冲积黏土对格型钢板桩振沉施工的影响

格型钢板桩在黏土的施工过程中,地质环境和施工工艺的影响因素会因钢板桩锁扣之间的拉力过大而导致施工困难。结合港珠澳大桥香港口岸人工岛项目的格型钢板桩施工进行分析,给出根据项目CPT试验结果进行施工难度分析的量化指标,为类似工程的施工提供借鉴。     

选择性催化还原技术在多功能水下作业支持船上的应用

氮氧化物(NOX)是船舶柴油机排放废气中危害环境的主要成分。通过研究船舶废气NOX的形成机理,结合当前国际海事组织的最新公约要求,对现有船舶柴油机NOX排放控制技术的效果进行对比,探讨选择性催化还原技术在多功能水下作业支持船上加以应用的方案,总结出选择性催化还原系统在设计与实船应用中值得关注的关键技术。     

发动机隔振器的声振特性研究

研究发动机、隔振器、结构组成的系统振动与声辐射特性。综合考虑振动激励力与声压力,根据变分原理建立发动机-隔振器-平板结构-介质系统的动力学方程,由谐波平衡法推导耦合方程的解,研究隔振器的刚度、阻尼对系统振动与声辐射特性的影响规律。研究表明：隔振器的刚度对系统声振特性有重要影响;为了控制系统的振动与声辐射,应降低隔振系统的固有频率。研究结果可为发动机隔振器的声振优化设计提供理论依据。     

流场中变截面加筋柱壳结构声振特性分析

基于传递矩阵法给出了流场中变截面加筋柱壳结构在受集中力和声压作用下振动与声辐射的求解过程,并在确定模态截断算法有效性的基础上开展对结构振动特性的研究,分析了环板-圆柱壳加筋柱壳结构的损耗因子、流体介质、壳体厚度、环肋数目对其声振特性的影响.结果表明,流体介质的存在使结构振动减小,辐射声压增加;损耗因子增加,振动和辐射声压在中高频段降低;壳体厚度增大,壳体的振动响应减小,低频段辐射声压降低,高频段辐射声压交叉波动;环肋数目增加,结构振动减小,在中高频段,辐射声压降低.     

船舶集成式推力轴承减振器研究与应用

针对轴系纵向振动引起的船舶尾部振动噪声问题,提出通过集成式推力轴承减振器控制轴系纵向振动的方法,研究减振元件的刚度特性和应用减振器后轴系试验台架的振动特性。结果表明,设计的减振碟簧组刚度稳定,轴系应用该集成式推力轴承减振器后,一阶纵振固有频率偏移明显,轴系振动响应大幅衰减,提出的集成式推力轴承减振器可有效隔离螺旋桨激励振动向船体结构的传递。     

Quasi steady-state aerodynamic model development for race vehicle simulations

Presented in this paper is a procedure to develop a high fidelity quasi steady-state aerodynamic model for use in race car vehicle dynamic simulations. Developed to fit quasi steady-state wind tunnel data, the aerodynamic model is regressed against three independent variables: front ground clearance, rear ride height, and yaw angle. An initial dual range model is presented and then further refined to reduce the model complexity while maintaining a high level of predictive accuracy. The model complexity reduction decreases the required amount of wind tunnel data thereby reducing wind tunnel testing time and cost. The quasi steady-state aerodynamic model for the pitch moment degree of freedom is systematically developed in this paper. This same procedure can be extended to the other five aerodynamic degrees of freedom to develop a complete six degree of freedom quasi steady-state aerodynamic model for any vehicle.     

柴油机尿素 SCR 反应特性的试验研究

利用可独立控制尿素喷射量的SCR系统,通过柴油机台架试验,研究了钒基催化剂温度和空速对SCR催化还原反应NOx 转化效率和反应速率的影响,以及尿素喷嘴安装位置对转化效率的影响。结果表明：NOx 转化率随着氨氮比（NH3与NOx 物质的量之比）的升高而逐渐升高,由于尿素水解和热解不完全等因素,氨氮比上升到2时NOx 转化率才可达到最大;NOx 转化率随着催化剂温度升高而升高,到400℃时基本趋于稳定,NOx 转化率随空速升高略有下降;SCR反应速率随温度的升高而升高,随空速的变化不明显;相同氨氮比时,尿素喷嘴与催化剂的距离增加,有利于NOx 转化率的升高。     

On the implementation of an auxiliary pantograph for speed increase on existing lines

The contact between pantograph and catenary at high speeds suffers from high dynamic contact force variation due to stiffness variations and wave propagation. To increase operational speed on an existing catenary system, especially for soft catenary systems, technical upgrading is usually necessary. Therefore, it is desirable to explore a more practical and cost-saving method to increase the operational speed. Based on a 3D pantograph–catenary finite element model, a parametric study on two-pantograph operation with short spacing distances at high speeds shows that, although the performance of the leading pantograph gets deteriorated, the trailing pantograph feels an improvement if pantographs are spaced at a proper distance. Then, two main positive effects, which can cause the improvement, are addressed. Based on a discussion on wear mechanisms, this paper suggests to use the leading pantograph as an auxiliary pantograph, which does not conduct any electric current, to minimise additional wear caused by the leading pantograph. To help implementation and achieve further improvement under this working condition, this paper investigates cases with optimised uplift force on the leading pantograph and with system parameter deviations. The results show that the two positive effects still remain even with some system parameter deviations. About 30% of speed increase should be possibly achieved still sustaining a good dynamic performance with help of the optimised uplift force.     

设计时速 160 km 以下铁路隧道（普货、有砟轨道）内轮廓标准研究

当前运营的时速160 km以下有砟轨道（普货）隧道内轮廓尽寸难以满足大型养护机械（特别是大型清筛机）作业空间需求,通过对新建时速160 km以下电气化铁路、单双线隧道内轮廓主要影响因素（建筑限界、接触网悬挂方式及布置、大型养护机械空间需求、轨道结构型式、侧沟及电缆槽设置等）进行综合分析,确定单双线有砟轨道隧道内轮廓控制性尺寸,并初步拟定满足大型养护机械作业要求的内轮廓方案,在此基础上通过对内轮廓方案的结构安全性、经济性及施工便利性进行综合比较,确定推荐方案,该成果对铁路行业隧道通用图编制有一定的参考价值。     

优化爆破参数进行地铁车站隧道控制爆破

为减小爆破振动速度和提高炮眼利用率,以青岛地铁2号线车站主体Ⅰ部上台阶的爆破开挖为背景,从理论上分析了由于掏槽区域爆破效果差引起爆破振动过大,由于掏槽眼不对称、掏槽区域布置不当、掏槽眼间排距过大、辅助眼排距过大、未封堵炮孔等原因造成炮眼利用率较低。结合理论计算和工程前期施工经验对楔形掏槽参数进行了优化,同时在校核单段最大起爆药量时考虑了多自由面的影响。结果表明： 优化后的复式楔形掏槽使炮眼利用率提高到90.5%,爆破振动速度控制在0.7 cm/s以内。