悬链线方法在大跨径悬索桥基准索股调整中的应用

研究提出了悬索桥索股调整的精确计算方法,该方法可以计入主塔偏位、索股温度的影响。通过弹性悬链线模型推导了悬索桥基准索股的悬链线简化方法。该法对于中跨主缆调整与精确方法、抛物线简化方法相比精度较高,边跨主缆调整与抛物线法精度接近,误差均较大,但也可满足实际工程需要。     

CTC条件下铁路客运站股道运用决策支持系统

结合车站自律机、联锁系统、客运站股道运用技术作业及其要求, 设计了基于分散自律控制原则的系统模型、功能与体系结构。运用现代排序理论, 构建了股道运用实时调整可控排序模型和耦合模型, 提出了基于合成分派规则的三步算法与股道运用通用启发式算法, 求解股道运用系列决策问题, 解决铁路行车及调车作业之间的干扰问题, 并开发了CTC条件下铁路客运站股道运用决策支持系统。分析结果表明: 合成分派规则的平均优化解明显优于基本分派规则的平均优化解, 合成分派规则EDD+FIFO获得的解最优; 实时调整时宜直接采用合成分派规则, 尤其是规则EDD+FIFO, 求解耦合问题时应综合考虑各种分派规则。可见, 系统的功能、性能和技术指标均能满足股道运用智能编制和实时调整的现实需求。     

交通信号协调控制方案过渡优化算法

建立了信号控制方案过渡前后的交叉口相位差调整量关系方程组, 针对各交叉口过渡信号周期的允许取值范围, 利用交叉口相位差调整比例的极小极大原理, 提出了单周期对称调节过渡算法与N周期加权调节过渡算法。分析结果表明: 单周期对称调节过渡算法将在满足一次过渡条件下, 实现交叉口相位差实际调整量最大值的最小化; N周期加权调节过渡算法则可以综合考虑各交叉口过渡信号周期的不同允许取值范围, 根据交叉口相位差最大调整比例的最小化要求, 通过N个过渡信号周期最终实现协调控制方案的快速平滑过渡。与其他过渡算法相比, N周期加权调节过渡算法实现了对于控制区域内交叉口相位差调整量的整体优化, 使过渡方案能够更好地满足不同信号交叉口的控制需求, 具有更广的适用范围与实用性。     

导线严密平差的一种电算方法

针对导线严密平差内业计算耗时长的难题,提出一种电算方法,并对其正确性、可靠性和实用性加以验证,指出注意事项,可供工程实践参考与应用。     

H桥型三电平逆变器中点电位平衡调节算法研究

本文通过分析H桥型三电平逆变器开关回路和换流过程,找出了中点电位偏移的原因,并给出了中点电位平衡调节措施及改进算法,最后通过试验验证了所选算法是有效的,在大功率变流器上具有广泛应用前景。     

美国军事战略将有重大调整

进入新世纪,美国国内关于批判和修改现行军事战略的呼声甚为强烈.本文就美国现行军事战略的基本内容,美国国内关于军事战略争论的几个重要问题,以及新一届美国政府可能对军事战略做出的重大调整作了简要评析.     

正确对待建设方案与规划方案的关系

在市政工程建设中,常常遇到建设方案与规划方案不一致的问题,如何处理好两者之间的关系,是设计单位应进行怎样合理调整,审批部门应怎样进行合理协调的关键,亦是进行科学决策的重要环节。该文对建设方案与规划方案的关系进行了探讨,可供相关专业人员参考。     

Optimized design for a MacPherson strut suspension with side load springs

Undesired lateral force inevitably exists in a MacPherson suspension system, which is liable to damper rod’s side wear and promotes the damper’s inner friction decreasing the ride performance from the suspension system. Substituting a new side load spring with curved centerline for the conventional coil spring has been proven able to solve these problems and Multi-body Dynamics combining with Finite Elements Analysis may be an efficient method in optimizing its design. Therefore, taking a passenger car as example, a detailed multi-body dynamics model for the suspension system is built to simulate forces exerted on the damper and the minimization of its lateral component is selected as the design target for the spring. When the structure optimization of the side load spring is performed using FEA software ANSYS, its vertical and lateral elastic characteristics, supported by test data, are analyzed. After importing FEA results back to the suspension system, the dynamics simulation can be performed to validate the optimization result.     

Bolster spring fault detection strategy for heavy haul wagons

An on-board health monitoring system is proposed for heavy haul wagons in this paper including a signal-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) method and an on-line fault diagnose strategy. Such a system, to be feasible on freight wagons, must be sufficiently cheap and robust, hence the design assumes the constraint of using only two accelerometers mounted on the front left and right rear part of each carbody in a heavy haul train. This paper focuses on the detection of bolster spring fault conditions. The problem is made more complex by the modes of failure which might be expected in bolster spring nests. Types of spring failure are firstly identified and discussed covering situations of broken (shortening springs) and softening (individual spring loss from a nest or cross-section loss through corrosion). The effects of these faults and their detectability were investigated using simulations on straight and curved track and using a fully detailed model of a typical 40?t axle-load heavy haul wagon. The simulation results were then examined and compared using cross-correlation analysis and an FDI system was proposed. The FDI system introduced five possible fault indicators. Initial results indicated that it was possible to detect changes in bolster stiffness of ±25%. An on-line fault diagnoses strategy is proposed for bolster spring faults which only requires data from wagon monitoring during travel around sharp curves to detect and the occurrence of confirm faults. The functionality envisaged needs only a ‘once per trip’ monitoring site, such as a sharper curve, and is aimed at condition monitoring rather than the provision of alarms or comprehensive monitoring of all events.     

地铁线路纵断面调坡上下限线法及其应用

为提高地铁线路纵断面精调效率,避免调坡后出现相邻区段坡段超限,利用上下限线法,建立轨面线允许上下浮动的上下限线范围进行辅助调坡,协同调整变坡点和竖曲线半径与上下限线关系进行纵断面优化,并应用于福州市轨道交通2号线隧道纵断面掘进偏移事故中。结果表明： 1）采用上下限线法可以快速判断盾构掘进是否竖向超限,并方便快速确定调坡方案,避免多次调坡反复验算问题; 2）采用上下限线法可以避免对已实施段盾构隧道的调坡超限; 3）上下限线法成功应用在福州市轨道交通2号线隧道偏移事故中,采用该方法能在短时间内找出指导后续推进的调整方案,避免盾构停机造成的工程风险。