沉模薄壁管桩加固软土地基技术

振动沉模现浇混凝土薄壁管桩技术,可快速加固软土地基,具有承载力高、施工工艺简单、质量可靠、工效高和工程造价低等优点,具有良好的推广应用价值。     

高铁动车组司机连续作业时长的研究

本文在分析动车组司机感知、判断、操作特性的基础上,采用实验心理学测试方法采集司机的各项指标,根据试验测试数据,通过贝叶斯统计学的方法确定合理的高铁动车组司机乘务作业时长,建立乘务作业时长与各项测试指标之间的关系模型。通过算例验证,动车组司机安全可靠度测试等级为良好,并提出相应的改进措施     

热管散热器在新型变流装置中的应用

针对传统的实体铝、铜散热器已经远不能满足大容量元件散热容量要求的现状,提出采用热管散热器的新思路,并阐述了热管的结构和特点。简要介绍了我国已利用热管开发的机车用新产品,预测热管散热器将有广泛的应用前景。     

Rural mobility and mode choice: Evidence from the 2001 National Household Travel Survey

This article uses data from the 2001 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) to compare travel behavior in rural and urban areas of the U.S. As expected, the car is the overwhelmingly dominant mode of travel. Over 97% of rural households own at least one car vs. 92% of urban households; 91% of trips are made by car in rural areas vs. 86% in urban areas. Regardless of age, income, and race, almost everyone in rural areas relies on the private car for most travel needs. Mobility levels in rural areas are generally higher than in urban areas. That results from the more dispersed residences and activity sites in rural areas, which increase trip distances and force reliance on the car. Somewhat surprisingly, the rural elderly and poor are considerably more mobile than their urban counterparts, and their mobility deficit compared to the rural population average is strikingly less than for the urban elderly and poor compared to the urban average. Data limitations prevented a measurement of accessibility, however, and it seems likely that rural areas, by their very nature, are less accessible than urban areas, especially for the small percentage of car-less poor and elderly households.     

The Dutch mobility panel: Experiences and evaluation

The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the history and research experiences of the Dutch National Mobility Panel. Attention is given to the sampling strategy, the policy goals, and the representativity of the panel. It also tries to evaluate the research outcomes in terms of the original objectives and in view of more general research and policy goals. In sections one and two, a historic overview is given, starting from the first ideas to implement a longitudinal research instrument in transportation planning. In section three, some attention is devoted to longitudinal versus cross-sectional analyses. In section four, the sample design is treated in some detail. Next, various forms of bias are discussed that affect the representativity of the panel. In the sixth section, an overview is given of the research conducted with the data. Some conclusions are given in the final section.     

开架式ROV动力匹配稳态与动态设计方法

本文针对开架式ROV的设计,提出一种将稳态匹配与动态匹配相结合的动力匹配研究方法。首先根据所设计的ROV,运用Fluent软件对其进行水阻力仿真,得出ROV在不同航速下的阻力,其次对螺旋桨进行特性分析,进而对比螺旋桨不同参数对推力和阻力匹配的影响,同时考虑螺旋桨功率与电机功率匹配,完成ROV的稳态匹配。最后加入动态分析得到最终的动力匹配,并证明其具有较好的运动稳定性以及机动性。     

Existence of urban-scale macroscopic fundamental diagrams: Some experimental findings

A field experiment in Yokohama (Japan) reveals that a macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) linking space-mean flow, density and speed exists on a large urban area. The experiment used a combination of fixed detectors and floating vehicle probes as sensors. It was observed that when the somewhat chaotic scatter-plots of speed vs. density from individual fixed detectors were aggregated the scatter nearly disappeared and points grouped neatly along a smoothly declining curve. This evidence suggests, but does not prove, that an MFD exists for the complete network because the fixed detectors only measure conditions in their proximity, which may not represent the whole network. Therefore, the analysis was enriched with data from GPS-equipped taxis, which covered the entire network. The new data were filtered to ensure that only full-taxi trips (i.e., representative of automobile trips) were retained in the sample. The space-mean speeds and densities at different times-of-day were then estimated for the whole study area using relevant parts of the detector and taxi data sets. These estimates were still found to lie close to a smoothly declining curve with deviations smaller than those of individual links – and entirely explained by experimental error. The analysis also revealed a fixed relation between the space-mean flows on the whole network, which are easy to estimate given the existence of an MFD, and the trip completion rates, which dynamically measure accessibility.     

动态设计在边坡治理中的应用

山体因工程施工开挖而失去原有的平衡,需重新寻找平衡点,同时因地质构造、水文等诸多因素影响,山体在重新平衡过程中容易出现山体滑塌、坡面开裂、下沉等失稳现象。因此,在施工中必须根据现场山体边坡发生滑塌、开裂等具体情况进行动态设计,制定有针对性、切实可行的治理方案。文章结合工程实例提出了相应的边坡整治措施,为类似的边坡治理积累了一定的经验。     

The bending vibration response and approximate calculation of elastic cylindrical shell

Useful structure characteristics of elastic cylindrical shells have led them to being widely applied in virtual projects, so it is important to conduct vibration research on the shells and find it＇s a simpler corresponding compact calculation method. Utilising the input and transfer point mobility of a thin plate structure, a theoretical expression of the cylindrical shell＇s bending vibration responsewas deduced and numerical simulations were done to simplify the theoretical expression within an acceptable error margin, greatly reducing the amount of computations. Furthermore, whole vibration response distributions of the cylindrical shell were analyzed. It was found thathe vibration energy propagates in helical form under mono-frequency excitation, while under bandwidth frequency excitation, it attenuates around in term of fluctuation. The axial attenuation rate of the vibration energy is larger than the circumferential attenuation rate.     

Leisure mobility styles in Swiss conurbations: construction and empirical analysis

Leisure travel is the most difficult travel purpose to analyse due to the lack of fixed spatial and temporal referents and the consequent flexibility in patterns. This paper addresses lifestyles, social influence, and the travellers’ social networks, issues that have proved valuable for travel behaviour research in confronting the complexity of leisure travel. An approach for constructing leisure mobility styles, based on orientations towards leisure and mobility, will be presented first and then the hypotheses that transport behaviour can be better explained through analysis of leisure mobility styles will be tested. Multivariate analysis reveals that the leisure mobility style group makes a significant contribution towards clarifying variance for the activities ‘Visiting friends and relatives’, ‘Travel participation’, ‘Mode choice’, and ‘Travel distance for leisure’. The use of leisure mobility styles is most useful for developing practical intervention pointers where the in-group homogeneity of lifestyle should be addressed in greater detail.