Development and Deployment of Public Transport Policy and Planning in Taiwan

Over the past decade, the escalating roadway congestion and environmental deterioration due to heavy use of private vehicles have provoked the Taiwan government to realize the importance of public transport systems. Under the “carrot-and-stick” rationales, the government has formulated public transport policies and exercised a series of related initiatives by providing sufficient and higher quality of public transport services so as to attract more private vehicle users. In this paper, the planning philosophy and policy formulation of Taiwan’s public transport development are highlighted. The most important initiatives, including the Five-year Enhancement of Mass Transportation Program and the upgrading public transport schemes in the National Development Plan are examined. Based on previous experience and lessons, we point out the most challenging issues that the government will encounter. Suggestions for the future of public transport planning are also addressed.     

香港地铁运营成本分析及其启示

地铁运营成本是论证项目必要性及可行性的关键,是评价企业运营效率的核心指标,是影响地铁票价水平的重要因素。由于地铁运营成本复杂性等多种因素,各地政府及运营企业难以有效掌控地铁运营成本。以香港地铁为例,采用定量分析与定性分析相结合的方法,以定量的手段分析地铁运营成本的具体构成,研究各成本组成项的特征及其变化规律,进而从定性的角度对地铁建设、运营以及管理提出了相应建议。     

新建市域(郊)铁路可持续发展研究

结合市域(郊)铁路的功能定位、技术途径选择、建设运营模式及车站综合开发,就目前新建市域(郊)铁路可持续发展方面存在的问题进行分析和研究,在满足市域(郊)铁路基本客运需求的前提下,考虑富余运力兼顾货运以提高项目收入,采用混合所有制建设运营以减少建设运营成本和延长还本付息期限及车站综合开发方式,提出可持续发展的建议.     

财富积累与可持续发展:华村的启示

财富的积累与社会的变迁相联系。华村集体与村民财富的积累得益于城市化和市场经济的机遇。经济精英的创新作为是华村可持续发展的主体动因。     

船舶外场涂装无组织排放现状与法规分析

涂装作为造修船主要支柱环节,在人员健康、环境等的要求下,面临绿色化发展的转型升级的需求.基于船舶外场涂装作业大气污染治理的紧迫性,文章梳理了船舶涂装的现状,进而归纳及对比了国内外大气污染无组织排放的环保标准/法规,提出了船舶绿色涂装的发展建议.旨在为船舶企业提供涂装排放限值及要求相关的参考依据,降低对环境的危害,促进船...     

台北公共交通月及无车日活动回顾与展望

台北国际无车日自2002年起举办了5次,由最早的骑自行车活动扩大至包含“走路上学日”与“公共交通月”丰富多彩的系列活动,渐渐获得民众认同。无车日活动的目标是通过活动的倡导和社会参与来改变民众使用交通工具的行为,潜移默化的效应可促使形成可持续交通政策,当可持续交通政策与基础设施建设落实后又可具体改变交通环境,形成良性的循环机制。首先说明了“无车日”的由来,并回顾台北都会区过去5年来举行无车日系列活动的内容与经验,同时基于活动的发展与成果归纳出无车日活动的成功要素,最后提出未来活动将扩大举办的内容、方式与展望,以期能为其他城市作参考。     

Sustainable Governance of Norwegian Aquaculture and the Administrative Reform: Dilemmas and Challenges

This article discusses the impact of the Norwegian government's administrative reform on the management of the Norwegian aquaculture industry and coastal areas. The 2010 reform of government administration strengthened the County Councils’ role in issues of aquaculture at the expense of the regional offices of the Directorate of Fisheries. The aim of the reform was to increase self-governance through decentralization. However, international trends in coastal zone and marine resource management are moving in the opposite direction, aiming at more integrated and ecosystem-based approaches involving the management of larger, rather than smaller, geographic regions. This article examines the possible effects of this reform in light of the move from government to governance, and in the context of a broad policy shift toward a more integrated, ecosystem-based management (EBM) of the coastal zone. Based on insights from multi-level and coastal zone governance debates, we argue that an unintended consequence of the Norwegian administrative reform could be increased fragmentation of the aquaculture governance system, as well as a reduced capacity to implement EBM-related measures. At the same time, the reform might improve coastal zone planning, although a further step toward integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) would require a greater delegation of authority to the County Councils.     

疏浚助推经济与城市可持续发展

回顾中外疏浚业发展史,尤其是中国近现代民族疏浚业起步、萧条、恢复、发展的艰辛历程。从城市产业支撑、城市空间发展、城市环境治理的角度,介绍现代疏浚业对社会经济和城市建设的巨大作用,阐述疏浚在城市可持续发展过程中肩负的重要使命——让城市更宜居、让环境更美好。     

港口环境承载力概念及其影响因素初探

港口环境承载力作为衡量港口可持续发展的重要指标,其概念和影响因素亟待研究。根据环境科学中有关环境容量和环境承载力的相关理论,结合港口可持续发展的要求,提出港口环境承载力的概念并对其影响因素进行了分析,认为港口环境承载力受港口的自然条件、软硬件条件、周边及腹地交通条件、社会经济条件、能源资源条件和环境污染水平的共同影响。港口环境承载力概念及其影响因素的研究将为港口承载力的定量评估提供理论基础。     

悉尼与中国城市公共交通绩效的比较研究

为完善悉尼市城市公共交通优先发展政策体系,实现悉尼市“可持续城市交通”愿景,借鉴中国“公交都市”示范项目的指导方针和指标体系,建立了一个基于公共交通绩效水平的评估指标体系,利用中国“公交都市”示范项目数据和悉尼市公共交通运营开放数据,分别计算了各城市的公共交通绩效水平。将悉尼市与中国“公交都市”示范项目试点城市的公共交通发展水平进行了比较研究。结果表明,悉尼市现有交通运输模式为主要依赖小汽车方式出行,虽然悉尼市在促进交通方式转变和新技术应用方面取得了一些进展,但其整体的公共交通服务水平远落后于中国“公交都市”示范项目试点城市。通过借鉴中国城市在“公交都市”示范项目实践中的经验,结合悉尼城市交通发展战略与规划,明确了悉尼市出台“从依赖小汽车出行转变为公共交通优先出行”导向政策的必要性,并提出了多项促进城市公共交通优先发展的政策建议,用以支持悉尼市实现“世界上最宜居城市之一”的发展目标。