面向调移车辆数优化的摘挂列车调车作业计划编制方法

调车作业计划是规定车辆如何调移及其作业程序的具体行动计划。提出了在调车钩数最优前提下以减少调移车辆数为目标的摘挂列车调车作业计划编制方法,构建了摘挂列车调车作业计划编制0-1线性优化模型,并设计了基于消逆规则的启发式分支定界算法对模型进行求解。算例表明,所提出的方法能够求解出调车钩数不劣于统筹对口法且调移车辆数更少的调车作业计划,在给出的算例中总调移车辆数减少了约20%。所提出的方法能够对调移车辆数进行优化,对调车作业计划编制质量的进一步提高、调车过程能耗降低等方面有积极意义。     

时速160 km城市快轨有挡肩扣件研究

为满足城市快轨交通高平顺性、高稳定性、少养护量的要求,在吸收高铁及城际铁路轨道先进技术的基础上,开展城市快轨有挡肩扣件的设计研究:(1)采用有挡肩、螺栓的结构,优化了扣件的受力状态,进而提高轨道强度和稳定性,可有效解决以往地铁扣件存在的病害,大大降低养护维修工作量;(2)扣压件采用国铁Ⅱ型弹条和新型小阻力弹条,可实现不同的扣件纵向阻力,满足地下线、高架桥等不同工况的使用要求;(3)通过优化扣件结构和主要部件的尺寸,有效降低了扣件的造价。理论计算和试验结果表明,该有挡肩扣件性能满足时速160 km城市快轨的运营要求,达到了预期效果。     

能耗吸收装置在城市轨道交通系统中的应用

介绍了城市轨道交通系统能耗吸收装置的原理和组成,分析了能耗吸收装置的能量吸收过程和系统控制方式,总结了能耗吸收装置运用过程中的故障种类、故障现象及相应的故障解决方法。     

Integrated design optimization of spar floating wind turbines

A linearized aero-hydro-servo-elastic floating wind turbine model is presented and used to perform integrated design optimization of the platform, tower, mooring system, and blade-pitch controller for a 10 MW spar floating wind turbine. Optimal design solutions are found using gradient-based optimization with analytic derivatives, considering both fatigue and extreme response constraints, where the objective function is a weighted combination of system cost and power quality. Optimization results show that local minima exist both in the soft-stiff and stiff-stiff range for the first tower bending mode and that a stiff-stiff tower design is needed to reach a solution that satisfies the fatigue constraints. The optimized platform has a relatively small diameter in the wave zone to limit the wave loads on the structure and an hourglass shape far below the waterline. The shape increases the restoring moment and natural frequency in pitch, which leads to improved behaviour in the low-frequency range. The importance of integrated optimization is shown in the solutions for the tower and blade-pitch control system, which are clearly affected by the simultaneous design of the platform. State-of-the-art nonlinear time-domain analyses show that the linearized model is conservative in general, but reasonably accurate in capturing trends, suggesting that the presented methodology is suitable for preliminary integrated design calculations.     

需求响应的集装箱班列时刻表优化及 Benders分解算法

充分考虑集装箱货物与集装箱班列在时间和数量方面的匹配关系，以集装箱货物送达目的站的总延误最小为目标，构建集装箱班列时刻表优化的线性混合整数规划模型.采 用Benders分解算法将原问题分解为确定集装箱货物与班列匹配方案的主问题，以及优化班列时刻表的子问题，通过求解子问题的对偶模型不断产生主问题的割平面.为克服割平面有效性较低的缺点，设计改进策略，使每次迭代产生多个割平面同时添加至主问题中.最后，通过算例验证模型和算法的有效性.结果表明：改进策略的运用有效提高了算法的计算效率，利用模型及算法得到的班列时刻表与集装箱货物的数量、时间分布之间具有较好的匹配性，制定的班列时刻表很好地响应了用户需求.     

解读铁总企标《CTCS-3级列控系统总体技术规范》

介绍铁总企标《CTCS-3级列控系统总体技术规范》(Q/CR661-2018)的编制背景、主要技术内容,并重点解读有关新标准与原规范具有较大差异的主要技术变更项,最后提出未来改进方向。     

Simplified buckling-and-contact-based expansion method for assessment of crashworthiness of double-hulled ship structure

Ship-to-ship collision events can have severe consequences such as loss of life and environmental degradation. For this reason, modern ship designs are required to incorporate a double-hulled structure to prevent inner-hull damage from such events. Using the experimental or numerical method to analyze the crashworthiness of double-hulled ship structures entails much effort, for which reason neither method is easy to adopt at the early design stage. In this paper, an existing simplified method called Ito's method is improved by a new buckling-and-contact-based expansion method. This method can be applied to double-hulled-structure or outer-hull-local-rupture failure mode. The perpendicular bow-to-side collision scenario is assumed for a conservative estimation of damage to a double-hulled structure. The method was verified in the present study by numerical ship collision simulations of several cases. The results for the buckling-and-contact-based expansion method and numerical simulation were similar for a blunt shape of striking body but different for a sharp shape.     

基于WATV去噪的冲击特征提取方法在高速列车轴承故障诊断中的应用

提取高速列车轴承故障振动信号中的冲击特征,可以有效地对其进行故障诊断。利用"小波-全变差(Wavelet-Total Variation,WATV)"算法能够对信号进行稀疏引导的特点,提出了基于WATV去噪的冲击特征提取方法。该算法针对含噪声冲击特征的提取问题构建了目标优化函数,该函数融合了冲击特征的保真度度量算子以及惩罚因子。利用凸优化理论可对目标函数进行求解,从而增强信号在小波域和时域的稀疏性,使得特征提取结果最优化。通过构造一仿真信号对WATV算法的有效性进行了验证,并将该方法应用于高速列车齿轮箱轴承故障诊断中。结果表明,该方法能够很好地提取出信号中的冲击特征,并且频谱中的故障表征明显,能够有效地应用于高速列车轴承故障诊断中。     

国家级精品课程的建设与实践

结合"船舶内燃机使用及维修"国家级精品课程建设的实践,分析了高职精品课程的定位和特点,介绍了高职精品课程建设中教学内容、实践教学环节、教材、教学方法和手段、师资队伍等方面的实施。     

Performance Comparison and Analysis of Heating and Ventilation of Two Kinds of Roof Solar Collectors

Two roof solar collectors (RSCs), conventional single pass RSC and new double pass RSC, were compared. The new roof solar collector, which is formed by integrating a double pass solar air collector with the roof of the building, can be operated more efficiently for space heating in winter, and for natural ventilation in other seasons. To evaluate the performances of the two RSCs for both space heating and natural ventilation, a single traditional Chinese style house, on which the two RSCs will be mounted, was developed. The efficiency of solar energy conversion for the new RSC is higher than that of the single pass one by 10% on average, and the ventilation rate contributed by natural ventilation for the new RSC can be improved to a great extent for most cases, indicating that the new RSC is superior to the single pass one from the viewpoint of both space heating and natural ventilation. The new RSC is more potential for improving indoor thermal environment and energy saving of buildings.