汽车机械故障原因及防范措施

自中国改革开放以来我国的经济得到了飞速的提升,人们的生活质量和生活水平也在日新月异的变化,在现今时代汽车已经普及到了千家万户,成为了人们日常生活的必需品,也正因为如此汽车机械故障的原因及防范措施也逐渐受到了人们的关注,本文也就汽车故障产生的原因进行了分析,并寻找出相对应的解决策略。     

轻型悬索桥的调查与分析

轻型悬索桥在我国的河谷山涧地区以及城市人行桥中应用较广泛,但对其结构设计特点尚未有较系统的总结。文中在大量收集国内已建轻型悬索桥资料的基础上,从桥跨、加劲梁以及主索等方面分析总结其设计特点,包括轻型悬索桥的适用跨径、桥跨布置特点,加劲梁的截面形式、高跨比,主索材料、垂跨比和锚固形式等。     

融合D-S理论的锅炉人因贝叶斯网络安全性定量分析

针对船用锅炉人因安全性分析中存在的知识不确定性,采用D-S证据理论对多专家信息进行融合并建立考虑人因的贝叶斯网络,得到节点条件概率的区间表示形式.经加权平均后代入贝叶斯网络计算,与面向对象贝叶斯网络和FTA等方法的对比显示,该方法能够更加有效地融合不同专家信息,也更为符合工程实际.     

Improving the estimation of total and direction-based heavy-duty vehicle annual average daily traffic

Abstract

The estimation of annual average daily traffic (AADT) is an important parameter collected and maintained by all US departments of transportation. There have been many past research studies that have focused on ways to improve the estimation of AADT. This paper builds upon previous research and compares eight methods, both traditional and cluster-based methodologies, for aggregating monthly adjustment factors for heavy-duty vehicles (US Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classes 4–13). In addition to the direct comparison between the methodologies, the results from the analysis of variance show at the 95% confidence level that the four cluster-based methods produce statistically lower variance and coefficient of variation over the more traditional approaches. In addition to these findings – which are consistent with previous total volume studies – further analysis is performed to compare total heavy-duty monthly adjustment factors, both directions of traffic, with direction-based monthly adjustment factors. The final results show that the variance as well as the coefficient of variation improve on average by 25% when directional aggregate monthly adjustment factors are used instead of total direction.     

船用柴油机凸轮轴的断裂失效分析

船用主柴油机凸轮轴断裂失效时有发生且原因复杂,全面、客观地评估凸轮轴断裂失效的原因是解决该问题的重要途径。文章结合柴油机凸轮轴断裂故障实例,依据凸轮轴结构特性、失效模式,归纳总结出凸轮轴断裂失效分析的一般程序,并成功应用于查找某船用主柴油机的凸轮轴断裂失效的主要原因。结果表明,断裂失效分析过程具有较高的工作效率和质量,分析结果客观准确可信。     

新建沈阳南站东西子站房连体结构设计

研究目的:新建沈阳南站东西子站房屋顶网架结构支座落在两个塔上,使整体结构成为连体结构,结构受力复杂,本文旨在研究屋顶网架采用不同支座形式结构整体受力的特点,确定合适的网架支座形式。研究结论:通过对东西站房屋顶网架支座形式采用双向弹簧支座和固定铰支座进行结构整体受力的对比,计算分析表明采用双向弹簧支座后,可以有效地减低屋顶网架结构对支承框架柱的水平推力,并且温度应力大大减小。本文还进行了罕遇地震下的时程分析,得到了网架支座在罕遇地震作用下的最大变形量,选用的双向弹簧支座允许变形量应能满足罕遇地震作用下的最大变形量。     

某载货车转向盘偏转问题分析与改进

通过对悬架与转向拉杆的跳动干涉分析,解决了某载货车在装载过程中出现的转向盘偏离中间位置的转动问题,最后结合转向盘自由转角,给出了悬架与转向拉杆跳动干涉值要求。     

故障树分析与危险源日志的结合

主要介绍故障树分析方法,并结合工作经验讲述如何将故障树分析结果与危险源日志进行对应链接,从而清晰、形象的为危险源的来源提供有力证据,规范项目技术风险管理。     

鲁尔泵振动问题的原因分析与处理

针对输油站使用的鲁尔ZLMIP型泵振动问题,经过现场实际运行情况的调研,搜集整理日常维修作业中发现的问题,找出了造成泵振动的主要原因,具体对泵转子的动不平衡、机组同心度、滑动轴承、泵体内压力脉动等影响泵振动的主要因素进行认真分析,并逐一进行整改跟踪,提出了解决方案并进行了现场落实,解决了泵的振动问题,实现了泵的正常运转。     

Prioritization of failure risk in subsea flexible pipes via data envelopment analysis

Risk-based inspection is nowadays the predominant approach to structural integrity assurance in complex engineering systems, such as those designed for and operated in deepwater environments. One of the major tasks in risk-based planning is risk ranking of the components comprising an engineering system. In this paper, a mathematical model based on data envelopment analysis is developed for this purpose, whereby two types of weights are employed: subjective judgmental weights which are provided as input, and objective which constitute the output of the model. The use of the mathematical model is illustrated in a real world system of subsea flexible pipes, which operational in the south Atlantic Shelf off the Southeast Coast of Brazil.