道路交通事故紧急救援保障体系与技术支持

我国汽车保有量仅占全球汽车保有量的3%,而每年死于交通事故的人数约占全球死于交通事故人数的15%20%,尤其交通事故致死率是日本等国家的1020倍。本文就此现象进行基本原因的分析,并着重对交通事故紧急救援保障体系与技术支持问题进行探讨。     

精密仪器中光电探测器件的特性与选用

在光电技术产业化过程中，光电器件的重要性日益显现。光电器件的种类很多，功能各异。如何掌握各种光电器件的特性及正确选用光电器件是光电技术实际应用中的关键。在对一个光电系统的性能指标进行评价时，系统所选用的光电器件的性能参数指标已经成为最重要的影响因素之一。本文介绍了常用光电器件的主要特性，对常用光电器件进行了对比。讨论了光电器件应用选择时的注意事项与技巧，并对选用光电器件的基本原则进行了总结。     

3D brush model to predict longitudinal tyre characteristics

A 3D tyre brush model, which aims to predict the longitudinal tyre characteristic under steady-state conditions by modelling the occurring physical effects in the tyre–road contact patch, is presented. The model includes an analytical method to describe the tyre footprint geometry, the pressure distribution, the slip due to the lateral tyre contour, the slip due to braking or traction and the longitudinal as well as the lateral shear stresses on a flattened tyre. The presented development tool offers a method to investigate different rubber friction data (caused by different tread compounds and/or surface textures) and to analyse its influence on longitudinal tyre characteristics. The tyre design is fixed (same casing, dimension and pattern). The results include the shear stresses as well as the different sliding velocities in the contact patch for different slip conditions. The model was developed for a standard summer pattern design and a standard tyre dimension (205/55R16). It can also be adapted to other tread designs and tyre dimensions. To offer a good comparability between model results and test bench measurements, the surface curvature of an internal test rig is considered.     

Application of the Pareto-optimal approach for selecting dynamic characteristics of seat suspension systems

In this paper, a method for selecting the dynamic characteristics of seat suspension systems is presented. The basic principle of such a method consists in the shaping of nonlinear seat suspension dynamic behaviour for the different requirements defined by machine operators. A combined optimisation procedure has allowed to find the Pareto-optimal system configuration with simultaneous minimisation of conflicted optimisation criteria: the suspended body acceleration and suspension travel. As an example of the proposed method, the seat with a viscous-elastic passive suspension is investigated and its vibro-isolation properties are shaped by the air-spring and shock-absorber force characteristics.     

汽车玻璃升降器失效控制技术

随着经济社会的持续快速发展,汽车玻璃升降器构造技术迎来了前所未有的重大发展机遇,如何采取有效控制技术方法,全面提升汽车玻璃升降器运行效果,成为业内广泛关注的焦点课题之一。基于此,本文首先介绍了汽车玻璃升降器的基本组成与原理,分析了汽车玻璃升降器的失效分析与处理技术,并结合相关实践经验,分别从严格执行玻璃升降器技术规范要求等多个角度与方面,探讨了优化汽车玻璃升降器失效控制效果的有效策略,阐述了个人对此的几点浅见,望对汽车玻璃升降器失效控制实践有所裨益。     

加强高职院校法制教育,全面提高学生法律素养

分析了高职院校大学生法制教育中存在的问题及其产生的原因。指出应当对高职院校法制教育进行重新认识并给予正确定位,通过提高大学生法制教育的实效性来全面提高高职大学生的法律素养。     

预防和减少建筑墙面几种裂缝的技术措施

通过对大量砖混结构的民用住宅、框架结构的办公楼等多种建筑的调查发现,多数建筑都存在着不同形式的裂缝,这些裂缝一旦出现便很难弥补,但许多裂缝是有规律可循的,对这些裂缝进行了总结。     

能效设计指数EEDI功率曲线的直接计算方法

船舶能效规则强制生效后，所有适用船舶必须满足Attained EEDI≤Requied EEDI的条件，因此准确估算或预报功率曲线从而计算得到Attained EEDI将对适用船型具有极为重要的意义。根据国内外关于功率-转速-航速预报的最新进展，依据螺旋桨敞水性能图谱，采用KT/J^2系数，给出了功率曲线的直接计算方法，经实际算例验证，该方法相对传统的间接计算方法更为清晰简便，且结果准确可靠。     

超大跨度双跨钢桁梁悬索桥动力特性分析和模态试验

以跨径布置460 m+1480 m+491 m的一座双跨钢桁梁悬索桥结构为工程背景,充分考虑结构几何非线性效应、大位移非线性效应等因素的影响,建立了算例桥梁的MIDAS空间有限元分析模型,对基本动力特性进行了仿真分析和结构振动试验测试;对成桥结构进行动力特征参数测试,并与理论计算值进行了对比分析,该桥实测动力特征参数与对应理论计算值基本吻合,且测试值大于理论计算值,这表明成桥结构实测刚度大于理论设计目标值。