移动IPv6关键协议技术的研究

综述了移动IPv6关键协议技术研究方面的一些最新的工作,分析了移动IPv6的基本原理,着重论述了移动IPv6所面临的问题,包括最小移动、快速切换、平滑切换等扩展协议,以及服务质量、通信安全等。     

Annual uptake of atmospheric CO2 by the Weddell Sea derived from a surface layer balance, including estimations of entrainment and new production

Data from two cruises, one in April/May 1996 and one in December/January 1993, covering the same wide area in the offshore Weddell Sea, were used to derive the annual extent of entrainment and the capacity of the biological pump. The former property was obtained with the help of dissolved oxygen data, whereas the latter was approximated with nutrients. Especially the data from April/May, representing the initial state of the winter surface layer, were crucial to assess the annual extent of these processes. The results were applied to our carbon dioxide data. The annual increase of the Total CO₂ (TCO₂) concentration in the surface layer due to vertical transport amounts to 16.3 μmol kg⁻¹. An entrainment rate of deep water in the surface layer amounting to 35±10 m yr⁻¹ was deduced. The compensating, biologically mediated TCO₂ reduction was calculated to be larger than the TCO₂ increase due to vertical transport. Since the balance of these two processes determines whether the Weddell Sea is a source or a sink of CO₂, this indicates that the Weddell Sea, albeit upwelling area, is definitely a sink for atmospheric CO₂ on an annual basis. This conclusion is further supported by contemplations that the biological drawdown of CO₂ in the Weddell Sea as a whole is probably underestimated by our calculations. The new production for the Weddell Sea on a per unit area basis was found to be much higher than that for the Antarctic Ocean, when the latter value is being obtained by traditional biological methods. On the other hand, the CO₂ uptake by the Weddell Sea on a per unit area basis is somewhat smaller than the CO₂ uptake by the world ocean.     

刚性支承桩纵向振动的半解析解

从三维轴对称土模型出发,考虑桩周土体的三维波动效应,对均质滞回材料阻尼土中完整端承桩在垂直协和激振力作用下的纵向振动特性进行分析,求解得到桩顶频域响应解析解、复刚度和速度导纳,利用卷积定理和傅里叶逆变换,求得半正弦脉冲激振力作用下桩顶速度导纳时域响应半解析解.     

离子迁移谱技术发展趋势和应用前景

离子迁移谱(IMS)最初是作为化学实验室分析技术发展起来的。近年来,这一技术日臻完善,目前已经应用在多个领域,其中包括国家军事领域的化学战剂监测,各级安全部门的爆炸物监测,海关和机场入口安检部门对毒品、麻醉剂等违禁物品的监测以及环境监测部门对有毒有害气体的监测。随着应用范围的拓宽,IMS技术引起了世界各国专家的研究兴趣,因此使得这一技术不断得到更新和发展。本文系统地介绍了IMS技术的广泛应用前景及当前的发展趋势。     

沉埋施工法水底隧道数据库及其现实意义

为加速我国沉理随道的发展,引进国外先进技术,作者搜集了世界上已 建成的沉埋阵道货料,并建成了沉理施工法水底随道数据库。该库包括 沉理隧道的设计、施工、运榆管理等方面的内容。利用该库可快速地查 找各种经验数据和有关典道的乎面、纵剖面和横剖面图,为工程技术人 员研完和决策提供依据。为了使用方便,叶现有词组软件作了改进,并 开发了动态输出报表等一些新功能。      

基于离散元法的铁路沿线非饱和边坡流动与冲击分析

为降低降雨入渗对铁路边坡安全性的影响,对云南普洱市一铁路修建现场区域内存在的典型非饱和边坡进行稳定性分析.引入了黏附-再黏附模型,并通过模型试验以及离散元法分析不同参数条件下的土体崩塌特征和支护下的最大冲击力.研究结果表明:引入黏附-再黏附模型后的离散元法能很好地再现黏聚力作用下非饱和土边坡的崩塌行为;通过将非饱和土的...     

河道水流冲刷对推移质运动形态影响试验研究

水流冲刷下的床面是推移质运动的场所,研究微观床面形态对推移质运动的影响,有利于探究床面上推移质运动的规律,对河道治理有较好的促进作用。经过系列水槽试验,选取具有代表性的视频,采用图像识别技术,对视频中运动的物体进行标记,分析推移质在床面运动的规律,探究水流冲刷对推移质运动形态的影响。结果表明：大颗粒在床面上的运动方向与水流方向形成一个小于30°的、路径较直的夹角;小颗粒在床面的运动受近底流速的影响,聚集体会对河床表面水流进行树枝型分流,导致小颗粒的运动方向时刻变化,与水流方向夹角范围在0°～90°,在2个聚集体之间加速较为明显;不同形态的聚集体的稳定性不同,且聚集体之间可相互转化。     

汽车传动系的优化设计

影响汽车动力性和燃油经济性的因素很多,如何进行匹配与选择是目前各汽车生产厂家所面对的问题。也是当前所研究的热门课题。文中主要从变速器的速比和后桥主减速比的匹配通过理论与试验相结合的方法来对一款商务车的传动系优化设计,期望使整车的动力性和经济性匹配最好。     

The unmet travel needs of the older population: a review of the literature

Unmet travel needs can be defined as trips and activities that people need or would like to do more, but for a variety of reasons they are prevented from doing so. This paper provides a critical evaluation of the literature focused on unmet travel needs, with the aim of assessing the scope of existing studies on this topic and better understanding the full context of older people’s mobility. This narrative review identifies how travel needs in later life have been assessed, and the barriers that affect the ability of older people to fulfil these needs. Due to the heterogeneity of older people and differences in research approaches, the analysis of the literature is not conclusive in terms of identifying the real impact of the analysed variables and measures on unrealised mobility. Nevertheless, of the studies analysed, on average at least one-third of older people report unmet travel needs. This situation was found to worsen with age, and women were reported to be more affected than men. The pursuit of leisure, and in particular visiting friends and family, was found to be the activity most associated with unmet travel needs.