Reliability-based calibration of fatigue design guidelines for ship structures

A simple reliability-based framework is applied to calibrate a new set of fatigue design guidelines. This new guideline considers two different approaches for the assessment of both loads, stresses and local stress raising effects, and partial safety factors must be given for any combination of these approaches. For the calibration, the lognormal reliability format is adopted because the hereby-derived partial safety factors can be combined arbitrarily. This means that with a few basic partial safety factors, the combination of partial safety factors to be applied together with any combination of calculation approaches can be determined easily. In the present paper both the adopted reliability format, the applied modeling of uncertainties and the selected target safety index are explained. Based on this, a new guideline is calibrated and the derived partial safety factors are presented. Finally, the new guideline is applied through a numerical example in order to show the applicability of the calibrated partial safety factors, and satisfactory results are found.     

编组站驼峰车辆溜放速度控制系统的研究

以计算机和红外线传感器为主，研制了编组站驼峰车组溜放速度控制系统，系统通过检测车辆溜放的速度，计算出所需制动力的大小，通过缓器对车辆溜放进行速度控制，并具有对解体车辆自动计数，各种故障报警等功能。     

应用复合梁单元实现钢管混凝土拱桥的极限承载力分析

进行大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥的极限承载力分析,需要综合考虑几何和材料非线性、混凝土收缩和徐变、温度变化等多种因素的影响。本文从固体力学的基本理论出发,建立适于考虑上述诸多因素的复合梁单元,阐述了基于该单元的钢管混疑土拱桥极限承载力分析程序的实现方法,并通过与一个哑铃形截面钢管混凝土组合式拱肋极限承载力试验结果的对比验证了其可行性。     

使用构件和零件的实际疲劳特性进行车辆疲劳寿命预测

疲劳寿命计算是机械设计的重要步骤,而利用标称应力和可比构件或零件的实际疲劳特性这一疲劳分析方法是疲劳寿命计算的有效方法。本文详细地阐述其计算原理和具体步骤,并将此疲劳分析方法应用于货车车辆实际的疲劳计算中,验证了该方法具有很好的应用价值。     

装配式公路钢桥承载力的有限元分析

指出装配式公路钢桥设计中所采用的简化计算方法的不足,使用大型有限元软件ANSYS对其受力情况和承载力进行了分析,并与简化计算方法作了对比,得出了一些规律性的结论,对实际应用具有指导意义。     

200km/h客货共线单线隧道内接触网设计探讨

通过对遂渝线单线隧道内接触网悬挂的介绍,探讨了以新的设计方式进行速度200 km/h客货共线隧道内接触网平面设计的方法,并通过遂渝线情况的研究,对下一步的设计提出了建议。     

郑西客运专线湿陷性黄土填料水泥改良及填筑压实工艺研究

研究目的:确定郑西客运专线湿陷性黄土填料的改良技术和填筑压实工艺。研究结果:水泥改良湿陷性黄土最大干密度随时间呈衰减趋势;水泥改良湿陷性黄土的压实厚度严格控制在30 cm以内,松铺系数为1.1～1.2;水泥改良陷性黄土不适合采用强振碾压,一般来说静压的施工效果较好,碾压遍数控制在4～5遍;水泥改良湿陷性黄土的含水率对压实度影响较大,含水量偏差应控制在-0.5%～ 1.5%;尽量缩短水泥改良土从拌和到碾压完成的时间,遵循“三快一密实原则“:快速摊铺、快速整平、碾压密实、快速检测,确保碾压和检测在水泥初凝前完成。     

Impacts of motor vehicle operation on water quality in the US – Cleanup costs and policies

This paper investigates the costs of controlling some of the environmental impacts of motor vehicle transportation on groundwater and on surface waters. We estimate that annualized costs of cleaning-up leaking underground storage tanks range from $0.8 billion to $2.1 billion per year over 10 years. Annualized costs of controlling highway runoff from principal arterials in the US are much larger: they range from $2.9 billion to $15.6 billion per year over 20 years (1.6–8.3% of annualized highway transportation expenditures). Some causes of non-point source pollution were unintentionally created by regulations or could be addressed by simple design changes of motor vehicles. A review of applicable measures suggests that effective policies should combine economic incentives, information campaigns, and enforcement, coupled with preventive environmental measures. In general, preventing water pollution from motor vehicles would be much cheaper than cleaning it up.     

渤海石油输灰码头改造钢管桩拔除施工

主要叙述了渤海石油输灰码头改造过程中老码头钢管桩拔除的施工工艺,重点对钢管桩拔除过程中所采取的措施进行了介绍。     

钢箱筒基础结构应用优势及前景

钢箱筒基础结构是由桶形基础发展而来,桶形基础取代桩基作为海上采油平台基础在国内外获得成功应用。结合钢箱筒结构取代抛石基床作为码头和防波堤基础首次在工程中成功应用的实践,论述了钢箱筒结构特点和作用机理。钢箱筒结构具有加工制作快捷、浮运稳定、就位下沉简便、下沉上浮方便可兼作施工平台、后期沉降稳定等特点,拥有节约成本、缩短工期、保证质量等优势。钢箱筒结构在水运工程中尤其是渤海湾淤泥质海岸作为码头和防波堤结构基础拥有很好的应用前景。