双肢柱空腹桁架分离式外套结构加层方案分析

针对普通分离式外套框架加层结构存在底层柔性、抗侧刚度突变和底层大跨度等问题,提出双肢柱空腹桁架外套加层结构形式．应用有限元程序SAP2000,对若干种双肢柱空腹桁架结构形式进行了反应谱分析和静力分析,分别考察了双肢柱腹杆形式和数量对抗侧刚度的影响,以及空腹桁架杆件布置方式和数量对抗侧刚度、弯距、剪力、跨中挠度等的影响．分析结果表明：斜腹杆系双肢柱空腹桁架结构可有效提高底层抗侧刚度,竖向抗侧刚度较均匀,而且各层弯矩峰值显著减少并趋于均匀,是房屋加层中值得考虑的一种方案．     

波折开孔板连接件基本力学性能试验

为了研究和开发钢与混凝土组合结构中的新型连接件,提出了一种新型连接件——波折开孔板连接件。进行了3个波折开孔板连接件推出试验和3个普通开孔板连接件推出试验,测试了这2种连接件的基本力学性能,对试验结果进行了比较和分析,得到了波折开孔板连接件的荷载-滑移关系,并拟合出在正常使用状态和极限承载力状态下的相对刚度表达式。试验结果表明：波折开孔板连接件具有优越的力学性能,其抗剪强度比普通开孔板连接件提高24%,其抗剪刚度比开孔板连接件也有较大提高,达到极限荷载时其延性为普通开孔板连接件的1.9倍。     

空间梁单元显式切线刚度矩阵推导

在开展桥梁、房屋、网壳、网架等杆系结构几何非线性分析或极限承载力计算时,需要空间梁单元的切线刚度矩阵。基于非线性问题的一般平衡方程和空间梁单元的非线性几何方程,推导应力应变一般线弹性关系下的空间梁单元显式切线刚度矩阵,该刚度矩阵中包含了由初应力和初应变产生的初应力刚度矩阵,为空间有限元程序的编制奠定了基础。     

Experimental research on dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness for longitudinal vibration control of propulsion shafting system北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］In order to control the first longitudinal vibration mode of propulsion shafting systems, a dynamic vibration absorber with disc spring negative stiffness is proposed and its experimental verification carried out. ［Methods］A test bench is established for the propulsion shafting system containing a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness. According to the first longitudinal vibration mode of the shafting, a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness integrated into the thrust bearing is developed. Vibration transmission tests under different rotational speeds, static thrusts and negative stiffness are then carried out, and acceleration response data on the thrust bearing foundation and shafting is obtained. ［Results ］ The results show that the developed dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness can achieve vibration suppression of 7.8 dB for the thrust bearing foundation in the first longitudinal mode of the propulsion shafting with a mass ratio of 1.6%, and the vibration control effect of the negative stiffness dynamic vibration absorber is maintained at 3.3 dB when the natural frequency changes by 5% and the thrust changes by 40%. The vibration response on the thrust bearing foundation and shafting do not deteriorate even at non-optimal negative stiffness. ［Conclusions］This study shows that a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness can effectively suppress vibration transmission at the first longitudinal mode of a shafting under different rotational speeds. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

Support condition monitoring of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines in layered soil based on model updating

Monopile-supported offshore wind turbines (OWTs) are dynamically sensitive structures whose fundamental frequencies may be close to those of environmental and turbine-related excitations. The changes in fundamental frequencies caused by pile-soil interaction (PSI) may result in unwanted resonance and serious O&M (Operation and Maintenance) issues, which have been identified as major challenges in the research field. Therefore, a novel model updating framework with an implicit objective function is proposed to monitor both the stiffness and damping variation of the OWT system based on the measured vibration characteristics, which is further verified by laboratory tests. In particular, layered soil was considered in the tests to simulate the practical soil conditions of Chinese seas. Different pile lengths were introduced to consider the long-term PSI effects for rigid piles and slender piles. The results showed that the variation in the fundamental frequency is significantly reduced in layered soil compared with the pure sand scenario. For the OWT systems in layered soil, the variation in foundation stiffness is negatively related to the burial depth under cyclic loading. The proposed model updating framework is proven reliable for support condition monitoring of OWT systems in complicated soil conditions.     

