道路结构层合并对计算结果的影响

Abaqus可用来模拟分析道路工程中的很多问题。当道路实际结构层层数很多时,可在计算中对材料特性相似的结构层进行合并,这不仅可简化建模过程,且可降低计算机计算成本。通过对道路实际结构层模型和合并结构层模型的计算结果进行对比分析,确定结构层合并对计算结果的影响。结果表明: 在计算路表弯沉时可以用合并层模型替代实际层模型,计算应力、应变时则不可。     

隧道防冻隔温层厚度的计算

提出利用斯蒂芬公式计算围岩最大冻结深度,利用等效厚度换算法计算防冻隔温层厚度。以西北地区某隧道工程为例,分别采用现场实测与斯蒂芬公式计算得到的围岩最大冻结深度和防冻隔温层厚度,计算结果与实测结果的绝对误差为133 %,表明:在没有实测最大冻结深度的情况下,可通过斯蒂芬公式计算围岩最大冻结深度和防冻隔温层厚度。     

路面激励下的6700客车动力总成悬置系统性能分析

针对6700客车动力总成悬置系统在路面激励下的隔振性能进行了分析评估。建立了用于动力总成悬置系统性能分析的13自由度整车系统动力学模型,分析了系统的模态属性,重点讨论了考虑路面随机激励下的动力总成振动响应。对悬置系统隔振性能较差的问题进行了分析,找到了问题的主要原因是车架和悬置子系统存在沿Z向激励下的模态耦合。     

桥面防水粘结层施工质量控制

结合武汉市珞狮南路高架桥防水粘结层施工经验,介绍了防水粘结层的相关技术指标,从原材料选择、桥面板处理、施工工艺等方面对防水粘结层施工质量控制要点进行了总结,为同类项目提供有益参考。     

Engine mount optimisation for vibration isolation in motorcycles

This paper presents a comprehensive model to capture the in-plane dynamics of a motorcycle system to evaluate the quality of its vibration isolation, and the design of an engine mount system. The model consists of two main structural components, the frame and the swing-arm, as well as the power-train assembly, engine mounts connecting the power-train to the frame, and the front-end assembly. The model accounts for frame and swing-arm flexibility using reduced order finite-element models. The power-train assembly is modelled as a rigid body connected to the frame through the engine mounts and to the swing-arm through a shaft assembly. The engine mounts are modelled as tri-axial spring-damper systems, and the front-end assembly is modelled as a lumped mass. The complete vehicle model is used to solve the engine mount optimisation problem, so as to minimise the total force transmitted to the frame while meeting packaging and other constraints. The mount system parameters – stiffness, position and orientation vectors – are used as design variables for the optimisation problem. The imposed loads include forces and moments due to engine imbalance as well as loads transmitted due to high amplitude, low frequency bump loads, through the tyre patch. Since packaging constraints play a significant role in a motorcycle layout, it is, therefore, important to determine the displacement envelope of the power-train under extreme loading conditions to ensure clearance with other components around the power-train. A motorcycle mount system should ideally be able to isolate the frame under steady-state loading conditions and at the same time limit the maximum excursion of the power-train under transient loading conditions.     

Root mean square optimization criterion for vibration behaviour of linear quarter car using analytical methods

In this paper, a linear two-degree-of-freedom quarter car model is used to derive a number of analytical formulae describing the dynamic behaviour of passively suspended vehicles running on a harmonically bumped road. The linearity of the system allows us to analytically investigate the steady-state response characteristics. We derive analytical expressions for the root mean square (RMS) of the sprung mass absolute acceleration and relative displacement. This paper demonstrates the shortcomings of existing classical optimization methods. Hence we introduce a new optimization method based on minimizing the absolute acceleration RMS with respect to the relative displacement RMS. The RMS optimization method is applied for the symbolic derivation of analytical formulae featuring the best compromise among conflicting performance indices pertaining to the vehicle suspension system, i.e., sprung mass acceleration and working space. The proposed optimization technique is utilized to find the optimal damping and stiffness curves for the main suspension. The RMS optimal values are used to create design charts for suspension parameters, which are very useful particularly in the presence of physical constraints such as a limit on relative displacement. We introduce a numerical example to illustrate the optimality of the obtained solutions.     

土工布作水泥混凝土路面隔离层应用研究

主要结合广东、湖南等省高速公路中采用土工布作水泥混凝土路面隔离层进行的路面层间力学性能试验与工程应用研究,探讨了贫混凝土基层上铺筑水泥混凝土面层时采用土工布隔离层与无隔离层时的层间力学性能差别。通过现场试验路施工,总结了土工布用于路面隔离层的施工控制技术。获得的土工布隔离层层间力学性能参数与施工应用技术,为实体工程路面设计、施工控制提供了科学依据。     

用于应力吸收层使用的沥青混合料配合比设计方法研究

根据AC10型细粒式沥青混凝土应力吸收层的设计,提出基于路用性能均衡的应力吸收层的设计方法。即采用最佳紧密状态油石比为下限,谢伦堡析漏试验析漏损失率拐点油石比为上限,并根据路用性能最优确定应力吸收层最佳油石比。通过广西一高速公路实体工程验证,取得了良好的应用效果。     

非结构动网格方法在内燃机数值模拟中的应用

提出了一种动态层和弹性平滑结合的非结构动网格方法,在网格运动方向进行网格合并和分裂。由于动态层方法可视为网格重构方法的特例,提出了一种内燃机缸内过程处理的二阶精度的插值计算方法。当网格运动达到一定条件时,将多组网格层同时合并或分裂,减少了网格合并和分裂次数,提高了计算效率。对于流场计算部分,采用有限体积法离散流场控制方程,运用SIMPLEC算法求解NS方程,开发了内燃机三维CFD数值模拟程序,计算实例表明计算结果与试验值吻合较好。     

浮筏隔振系统有限元模型中基座的等效方法

在浮筏隔振系统中,由于实际基座模型和边界条件比较复杂,其有限元模型通常难以建立。提出基座的等效方法,首先测试基座安装点的原点导纳和传递导纳,然后根据有效点导纳的方法,将各安装点之间的耦合进行简化,将基座等效为多个独立的支撑单元,构成浮筏隔振系统完整的有限元模型。建立等效的浮筏隔振系统有限元模型,估算等效前后两种浮筏隔振系统有限元模型的隔振效果,等效模型的计算结果与参考模型较一致,不论是振级落差的总体趋势还是峰值点,都比较吻合,计算出的振级落差总级相差1.5 dB左右,可以满足工程实际要求。