Train Energy-saving Scheme with Evaluation in Urban Mass Transit Systems

In the urban rail transport, factors influencing the consumption of operation energy of trains include the performance of train traction and breaking, weight of the train, the condition of line, the mode of signal blocking, and the mode of train control. The operation energy for trains can be saved by making alteration to the relevant conditions. This paper focuses on the influence of the line conditions on the energy conservation of the urban rail transit using case design and the system simulation. This paper studies energy conservation using the data obtained from the curve (especially small-radius curve), the ramp (divided into upper and lower ramp), and weight of the train. The paper also analyzes the condition for saving energy, which is obtained from the energy-saving slope, and designs energy-saving programs suitable for different section conditions.     

直线电机轨道交通地面电阻制动的研究

对采用地面电阻制动的城市轨道直流牵引供电系统模型进行介绍,利用Matlab软件对该系统建立了供电网络结构图,利用节点电压法构造矩阵方程,并对此引入的非线性方程组用牛顿迭代法求解.基于地面电阻制动仿真系统(GRBSS),得出电压、电流等结果,对地面制动电阻的容量计算方法和位置设置原则进行探讨.     

直线电机轮轨交通系统牵引坡度及启/制动距离计算研究

直线电机轮轨交通是一种采用直线感应电机LIM牵引的新型城市轨道交通形式.在分析直线电机轮轨系统列车牵引和制动特性的基础上,从列车受力分析的角度,建立直线电机线路参数分析的模型;利用该模型,计算得到直线电机轮轨线路的安全牵引坡度及启/制动距离.     

牵引定数不统一的港口后方腹地车流组织优化

线路区段牵引定数不统一是影响列车编组计划制定的重要因素,导致了列车在部分区段欠轴运行,在换重站或技术站进行补减轴作业.本文重点论述了减重方向列车编组方案的优化问题,提出了按充分条件将各种方案归类的方法,从而减少方案成本的对比次数,能快速获得最优的运送方案.在方案成本构成的分析过程中,充分考虑了各影响因素,将牵引机车费用看作与里程相关的可变成本,将欠轴列车浪费的机车和线路能力转化为惩罚费用,并考虑列车开行频率对方案费用的影响,最后从全网络的角度建立减重方向减轴列车编组优化模型.该模型既可获得合理的减重站,又能依据车流量关系选择优化的减轴编组方式,实例验证了模型的有效性.     

基于节点平衡的牵引变电所故障判定

在牵引变电所发生故障时，只有在准确判断故障性质和位置的基础上才能正确处理故障。本文基于节点平衡思想，提出了一种通过计算机实现牵引变电所故障逻辑判断、准确定位的方法。     

地铁牵引功率模块测试系统设计

地铁牵引系统主要由牵引逆变器提供动力,牵引功率模块是其中的核心主电路部分。介绍了一种地铁牵引系统功率模块测试系统设计思路及参数计算,给出了测试系统的硬件和软件设计方法。通过静态脉冲测试和动态脉冲测试可以看出,设计的测试系统可较为精确地测量到地铁牵引逆变器功率模块每个桥的桥臂IGBT(绝缘栅双极晶体管),且其实测值与理论计算值接近。该测试系统较为适合现场测试和验证功率模块的整体性能。     

Real-time model predictive control of connected electric vehicles

ABSTRACT

Electric Vehicles (EVs) motors develop high torque at low speeds, resulting in a high rate of acceleration with the added advantage of being fitted with smaller gearboxes. However, a rapid rise of torque in EVs fitted with central drive powertrains can create undesired torsional oscillations, which are influenced by wheel slip and flexibility in the halfshaft. These torsional oscillations in the halfshaft lead to longitudinal oscillations in the vehicle, thus creating problems with regard to comfort and drivability. The significance of using wheel slip in addition to halfshaft torsion for design of anti-jerk controllers for EVs has already been highlighted in our previous research. In this research, we have designed a look-ahead model predictive controller (LA-MPC) that calculates the required motor torque demand to meet the dual objectives of increased traction and anti-jerk control. The designed LA-MPC will improve drivability and energy consumption in connected EVs. The real-time capability of the LA-MPC has been demonstrated through hardware-in-the-loop experiments. The performance of the LA-MPC has been compared to other controllers presented in the literature. A validated high-fidelity longitudinal-dynamics model of the Rav4EV, which is the test vehicle of our research has been used to evaluate the controller.     

A model-based traction control strategy non-reliant on wheel slip information

A traction control system (TCS) for two-wheel-drive vehicles can conveniently be realised by means of slip control. Such a TCS is modified in this paper in order to be applicable to four-wheel-drive vehicles and anti-lock braking systems, where slip information is not readily available. A reference vehicle model is used to estimate the vehicle velocity. The reference model is excited by a saw-tooth signal in order to adapt the slip for maximum tyre traction performance. The model-based TCS is made robust to vehicle modelling errors by extending it with (i) a superimposed loop of tyre static curve gradient control or (ii) a robust switching controller based on a bi-directional saw-tooth excitation signal. The proposed traction control strategies are verified by experiments and computer simulations.     

采用回退法、迭算法优化牵引计算周期制动工况

当列车运行在长大下坡道上,通常采用空气制动的周期制动调整速度。为了满足两次空气制动间充风时间和列车空走时间的要求,常常会造成列车的出坡速度与下一坡段的限制速度速差不合理。针对长大下坡道上空气制动工况优化问题,采用工况初选策略自动计算到换坡点,然后进行进出坡检验。若列车的出坡速度不合理则采用不同的策略回退到回退基点,舍掉回退基点后的结果,将其前的结果作为计算的当前解,以此产生一个更优的新解,不断重复该过程直到出坡速度合理时停止迭代。最后得到的工况组合是优化的。     

基于AI原理的牵引供电远动系统线路带电推导算法

结合ＡＩ原理，采用启发式深度优先算法实现了牵引供电远动系统线路带电推导，对该算法进行了理论分析，并给出了实现该算法的控制策略及软件框架。