基于有限元分析的桥墩钢模的结构优化分析

以某特大桥桥墩混凝土施工中钢模板设计为背景，结合Midas Civil有限元分析软件建模仿真分析该钢模板在混凝土侧压力作用下的各构件受力，通过改变对拉杆刚度、对拉杆位置来确定钢模板整体结构的最优受力，结果表明：在一定的对拉杆刚度情况下，合理的对拉杆位置对结构整体受力有着很大的提升；增加对拉杆刚度可以加强结构受力，但该过程不是无止境的增加，而是非线性的，增加到一定刚度情况下结构受力达到一个相对稳固状态；同时提出一些在钢模板设计和检算中的主要问题并提出改善建议。     

Modelling upheaval buckling in marine buried pipelines by coupling the shear stresses and soft soil stiffness

Buried marine pipelines employed in the Oil & Gas industry are subjected to pressure and temperature gradients, which cand produce local high compression loads leading to the onset of upheaval buckling failure. Upheaval buckling occurs when the localized stresses across the pipeline are high enough to induce constant deformation due to the low soil restriction in the upward direction. Therefore, models to predict upheaval buckling in buried marine pipes caused by high pressure and high temperature (HP/HT) and soil stiffness have been developed based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory (EBT). However, this theory does not consider stresses and strains due to shear stresses which can play an important role in upheaval buckling failure. Therefore, in this work an analytical model that takes into account Engesser-Timoshenko beam theory (TBT) and considers the shear effects on pipelines was developed to predict upheaval buckling in buried marine pipelines. Furthermore, equations that govern vertical buckling of buried pipelines considering a plastic soil with initial imperfection were considered. Analytical results were compared with finite element models of buried pipeline and other models reported in the literature, and it was observed that analytical results fall in the range of those reposted in the literature. It was also observed that the incorporation of shear stresses in buried marine pipelines has low effect on upheaval buckling onset and propagation, but the soil stiffness has a strong influence on upheaval failure in buried marine pipelines.     

低速柴油机推进轴系频域稳态扭转振动分析

以载重10 000 t低速柴油机推进轴系为研究对象，创建其当量系统模型。基于系统矩阵法对推进轴系进行自由振动分析，求得扭转振动固有频率和振型。研究柴油机在全转速下的气体和往复惯性激励力矩，针对推进轴系在柴油机和螺旋桨共同激励下的频域稳态扭转振动响应特性进行计算，求得推进轴系扭转振动的主谐次、共振转速点和推进轴系各部件的应力值。结果表明，推进轴系在低阶频率振动时气缸和中间轴振幅较大，推进轴系应力远小于材料的屈服强度，船舶能够安全稳定航行，同时为推进轴系时域瞬态扭转振动研究打下基础。     

面向刚度设计的 GFRP 和 VRB/GFRP 混合层合板应变能密度分布研究

针对 VRB/GFRP混合结构刚度优化设计复杂而耗时这一问题，利用有限元法分析了 GFRP铺层角度和铺层数量、VRB厚度分布形式对两种层合板刚度特性及各组分应变能密度分布的影响规律。研究结果表明，应变能密度越小能表征更好的刚度性能；抗弯与抗凹工况下，采用# （0/90） 铺层角度、增加 GFRP铺层数量以及 VRB采用 0.9-1.8-0.9 mm 的厚度分布形式时，VRB/GFRP层合板各组分的应变能密度分布更加均匀，从而获得更好的刚度性能。     

聚乙烯塑料排水管道的选用方法简析

塑料管道以其良好的耐腐蚀性及防渗性能在市政排水中运用得越来越广泛。但由于塑料管道的结构计算为管土共同作用,相对于其它刚性管道较为特殊,考虑因素较多,且无图集可供选用,导致很多设计人员对塑料管道的选用无从下手,很难分清影响管道安全的主要因素。现通过大量的计算对塑料管道适用覆土范围进行总结,并提出选用应考虑的主要因素,以方便设计人员在保证结构安全的前提下,经济合理地选用塑料管道。