车辆折算系数的分类及算法

提出了标准车的选择原则:车长等于约定的长度;当交通流密度很小时,以道路设计速度行驶;驾驶员遵守交通规则。定义了微观车辆折算系数:交通流全部由标准车组成时的流量与交通流全部由某种车组成时的流量之比。定义了聚类车辆折算系数:组成该类车型的所有自然车的微观折算系数与组成比例的乘积之和。定义了宏观车辆折算系数:组成混合交通流的所有自然车的微观折算系数与组成比例的乘积之和。计算了这三种车辆折算系数。     

高液限土的改良技术研究

高液限土主要分布于我国南方地区,是公路修筑中常见的特殊土之一,我国有关规范规定其不得直接用于路基的填筑。本文对广东某高速公路的高液限土进行了详细的室内稳定剂改良试验,得出了不同处治方法的改良效果。铺筑了采用康耐稳定剂改良的高液限土试验路,并进行了相应的观测,初步明确了康耐稳定剂改良高液限土路基的稳定效果。     

新疆公路三级区划中环境参数的提出

自然环境条件对公路工程的影响，主要体现在路线选取、路基强度和稳定性、路面稳定性和耐久性、公路主要自然病害(包括冻融、翻浆、雪害、风沙害、崩塌、滑坡和地震灾害等)、施工条件和养护运营环境等5个方面，分析自然条件和公路工程的关系，提出公路区划中地质地貌环境参数和水热状况环境参数。阐述了环境参数的提出过程，为新疆公路自然区划三级区的划分提供依据。     

浅谈FAS双中心建设及设备维护

重点分析了西安局集团公司由2K数调主系统组网更新改造为FAS双中心网络的建设方法,并根据日常维护经验,列举了调度台通道故障处理、FASB简易故障判断及计表倒换试验、FASA和FASB系统与MSC之间的业务故障处理等.     

Autonomous cars: The tension between occupant experience and intersection capacity

Systems that enable high levels of vehicle-automation are now beginning to enter the commercial marketplace. Road vehicles capable of operating independently of real-time human control under an increasing set of circumstances will likely become more widely available in the near future. Such vehicles are expected to bring a variety of benefits. Two such anticipated advantages (relative to human-driver vehicle control) are said to be increased road network capacity and the freeing up of the driver-occupant’s time to engage in their choice of leisurely or economically-productive (non-driving) tasks.In this study we investigate the implications for intersection capacity and level-of-service of providing occupants of automated (without real-time human control), autonomously-operating (without vehicle-to-X communication) cars with ride quality that is equivalent (in terms of maximum rates of longitudinal and lateral acceleration) to two types of rail systems: [urban] light rail transit and [inter-urban] high-speed rail. The literature suggests that car passengers start experiencing discomfort at lower rates of acceleration than car drivers; it is therefore plausible that occupants of an autonomously-operating vehicle may wish to instruct their vehicle to maneuver in a way that provides them greater ride comfort than if the vehicle-control algorithm simply mimicked human-driving-operation.On the basis of traffic microsimulation analysis, we found that restricting the dynamics of autonomous cars to the acceleration/deceleration characteristics of both rail systems leads to reductions in a signalized intersection’s vehicle-processing capacity and increases in delay. The impacts were found to be larger when constraining the autonomous cars’ dynamics to the more-restrictive acceleration/deceleration profile of high-speed rail. The scenarios we analyzed must be viewed as boundary conditions, because autonomous cars’ dynamics were by definition never allowed to exceed the acceleration/deceleration constraints of the rail systems. Appropriate evidence regarding motorists’ preferences does not exist at present; establishing these preferences is an important item for the future research agenda.This paper concludes with a brief discussion of research needs to advance this line of inquiry.     

Travel time estimation from sparse floating car data with consistent path inference: A fixed point approach

Estimation of urban network link travel times from sparse floating car data (FCD) usually needs pre-processing, mainly map-matching and path inference for finding the most likely vehicle paths that are consistent with reported locations. Path inference requires a priori assumptions about link travel times; using unrealistic initial link travel times can bias the travel time estimation and subsequent identification of shortest paths. Thus, the combination of path inference and travel time estimation is a joint problem. This paper investigates the sensitivity of estimated travel times, and proposes a fixed point formulation of the simultaneous path inference and travel time estimation problem. The methodology is applied in a case study to estimate travel times from taxi FCD in Stockholm, Sweden. The results show that standard fixed point iterations converge quickly to a solution where input and output travel times are consistent. The solution is robust under different initial travel times assumptions and data sizes. Validation against actual path travel time measurements from the Google API and an instrumented vehicle deployed for this purpose shows that the fixed point algorithm improves shortest path finding. The results highlight the importance of the joint solution of the path inference and travel time estimation problem, in particular for accurate path finding and route optimization.     

基于AR模型的并靠两船相对运动预报研究

根据两船相对运动的特点,利用两船模相对运动的测量数据,运用基于自回归模型的时间序列分析法,建立了两船相对运动的数学模型,并给出了运动姿态的预报值.通过本方法的研究,可以得到满意的相对运动预报精度,为两船补给波浪、补偿装置的开发打下了理论基础.     

长大货物车适应THDS轴温探测技术的研究

针对不适应THDS轴温探测系统的长大货物车,分析论证了现车轴箱改进方案适应THDS轴温探测的不足,并提出了轴箱优化方案。经计算、试验和装车验证表明,新轴箱可行、有效、安全,满足THDS轴温探测要求,保证了长大货物车运输安全。     

复杂载荷下裂纹SIF计算的子模型技术

对船舶与海洋工程结构物进行疲劳评估,首先要通过子模型技术解决复杂应力场中裂纹应力强度因子(SIF)的计算问题。针对子模型技术实现过程繁杂且效率较低的问题,分别提出"逐周分层法","转换矩阵法"及"映射划分法"并基于VBA及APDL语言编写插件MPCarrangerV1.0,FEMcoortransferV1.0及CrackmapperV1.0,解决从Patran整体有限元模型到Ansys子模型时壳体单元间MPC创建低效、不同坐标系间节点位置转换困难及裂纹自由划分的局限性问题。基于DNV及ABS相关规范,以某B型LNG燃料舱的疲劳热点为例,对改进的子模型技术进行验证,结果表明经改进的子模型技术可成功施加合理边界条件并实现SIF的求解,可为子模型技术快速实现复杂载荷下裂纹SIF的准确计算提供参考。     

考虑空车调配协调的货物列车开行方案优化研究

为实现空车调配与货物列车开行方案协调优化，结合基本运行图架构与车流径路，构建货运时空服务拓展网络。考虑配空与装卸取送、集编发等环节的时间接续要求，节点与区段不对流空车要求，以重车流全程运送与空车配送等广义总费用最少为目标，建立整数规划弧路模型。针对既有算法设计局限性，结合重车或空车配空的时间接续要求，提出将不同的 k 短路重车流方案与空车配空方案相关联的改进可行解构造方法，设计混合差分进化求解算法。实例研究表明，考虑空车调配进行重车、空车流组织协调优化，能够减少空车走行费用，及时满足装车需求，有效保证作业车流配合中转车流集结编组及时挂线，提高方案可实施性。