吸能转向柱临界压缩力的设定

为防止或减少汽车碰撞对驾驶员的伤害,吸能转向柱得到广泛应用。文章通过对安全气囊气体发生器的反作用力和碰撞时方向盘下缘所受撞击力的分析,结合碰撞中不同情况下乘员头部和胸部对转向柱的撞击情况,确定了不同工况对吸能转向柱临界压缩力设定的影响,并最终指出如何结合安全带的选用及安全气囊的匹配情况来设定吸能转向柱的临界压缩力。     

预应力门架式盖梁设计浅析

以宁波市机场路快速干道与杭甬高速互通立交的A线匝道桥A9#墩-A11#墩三个墩位预应力盖梁为例,阐述预应力门架式盖梁的设计过程及计算模型,以及盖梁钢束张拉与上梁的相互穿插顺序、盖梁预应力张拉对墩柱产生的影响。     

“站桥合一、先桥后站”盖挖地铁车站关键施工方案的比选与优化

以某盖挖顺作地铁车站施工为例,对车站在复杂环境条件(站桥合一、先桥后站、地下管线密集、周边建筑邻近)下基坑开挖出土方案、钢管柱连接方案、钢筋混凝土支撑体系拆除方案等几项关键工序进行比选,介绍了各备选方案的优缺点。通过方案优化,最终选择了"出土孔上配龙门吊+局部坡道"开挖出土方案、钢管柱现场法兰连接方案及金刚石绳锯切割钢筋混凝土支撑体系方案,保证了车站的安全、质量和工期,效果良好。     

地铁盾构隧道下穿既有桥梁异形板区沉降控制综合技术

为保证施工过程及地铁运营中桥梁异形板区变形稳定,确保地铁施工本身及桥梁安全,施工中采用了如下措施:1)在地面架设支撑系统作为应急体系;2)托换桩周边利用复合锚杆桩对原桩隔离及地层的预加固,使地层有较好的稳定性;3)进行人工挖孔桩托换施工,倒挂井壁法开挖,辅以环向注浆及底部注浆,严格控制成桩过程的变形;4)对钢承台多次同步顶升,逐级托换,将原桩受力转换至新桩;5)在盾构穿越过程中,优化施工参数,加强监测及信息化管理,依据监测数据及时进行同步注浆及管片后的补注浆。通过上述一系列综合控制手段,解决了复杂地层中复合锚杆桩及大直径超深挖孔桩施工、钢承台多次同步顶升、高精度实时监控等技术难题,将桥梁墩柱沉降控制在了3mm以内,确保了盾构穿越期间隧道及桥梁的安全。     

Determination of phthalate esters in physiological saline solution by monolithic silica spin column extraction method

Monolithic silica spin column extraction （MonoSpin-SPE） was developed as a simple, sensitive, and eco-friendly pretreatment method which combined with ultra-fast liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （UFLC-MS） to determine the levels of six phthalate es     

桥上桥现浇施工桩基承载力计算分析

根据青岛海湾大桥青岛端接线工程桥梁第十三合同段设计图纸和工程实际情况,从地质情况、实用性、安全性、经济性和工期保证等多个方面考虑,箱梁采用满堂支架法现浇施工。当新桥设计跨越既有桥梁时,既有桥梁设计时和现在的规范荷载不同,以既有桥梁作为支承进行新桥的混凝土现场浇筑作业,既有桥梁的承载力如何确定成为难题。通过理论计算确定施...     

闵浦二桥主塔下横梁预应力分析及施工技术

上海闵浦二桥工程是一座公轨两用一体化双层特大桥,主桥为独塔双索面连续钢板桁组合梁双层斜拉桥。该文通过理论模拟分析计算,对主塔下横梁施工过程预应力进行了分析,并介绍了其施工技术。     

独柱墩桥梁抗倾覆稳定性分析

汲取近几年发生的独柱墩桥梁倾覆事故的教训与经验,结合现行规范的相关规定,对该类桥梁的抗倾覆稳定性作了一些分析,得到了一些分析结果,希望能对以后独柱墩桥梁的设计工作提供一些详实、可靠的指导性建议.     

消能自复位摇摆框架墩结构地震反应及易损性分析

摇摆构造可限制结构的地震损伤和残余位移，从而提升结构的震后恢复能力。以消能自复位摇摆框架墩结构为研究对象，基于摇摆刚体假定，建立消能自复位摇摆框架墩结构的动力分析模型，并通过试验结果验证了该模型的有效性。模型中采用拉格朗日方程推导出结构的运动学方程，并考虑了桥墩复位碰撞所造成的速度折减以及预应力束和阻尼器的失效。以黄徐路摇摆桥梁结构为工程背景，对消能自复位摇摆框架墩结构进行实例分析、参数分析和易损性分析。实例分析和参数分析结果表明：阻尼器和预应力束的联合应用可减小结构的位移反应，阻尼器刚度的量纲一化参数（ρ_d）越大则结构减震效果越好，且在脉冲近场地震作用下的减震效果更为明显。针对阻尼器屈服、阻尼器失效、预应力束失效和结构倒塌4个极限状态的易损性分析的结果表明：在E1地震作用下，阻尼器失效、预应力束失效和结构倒塌的发生概率极小；在E2地震作用下，阻尼器极易发生屈服，阻尼器失效和预应力束失效的概率小于20%，结构倒塌的发生概率近乎为0；在脉冲近场地震作用下，ρ_d增大可降低各极限状态的发生概率，预应力束刚度的增大对各极限状态的发生概率影响较小，预应力束初始应力的增大会增加预应力束失效的发生概率。     

Planktonic community structure and carbon cycling in the Arabian Sea as a result of monsoonal forcing: the application of a generic model

The Arabian Sea exhibits a complex pattern of biogeochemical and ecological dynamics, which vary both seasonally and spatially. These dynamics have been studied using a one-dimensional vertical hydrodynamic model coupled to a complex ecosystem model, simulating the annual cycle at three contrasting stations. These stations are characterised by seasonally upwelling, mixed-layer-deepening and a-seasonal oligotrophic conditions, respectively, and coincide with extensively measured stations on the two JGOFS ARABESQUE cruises in 1994. The model reproduces many spatial and temporal trends in production, biomass, physical and chemical properties, both qualitatively and quantitatively and so gives insight into the main mechanisms responsible for the biogeochemical and ecological complexity. Monsoonal systems are typified by classical food web dynamics, whilst intermonsoonal and oligotrophic systems are dominated by the microbial loop. The ecosystem model (ERSEM), developed for temperate regions, is found to be applicable to the Arabian Sea system with little reparameterisation. Differences in in-situ physical forcing are sufficient to recreate contrasting eutrophic and oligotrophic systems, although the lack of lateral terms are probably the greatest source of error in the model. Physics, nutrients, light and grazing are all shown to play a role in controlling production and community structure. Small-celled phytoplanktons are predicted to be dominant and sub-surface chlorophyll maxima are robust centers of production during intermonsoon periods. Analysis of carbon fluxes indicate that physically driven outgassing of CO₂ predominates in monsoonal upwelling systems but ecological activity may significantly moderate CO₂ outgassing in the Arabian Sea interior.