一种改进蚁群优化算法的仿真研究

针对蚁群优化算法存在容易陷入局部最优、收敛速度慢、参数设置复杂等缺点,提出了一种改进的蚁群优化算法,研究了伪随机比例转移规则中参数 的取值方法,并对信息素的取值方式和信息素的更新规则进行了改进。最后以中国31个城市的旅行商问题和路径规划问题为实例,分别运用改进前后的蚁群算法进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明：改进之后的算法不仅能够得到更好的解,更能显著地提高算法的收敛速度。     

求解柔性Job-shop调度问题的混合粒子群算法

针对柔性Job-shop调度问题,提出了一种混合粒子群算法,该算法对设备分配和工序调度采用不同的编码方法和更新方式,提出了基于设备的初始化算法和基于工件序列的初始化算法来提高PSO初始种群的质量,同时提出了4种不同的邻域结构,分别实现了基于此四种邻域结构的模拟退火搜索算法,将它与粒子群算法进行有效混合来提高粒子群算法的局部搜索能力,实验表明HPSO的有效性.     

高原冻土地区公路施工的质量通病与预防措施

高原冻土地区受恶劣的气候和地质条件的影响,对公路施工质量有较高的要求。鉴于此,探讨高原冻土地区公路施工的质量通病,并提出相应的预防策略,具有一定的理论和实际意义。     

基于OSP与NMF的光谱混合像元分解方法

非负矩阵分解(NMF)由于跟线性光谱混合模型具有很高的相似性,因此成为光谱混合像元分解中算法中的一个研究热点。为了避免NMF算法陷入局部最小带来的求解结果不确定性,提出用正交子空间投影(OSP)方法来估计高光谱图像端元的个数,同时简化了最小单形体体积约束的NMF算法中关于单形体体积的计算方法。实验结果表明利用该算法得到的地物丰度图与真实地物的分布状况相吻合。     

评估设备激励特性的虚拟力方法研究

在结构声传播和声场响应研究中,往往需要以设备的激励特性作为计算模型的输入。若虚拟力作用下的结构响应与真实响应一致,可用虚拟力代替真实激励作为模型输入。文章在前人虚拟力模型的基础上结合改进的分部优化正则化方法,解决测量导纳矩阵的病态问题,提高虚拟力估算精度。文中通过电机模型实验对比了不同正则化方法下虚拟力对结构响应的重构误差,验证文中方法在虚拟力估算中的可行性和准确性。     

Application of PETSc in soil-water coupled geotechnical problems

In this paper, parallel library, portable extensible toolkit for scientific computation (PETSc), is used to solve linear systems in soil-water coupled finite element method (FEM) for geotechnical problems. The parallel environment is integrated into GLEAVES, which is a geotechnical software package used for the finite element simulation. The linear system ·· = · which is a fundamental and the most time-consuming part of the FEM is solved with iterative solvers in PETSc. In order to find a robust and effective combination of iterative solvers and corresponding preconditioners for the soil-water coupled problems, performance evaluations on Krylov subspace methods and four preconditioners are carried out. The results indicate that general minimal residual (GMRES) method coupled with preconditioners can provide an effective solution. The application to a construction project is presented to illustrate the potential of the proposed solution.     

运城地区高速公路服务设施冬季采暖环境问题分析及对策

通过调查对运城地区高速公路服务设施冬季采暖存在的环境问题进行分析,结合国家节能减排要求,提出了利用地源热泵清洁能源代替燃煤锅炉的对策措施,并从技术、经济和环境方面分析了地源热泵技术应用的可行性。     

高速公路建设项目资金管理问题探讨

高速公路建设项目普遍具有投资规模大、建设周期长、涉及利益群体多的特点,在建设过程中,资金管理易出现问题。文章结合当前高速公路建设项目的实际情况,阐述了其实施过程中资金管理存在的问题,分析了问题产生的原因,并提出了防范和控制资金管理问题的相关措施。     

基于载荷谱的轿车后车身耐久性能分析

本文以中心开发的乘用车后车身的疲劳耐久特性作为研究对象,截取整车后半部分白车身建立有限元模型,以实测车轮六分力载荷谱经多体动力学仿真分析输出的后悬架安装点激励作为疲劳计算的载荷输入。在此基础上,通过疲劳仿真分析软件FEMFAT分别对开发车与竞品车后车身疲劳寿命进行了对比分析,并将仿真分析结果与试验结果进行了对标,为该乘用车车身的设计开发及改进提供重要依据。     

Solving train formation problem using simulated annealing algorithm in a simplex framework

The train formation plan (TFP) determines the train services and their frequencies and assigns the demands. The TFP models are often formulated as a capacitated service network design problem, and the optimal solution is normally difficult to find. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm of the Simplex method and simulated annealing is proposed for the TFP problem. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to use a simulated annealing algorithm to explore the solution space, where the revised Simplex method evaluates, selects, and implements the moves. In the proposed algorithm, the neighborhood structure is based on the pivoting rules of the Simplex method that provides an efficient method to reach the neighbors of the current solution. A state‐of‐the‐art method is applied for parameters tuning by using the design of experiments approach. To evaluate the proposed model and the solution method, 25 test problems have been simulated and solved. The results show the efficiency and the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed approach is implemented to develop the TFP in the Iranian railway as a case study. It is possible to save significant time and cost through solving the TFP problem by using the proposed algorithm and developing the efficient TFP plan in the railway networks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.