论海运提单的运输合同属性

通过提单的历史演变及有关立法及业务实际程序考察,论述提单的运输合同属性,更正有关立法的误会。     

新型码头钢-混凝土组合面板

基于特殊需要,提出了带型钢加劲肋的钢板-混凝土组合板这一新型组合码头面板。以加劲肋形式、组合板厚度和栓钉布置为参数,进行了9块组合板的力学性能试验。试验结果表明,通过适当地选择型钢加劲肋形式、合理地布置栓钉和确定混凝土厚度,可以保证组合作用的发挥。组合板的正截面承载力可按基于修正平截面假定的极限状态计算;组合板的变形,可在按现行钢结构设计规范计算的基础上,加上考虑界面滑移影响的附加变形值予以修正。计算值与试验值吻合较好。     

Distribution of suspended sediment in the coastal sea off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River mouth: observation from TM data

Remote sensing technique was applied to estimate suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and to understand transportation, distribution and deposition of suspended sediment in the estuary and throughout the coastal sea, off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River mouth. During low river discharge period, zone of turbidity maximum is inferred in the estuary near the shore. SSC map shows that maximum SSC reaches 1050 mg/l in this period. Magnitude of SSC is mainly owing to resuspension of the bottom surface sediments induced by tidal currents flowing over shallow water depths. The influence of depth on resuspension is farther revealed from the distribution and magnitude of SSC along the head of Swatch of No Ground (SNG) submarine canyon. During high river discharge period, huge river outflow pushed the salt wedge and flashes away the suspended sediments in the coastal sea off the river mouth. Zone of turbidity maximum is inferred in the coastal water approximately within 5–10 m depth of water, where the maximum SSC reaches 1700 mg/l. In this period, huge fluvial input of the suspended sediments including the resuspended bottom sediments and the particles remaining in suspension for longer period of time since their initial entry control mainly the magnitude of SSC. In the estuary near the shore, seasonal variation in the magnitude of SSC is not evident. In the coastal sea (>5 m water depth), seasonal influence in the magnitude of SSC could be concluded from the discrepancy between SSC values of two different seasons. Transportation and deposition of suspended sediments also experiences seasonal variations. At present, suspended sediments are being accumulated on the shallow shelf (between 5 and 10 m water depth) in low discharge period and on the mid-shelf (between 10 and 75 m water depth) during high discharge period. An empirical (exponential) relationship was found between gradual settle down of suspended sediments in the coastal sea and its lateral distance from the turbidity maximum.     

Multiphysic modelling of railway vehicles equipped with pneumatic suspensions

This article presents a multidisciplinary approach of railway pneumatic suspension modelling: both multibody and pneumatic aspects are taken into account. The work aims at obtaining a realistic model of the secondary suspension and coupling it with a multibody model of a train. Various components of the pneumatic circuit such as bellows, tanks, pipes and valves are taken into account. The article focuses on the bellow-pipe-tank subsystem for which several modelling approaches are presented and compared. Differences between differential and algebraic models are highlighted, and an application-dependent choice between them is suggested. A complete model of the pneumatic circuit is then obtained and coupled with a multibody model of the train. As a result, the behaviour of a suburban train equipped with a pneumatic secondary suspension is analysed, in particular undesired oscillating motions which affect the comfort. Topological modifications and improvements of the suspension are also investigated and discussed.     

加强领导落实责任认真做好青藏铁路建设用地管理工作

铁路建设用地验收交接的技术性、专业性、政策性较强,涉及面广。青藏铁路公司建设管理部采取“结合实际、突出重点、全面指导、整体推进”的做法,加强与地方政府土地管理部门的联系,参加建设用地的征用和施工用地的管理工作;主动与建设单位沟通,共商建设用地管理的对策;统一竣工资料的标准,保证竣工资料的齐全、规范;牢固树立为运输生产服务的理念,依法、规范、科学地管理铁路建设用地,保证建设用地交接完整、准确、规范地进行。     

基于层次灰色模型的铁路技术创新绩效综合评价

运用技术创新基本理论,结合铁路技术创新实际,从效益(经济、社会)增长、市场状态(市场份额、市场营销)改善和创新主体素质(技术装备水平、管理水平)提高3个方面建立了评价铁路技术创新绩效的多级指标体系。将层次分析法(AHP)和灰色系统理论结合起来建立了层次灰色评价模型(HGM),运用该模型对铁路技术创新绩效分别从整体和分项进行了综合评价,得出:铁路技术创新绩效绩优度为“一般”,其主要原因在于铁路运输市场状态改善中市场份额扩大程度较低。实证分析结果表明:改进层次灰色评价法(层次灰色评价模型)为一种评价铁路技术创新绩效的有效方法。     

浅谈我国现行公路工程监理制度

介绍了工程监理制度的产生对保证质量的重要作用 ,同时指出现行的监理制度与过去的管理体制相比更全面、更规范、更适应现代社会、经济建设需要。     

变压器换位导线股间短路点的查找与排除

变压器线圈制造过程中经常出现换位(组合)导线有股间短路现象,如何查找短路点并且有效地排除故障显得很重要。本文介绍目前常用的几种短路点的查找和排除方法。     

全国水运货运量预测的灰色系统模型

介绍灰色控制系统的基本理论，并给出了全国水运货运量预测的GM（1，1）模型，可供水运部门制定规划时参考。     

平溃散对实验性胃溃疡模型的影响

作者观察了平溃散对多种实验性胃溃疡模型的作用。结果表明：平溃散可非常显著的对抗束缚应激法和消炎痛加乙醇所致的小鼠胃溃疡；对幽门结扎法及ＨＣｌ损伤法所致大鼠胃溃疡模型也有明显对抗作用。各组分研究表明：平溃散基础方组、全方组、绞股蓝组和沙棘组均有显著的抗溃疡作用，但以全方组抗溃疡作用最佳。