激光焊接技术在轨道交通车辆中的应用

为解决轨道交通车辆不锈钢车体电阻点焊的外观质量差、密封性差、效率低等缺点,对部分熔透激光焊接工艺在不锈钢车体焊接中的应用开展了研究。研究包括:部分熔透激光叠焊原理、参数优化试验、显微组织分析、疲劳性能分析,以及激光焊接不锈钢车辆侧墙的结构改进。研究结果表明,不锈钢车体焊接中采用部分熔透激光叠焊工艺,可以获得高质量的表面状态及疲劳强度,车体结构强度高于EN12663标准中的要求。     

考虑均衡性的城市轨道交通线路负荷水平评估研究

线路负荷水平的评价工作是优化运输组织方案的重要前提。首先，本文分析了采用单一均值性指标表征负荷水平不能体现线路内负荷分布偏差的问题。为此，从城市轨道交通线路客流与运输能力匹配的角度出发，以列车负荷为评价单元，建立包括负荷均值和标准差率二维指标的线路负荷水平评估模型。负荷均值指标考虑了各评价单元加权计算，以反映每个评价单元对线路负荷水平的贡献程度，标准差率指标表征负荷均衡性。模型分析得出，线路所有区间的运力同等规模变化不影响标准差率指标，相对提高大客流区间或大客流方向上的输送能力能够改善线路负荷的均衡性。算例分析表明：客流方向不均衡系数超过 1.4 时，应考虑运力优化措施以提高运输能力利用的均衡；组织列车大小交路方案和不成对行车模式，能够提高线路负荷的均衡程度。     

真空断路器用单稳态永磁机构概述

本文对单稳态永磁机构与传统机构以及双稳态永磁机构的特点进行了对比,对其结构与工作原理进行了简单说明,并对其发展前景进行了简要探讨。     

Analysis of structural crashworthiness of double-hull ships in collision and grounding

A conceptual design framework for collision and grounding analysis is proposed to evaluate the crashworthiness of double-hull structures. This work attempts to simplify the input parameters needed for the analysis, which can be considered as a step towards a design-oriented procedure against collision and grounding. Four typical collision and grounding scenarios are considered: (1) side structure struck by a bulbous bow, (2) side structure struck by a straight bow, (3) bottom raking, (4) bottom stranding. The analyses of these scenarios are based on statistical data of striking ship dimensions, velocities, collision angles and locations, as well as seabed shapes and sizes, grounding depth and location. The evaluation of the damage extent considers the 50- and 90-percentile values from the statistics of collision and grounding accidents. The external dynamics and internal mechanics are combined to analyse systematically the ship structural damage and energy absorption under accidental loadings.     

基于ANSYS的三通道储罐结构加固及修复技术

以一台三通道储罐为分析对象,此储罐在轻微压力环境下即发生了局部开裂。以ANSYS有限元方法为基础,通过在内部合理布置T型钢加强筋的方式进行结构加固。并在确保结构强度的前提下,计算出了板制T型钢厚度的最优解。自加固修复后,此三通道储罐已安全运行2 a以上,这种基于ANSYS的结构加固及修复技术,体现了良好的工程实用性和经济性。     

自装卸式驮背多功能运输车及关键技术

介绍了自装卸式STX₁/STX₂型驮背多功能运输车的主要技术参数、结构配置及适应的装载工况,阐述了该车的关键技术和站场配套要求。     

船舶开孔梁局部屈曲的无网格MLPG分析方法

[目的]针对船舶开孔梁板易产生局部屈曲效应、受到较高的集中载荷作用会产生明显的结构响应和屈曲破坏力的问题,提出采用无网格数值方法对该类问题进行数值分析。[方法]首先,以问题域离散节点为基础建立其紧支函数,运用加权余量法建立系统位移场离散方程,并由移动最小二乘法构造离散节点的形函数,以获得位移函数的逼近函数;然后,结合经简化的屈曲评估法,将屈曲方程特征值求解进行降阶处理,得到更为精确的屈曲载荷因子;最后,进行算例演示,比较所提方法和传统计算方法并进行验证。[结果]结果显示,所提方法有效,其结果与原结构有着更高的契合度。[结论]针对开孔板梁的无网格法数值分析特性可为分析各种形状的蜂窝状板梁结构提供一种新的思路。     

基于改进密度聚类算法的交通事故地点聚类研究

交通事故特征受地域分布影响显著，本文对交通事故特征进行优化聚类研究.基于 2019年无锡市交通事故数据，调用开放地图接口地理编码解算事故地点经纬度，使用密度聚类算法对事故地点与事故原因进行密度聚类.传统的密度聚类算法依赖距离阈值和样本数阈值的准确输入，为解决这一局限，建立一种自适应搜索距离阈值和样本数阈值的密度聚类模型，并与原始聚类模型进行对比.结果表明，优化算法在参数确定上更加智能，对簇的划分更加准确，对噪声点的识别更加合理.通过机器学习中轮廓系数计算方法计算模型得分，证明了该算法在城市道路交通事故地理位置聚类中的适用性.     

Experimental study on seismic vibration control of an offshore wind turbine with TMD considering soil liquefaction effect

Wind energy is clean and sustainable. Taiwan is establishing offshore wind farms using wind turbines in the Taiwan Strait. However, these are located in an earthquake-prone area with sandy seabed conditions. To ensure their safety and reliability, the turbines’ support structure must be protected against wind, waves, and seismic loads. Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are commonly employed to reduce structural vibrations. A TMD is more simply incorporated into turbine structures than are other energy dissipation devices. In this study, a 1:25-scale test model with a TMD was constructed and subjected to shaking table tests to experimentally simulate the dynamic behavior of a typical 5-MW wind turbine with a jacket-type support structure and pile foundation. The scaled-down wind turbine model has a nacelle without rotating blades; therefore, the aerodynamic and rotational effects due to the rotating blades were ignored in this study. A large laminar shear box filled with saturated sandy ground was used to simulate the typical seabed conditions of Taiwanese offshore wind farms. The TMD system was designed to be tuned the first-mode frequency of the test model. Two ground accelerations, selected by considering wind farm site condition and near-fault characteristics, were used for excitation in the test. The responses of the test model with and without the TMD system were compared, and the influence of soil liquefaction on the effectiveness of TMD vibration control was addressed.     

Simplified buckling-and-contact-based expansion method for assessment of crashworthiness of double-hulled ship structure

Ship-to-ship collision events can have severe consequences such as loss of life and environmental degradation. For this reason, modern ship designs are required to incorporate a double-hulled structure to prevent inner-hull damage from such events. Using the experimental or numerical method to analyze the crashworthiness of double-hulled ship structures entails much effort, for which reason neither method is easy to adopt at the early design stage. In this paper, an existing simplified method called Ito's method is improved by a new buckling-and-contact-based expansion method. This method can be applied to double-hulled-structure or outer-hull-local-rupture failure mode. The perpendicular bow-to-side collision scenario is assumed for a conservative estimation of damage to a double-hulled structure. The method was verified in the present study by numerical ship collision simulations of several cases. The results for the buckling-and-contact-based expansion method and numerical simulation were similar for a blunt shape of striking body but different for a sharp shape.