全自动运行信号系统与洗车机接口分析研究

全自动运行系统自动洗车功能的实现,依托于信号系统与洗车机之间的接口配合。在全面分析洗车机类型的基础上,针对移动式洗车方式进行详细接口设计与分析,描述自动端洗和自动非端洗模式下的清洗场景,同时考虑手动洗车模式和降级洗车模式,从而提出一套完整可行的接口技术方案。     

地铁列车客室门远程诊断系统的应用

客室门是地铁列车上使用非常频繁的设备,也是故障率较高的部件。客室门远程诊断系统的开发和应用,可以实现实时监测门系统电机、门控器以及锁闭结构的工作情况和工作参数;并通过智能故障分析手段,预测车门系统故障;在车门系统未进入故障时提前检修和排除亚健康问题,降低门系统的故障率,提升门系统的可靠性。     

Distributed model predictive control for vessel train formations of cooperative multi-vessel systems

Recently, the cooperative control of multiple vessels has been gaining increasing attention because of the potential robustness, reliability and efficiency of multi-agent systems. In this paper, we propose the concept of Cooperative Multi-Vessel Systems (CMVSs) consisting of multiple coordinated autonomous vessels. We in particular focus on the so-called Vessel Train Formation (VTF) problem. The VTF problem considers not only cooperative collision avoidance, but also grouping of vessels. An MPC-based approach is proposed for addressing the VTF problem. A centralized and a distributed formulation based on the Alternating Direction of Multipliers Method (ADMM) are investigated. The distributed formulation adopts a single-layer serial iterative architecture, which gains the benefits of reduced communication requirements and robustness against failures. The impacts of information updating sequences and responsibility parameters are discussed. We furthermore analyze the scalability of the proposed method. Simulation experiments of a CMVS navigating from different terminals in the Port of Rotterdam to inland waterways are carried out to illustrate the effectiveness of our method. The proposed method successfully steers the vessels from different origins to form a vessel train. Due to the effective communication, vessels can timely respond to the velocity changes that others make. After the formation is formed, the distances between vessels become constant. The results show the potential to use CMVSs for inland shipping with enhanced safety.     

On particulate emissions from moving trains in a tunnel environment

Increasing attention is being paid to airborne particles in railway environments because of their potential to adversely affect health. In this study, we investigate the contribution of moving trains to both the concentration and size distribution of particles in tunnel environments. Real-time measurements were taken with high time-resolution instruments at a railway station platform in a tunnel in Stockholm in January 2013. The results show that individual trains stopping and starting at the platform substantially elevate the particulate concentrations with a mobility diameter greater than 100 nm. Two size modes of the particulate number concentrations were obtained. A mode of around 170 nm occurs when a train moves, while the other mode peaks at about 30 nm when there is no train in the station. By using principal component analysis (PCA), three contributing sources were identified on the basis of the classification of the sizes of the particles, namely railway-related mechanical wear, suspension due to the movement of trains and sparking of electric-powered components. It is concluded that the particulate matter released by individual moving trains is a key contributor to fine particles (100–500 nm) on the railway platform in a tunnel.     

高速列车曲线通过迭代学习半主动控制研究

高速列车通过曲线时,车辆动力学性能恶化。为改善高速列车通过不同曲线的动力学性能,研究了抗蛇形减振器半主动控制对高速列车曲线通过时动力学性能的影响。根据列车运行具有重复性等特点,结合大数据,设计了PD型迭代学习控制算法,并进行控制算法和多体动力学软件的半主动控制仿真,将结果与无控制的仿真结果进行对比。结果显示:经过10次迭代控制后,列车过曲线时的平稳性指标、脱轨系数、轮重减载率、轮轨横向力指标都有所改善。     

基于自抗扰控制的高速列车自动驾驶速度控制

针对高速列车在复杂环境运行时,传统PID控制器受未建模动态及外界未知干扰导致列车速度追踪误差大的问题,提出一种基于自抗扰控制ADRC(Active Disturbance Rejection Control)的高速列车速度控制算法。基于单质点模型建立列车的状态空间方程,令列车方程中的未知部分作为扩张状态设计二阶自抗扰控制器,并利用CRH380A型列车参数进行仿真,对指定的目标速度曲线进行追踪,证明基于自抗扰控制算法的可行性;同时设置干扰量,与传统PD控制、非线性PID控制算法在抗干扰性能和追踪误差等方面作比较。结果表明,基于自抗扰控制的高速列车速度控制器具有抗干扰性强、追踪误差小的优点。     

高速列车运行调整与运行控制一体化双目标优化模型与算法

列车实时运行调整与运行控制是实现高速列车准点节能运行的两个重要方面.本文构建高速列车运行调整与运行控制一体化优化模型，以降低列车总延误时间与运行能耗为目标，同时优化列车速度距离与时间距离曲线.与以往研究将列车运行调整与运行控制独立优化不同，本文基于列车牵引计算，通过锁闭时间理论将列车运行调整与控制的解空间进行耦合，根据列车运行速度、制动性能、信号系统的清空与开放时间、轨道区段/闭塞分区的长度等因素，精细化计算列车占用不同轨道区段/闭塞分区的时间，动态确定列车区间运行时分与追踪间隔.为求解复杂的非线性模型，设计分段近似法将非线性约束进行重构，从而将非线性优化模型转变为混合整数规划模型.通过算例计算，给出双目标问题的帕累托解集，与单目标优化方法对比，本文方法可以减少总能耗2.46%，降低运行总延误7.33%.     

下一代地铁列车创新设计

与传统地铁相比,下一代地铁列车采用了大量新材料、新技术、新系统,具有更轻、更节能、更舒适、更智能、适应性更强的技术优势。文章从列车编组、牵引及供电装置、制动系统、转向架、车体、快速网络、空调系统、气动设计、噪声管理及减阻节能等方面论述了针对下一代地铁列车的创新设计。     

“中华之星”号高速列车司机室过渡曲面局部空气压力分布研究

“中华之星”号列车端部流线型长度达到5.5m,且采用双拱外形。司机室向车体顶部过渡曲面曲率较大,容易产生流动分离现象,为检验端部流线型外形设计的合理性,采用数值模拟计算和实车试验相结合的方法对其局部表面空气压力分布进行研究。研究结果表明:动力车司机室向车体顶部过渡曲面局部表面未发生流动分离。     

客运专线旅客列车开行方案的多目标双层规划模型

客运专线建设目的是为更好地满足旅客的出行需求，因而其列车开行方案也必须体现以旅客为本，服务旅客、方便旅客的原则。首先提出旅客出行方便度概念，并研究不同时段旅客出行的方便度，绘制方便度曲线，然后分析不同类型列车的客流平衡条件，建立不同类型列车的广义费用函数，在此基础上，建立制定客运专线列车开行方案的多目标双层规划模型。该模型以列车开行的最大收益和旅客的最大方便度为目标，同时考虑基于旅客最小出行费用的不同列车配流问题，并利用matlab编程，实现了求解该模型的混沌算法。最后以制定2008年石太客运专线的列车开行方案为例来验证该模型和算法，得到满意结果。