea trials. The results indicate that both methods of analysis yield fairly similar derivatives. The simulation results were also found to be a close match with the trial results. Received: February 7, 2002 / Accepted: May 14, 2002 Address correspondence to: K. Shoji (shoji@ipc.tosho-u.ac.jp)     

基于遗传算法的潜艇首端耐压平面舱壁构架分级优化研究

探讨了潜艇首端耐压平面舱壁的结构优化设计,针对舱壁结构复杂、设计变量多、取值离散规格化等难点,确定两级优化方案,即先后分别对舱壁内部主构架和肘板进行优化,采用遗传算法作为优化方法,并利用ANSYS程序对舱壁结构进行受力分析.对遗传算法进行了改进,并在此基础上用MATLAB语言编程实现遗传算法操作,同时编程与ANSYS结合起来,完成结构优化设计.经过迭代优化,得到一个优化方案,优化部分的结构重量较初始方案降低了18.39%.