基于矢量传感器阵列的二维波达方向估计研究

矢量水听器由声压传感器和质点振速传感器复合而成,可以空间共点、同步测量声压和质点振速的各正交分量.相对于声压水听器阵来说,矢量阵获取声场中更多的信息,利用矢量阵所获得的速度场的信息可去除目标方位估计中的模糊.多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法是通过对数据协方差矩阵进行本征分解获得信号空间谱估计的方法.文中采用矢量水听器均匀线阵研究了利用MUSIC算法对声源进行二维角度估计,通过对声压水听器和矢量水听器阵MUSIC算法的仿真对比得出结论:声矢量阵比声压阵具有更好的波达方向估计性能.另外,文中还采用空间平滑技术对相关信号源进行解相关从而得到良好的二维波达方向估计性能.     

预应力连续刚构桥施工空间仿真分析

箱梁桥是一个空间的结构受力体系,因承受拉、压、弯、剪和扭等的复合作用,其结构变形和受力情况十分复杂,在大跨P.C.连续刚构桥中表现得尤为显著.通过对ANSYS程序进行二次开发,实现了重庆合川白果渡嘉陵江大桥主桥施工全过程的空间仿真分析,这对深入认识该类桥的实际受力情况意义重大.     

钢桁腹式混凝土组合箱梁桥的空间梁格模型

为更加合理地开展钢桁腹式混凝土组合箱梁桥的设计,通过对比已有分析模型的优缺点,提出了钢桁腹式混凝土组合箱梁桥的空间梁格模型。介绍了空间梁格模型的建模思路,并参考Itambly关于梁格建模的基本原则,提出了适用于空间梁格模型的建模方法。通过应用示例,展示了基本空间粱格和精细化空间粱格的建模方法,并与实体有限元模型进行对比。结果表明：对于结构整体分析,基本空间梁格就能满足要求;而对于横向分析,则需采用更为精细化的空间梁格模型。     

大跨径钢管混凝土拱桥主拱混凝土灌注阶段空间稳定分析

介绍了大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥稳定分析方法,以湖北景阳河大桥为工程背景,基于有限元理论,运用ANSYS软件建立了空间有限元计算模型.分析了大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥管内混凝土灌注施工阶段的线性和非线性稳定性,得到了各个施工工况的稳定系数和失稳模态,其结果对该桥的施工控制具有重要的指导意义。     

Connecting e-hailing to mass transit platform: Analysis of relative spatial position

This paper analyzes and compares two different relative spatial position (RSP) designs in an integrated e-hailing/fixed-route transit system: a zone-based design that operates e-hailing vehicles within a zone, and a line-based design that operates e-hailing vehicles along a fixed-route transit line and with a stable headway. To conduct a meaningful comparison, the optimal design problems for both systems are formulated using a same analytical framework based on the continuous approximation approach. A comprehensive numerical experiment is performed to compare various cost components corresponding to the optimal designs, and a discrete-event simulation model is developed to validate the analysis. The analytical and simulation results agree with each other well, with a discrepancy in the total system cost less than 5% in most test scenarios. These results also suggest that the line-based system consistently outperforms the zone-based system in terms of both agency and user costs, for all scenarios tested. Compared to the zone-based design, the line-based design features a sparser fixed-route network (resulting in larger stop spacing) but a higher dispatching frequency. It is concluded that the higher efficiency of the line-based design is likely derived from the strategy of operating e-hailing vehicles with a more regular route/headway structure and allowing ride-sharing.     

Toward More Integrated Ocean Governance in Massachusetts: A Progress Report

The U.K. government is committed to establishing a coherent network of marine protected areas by 2012 and the recent Marine and Coastal Access Act, 2009 will designate marine conservation zones and provide wider access rights to the coast. To fulfill these goals, this article argues the need for a clearer, shared understanding of the social value of protected areas in creating new designations and managing existing ones. Although marine and coastal environments attract many people and are vitally important in terms of realized and potential social value, the majority of the public in the United Kingdom lacks understanding and awareness regarding them. Combined with this, the social value of marine and coastal protected areas (MCPAs) have been largely ignored relative to conservation and economics, with the latter invariably taking precedence in environmental policymaking. Social value reflects the complex, individual responses that people experience in a given place. Many reasons determine why one area is valued above another, and this research investigates the social value of MCPAs from a practitioner's perspective through a series of interviews. Understanding why we “socially” value MCPAs will ultimately equip managers with an informed understanding of these spaces, influence management decisions, and, potentially, policymaking. This article defines social value in the context of MCPAs in England and Wales from a practitioner perspective, explores key concepts, and suggests possible improvements in decision-making.     

异形空间桥塔半飘浮体系斜拉桥结构性能分析

以某异形钢塔钢梁斜拉桥为例,对该体系桥的结构受力进行分析评价;针对该桥桥塔的独特造型,应用结构计算软件对其进行总体受力分析.分析结果验证了该桥结构设计的安全性及施工合理性,同时对类似桥型设计中需要注意的地方提出了合理建议.     

数字地下空间与工程的空间分析与知识发现

建立完善的空间数据分析理论和方法体系,集成先进的空间数据分析工具,增强数字地下空间与工程的空间分析能力,使数据型数字地下空间与工程上升为分析型信息系统,是数字地下空间与工程技术与应用的发展目标和趋势。首先论述数字地下空间与工程特有的空间分析功能,如三维图形剖切、实体切割、管线碰撞分析、三维最小距离、对象属性查询等;然后论述数据分析领域迅速发展的新技术——数据挖掘与知识发现。     

港产城融合发展关键问题研究

在建设世界一流港口及水运高质量发展背景下,港产城融合发展被提到新的高度,成为港口及所依托城市发展的重点。针对如何实现港产城融合发展这一难题,研究港产城融合发展的内涵及机理,分析促进融合发展的3个关键问题,给出解决思路,并结合规划实践,对不同类型港产城融合发展的关键问题进行分析。在新的国土空间规划体系下,研究思路及结论对促进港产城融合发展落地实施具有参考价值。     

基础设施公私合营模式融资影响因素及空间溢出效应研究

在城市层面，影响基础设施PPP(公私合营模式)项目融资额的因素具有多样性。本文基于 2015—2017年我国地级市面板数据，采用空间回归模型对地级市基础设施PPP项目融资额的影 响因素进行实证分析，并验证了PPP项目融资额在空间层面具有溢出效应。研究结果表明：空间 误差模型相比混合OLS回归模型，对于分析PPP项目融资额影响因素的拟合效果更好；PPP项目 融资额在城市层面上具有显著的正向空间溢出效应，即一个城市PPP项目融资额更容易受到相 邻城市PPP项目融资额的影响。地方政府财政缺口、地区生产总值、固定资产投资额、人口密度 对PPP项目融资额虽然都具有显著相关关系，但在不同地区间影响的差异性较大。地方政府财 政缺口在中东部城市与PPP项目融资额呈现显著正相关，即地方政府财政缺口越大，城市越倾向 于采用PPP模式进行基础设施投融资；而在西部城市，两者间这种相关关系则不显著。