依靠科技创新加快科技进步——推进公路水路交通全面协调可持续发展

文章回顾了“十五”期间我国交通科技的发展,提出交通科技发展的战略选择与“十一五”应重点关注的若干问题。     

高速公路沥青混凝土桥面病害分析与处治

文章通过对高速公路混凝土桥面铺装出现病害问题,分析病害产生的原因,提出了相应的设计、施工及养护等方面的改进建议和具体方案,对桥面铺装设计和施工有一定的参考价值。     

大体积承台混凝土施工

文章以新寨河特大桥主墩承台施工为例,介绍了大体积混凝土施工的质量控制要点、施工工艺及质量保障措施,并重点讲述了大体积混凝土在施工中,如何预防因温度应力而引起混凝土开裂的温度监测措施。     

南柳高速公路加铺试验段防水防裂层设计研究

文章以南柳高速公路加铺试验段的工程实践为例,介绍该工程利用最大密实线设计混合料矿料级配,选用粘弹性高的SBS改性沥青,经过对不同沥青用量下沥青混合料的性能参数进行测试,得到采用细粒式防水防裂夹层沥青混合料的最佳沥青用量的方法,为类似工程提供参考。     

屏山渡湘江大桥设计

屏山渡湘江大桥采用预应力混凝土连续箱梁,跨径组合为45 270 45m,桥墩高度仅7·4m。文章简要介绍了该桥的总体方案设计、上部结构设计、计算要点以及底板上弯钢束布置,为类似桥梁的设计提供借鉴。     

分割防护在膨胀土路堑边坡中的应用研究

文章在分析广西南宁-友谊关高速公路宁明段膨胀土路堑边坡破坏原因的基础上,提出采用支撑渗沟为主,并辅以其它必要的综合措施的分割防护方案,论述了该方案在膨胀土地区的应用机理,并重点对方案的设计、施工工艺以及施工质量进行了阐述。     

桥梁维修加固中粘贴钢板的造价分析

粘贴钢板是目前广西桥梁维修加同中的常用方法,此方法能充分利用旧桥,降低工程造价,并能尽快恢复通行。文章通过对粘贴钢板的工、料、机、价格构成分析,探讨如何编制补充定额计算粘贴钢板的造价。     

龙潭特长公路隧道运营通风方案比较

龙潭隧道系沪蓉国道主干线宜昌至恩施公路上的特长隧道,长约2×8.7 km,是控制全线工期的重点工程,其运营通风又是整个设计中的关键一环。文章结合工程实际情况,从通风、防灾救援和施工组织等因素综合考虑,介绍了通过技术经济比选确定的相对可靠、经济实用的运营通风方式。     

Experiential Incrementalism: On the Theory and Technique to Implement Transport Plans and Policies

The paper describes an approach to the vexing problem of transport planning and policy. It deals jointly with three questions, which in today's practice are addressed separately: How are hypotheses about transport problems and alternatives to their solution developed? How can a good plan or policy be identified? What is the process of implementing a transport plan or policy? In doing this the paper has the ambitious objective of proposing a new model and process for transport planning and policy. It is applicable in developed and developing countries and is not restricted to the transport sector. The paper builds on, and is a reinterpretation of two cornerstone transport planning and decision-making models – the CATS (Chicago Area Transportation Study) Planning and Design Model and Braybrooke and Lindblom's Disjointed Incrementalism. It advances a technique of experiential incrementalism (termed polisanalysis) to develop and implement plans and policies. It proposes that problems should be diagnosed by observation and continuous data collection; that their continuous analysis, finding the “cure”, and implementation take place through the method of experiential incrementalism. In this method interventions are grounded on the theories of neoinstitutional economics and psychoanalysis and derived using contact function, explained in the paper, which renders the method scientific replicability. Experiential incrementalism can employ a wider array of options in planning and policy than is presently thought possible. Like other scientific methods, its application requires rigorous training.     

Dual extended Kalman filter for vehicle state and parameter estimation

The article demonstrates the implementation of a model-based vehicle estimator, which can be used for combined estimation of vehicle states and parameters. The estimator is realised using the dual extended Kalman filter (DEKF) technique, which makes use of two Kalman filters running in parallel, thus 'splitting' the state and parameter estimation problems. Note that the two problems cannot be entirely separated due to their inherent interdependencies. This technique provides several advantages, such as the possibility to switch off the parameter estimator, once a sufficiently good set of estimates has been obtained. The estimator is based on a four-wheel vehicle model with four degrees of freedom, which accommodates the dominant modes only, and is designed to make use of several interchangeable tyre models. The paper demonstrates the appropriateness of the DEKF. Results to date indicate that this is an effective approach, which is considered to be of potential benefit to the automotive industry.