太阳辐射与青藏线列车运行时刻关联性研究

考虑青藏线（格-拉段）高海拔、强太阳辐射的气候特征,计算了沿线不同地区月平均太阳辐射强度,并与文献结果进行了比对.获得了列车行经不同站点时单位时间车身表面吸收的太阳辐射量及一个运行周期内吸收的太阳辐射总量,分析了各次列车对太阳辐射吸收量存在差异的原因.另外,从节能与出行便利性的角度对目前各次列车运行时刻的合理性进行了探讨.     

轨道交通延误条件下列车跳站与客流控制协同优化模型

针对城市轨道交通突发列车延误问题,统筹考虑行车秩序的恢复和乘客出行体验,提出列车调整与客流控制协同优化方法。首先分析延误条件下城轨列车调整和客流控制的措施及效果,构建以跳站停车和多车站客流控制为手段的双层线性规划模型。上层模型以列车总延误最小为目标,以列车载客能力为约束;下层模型以上车客流量最大为目标,以列车载客能力和控流率均衡为约束。采用灵敏度分析算法求解模型,并以北京地铁亦庄线故障延误事件为例,验证模型和算法的有效性。结果表明：采用跳站停车与进站客流协同控制可使延误列车行程时间缩短5.2%,使各车站进站率方差降低97.8%,在保障乘客公平性的条件下提高列车运行和乘客集散效率。     

刚柔耦合配气机构动力学仿真研究

为研究船用柴油机配气机构运动过程中弹性变形对运动和受力的影响,6L21/31柴油机的配气机构作为研究对象。应用Pro/E软件平台和ADAMS软件平台,建立其多刚体动力学模型。将气门杆和挺杆这两个弹性变形大的零件进行柔性化处理后,建立其刚柔耦合动力学模型。并将多刚体动力学模型和刚柔耦合动力学模型仿真的结果与经典动力学计算结果进行比较分析。结果表明考虑零部件的弹性变形,能够更准确的反应配气机构的运动情况,可以进一步为柴油机配气机构的优化设计和改进提供可靠依据。     

正交多项式拟合在铁路车站车流分析中的应用

在铁路的日常运输生产中,车流量的统计工作非常规范,资料翔实,但是影响车流的因素也非常复杂。介绍车站的统计分析工作,并利用正交多项式建模,对车流进行拟合分析,最后举例分析,取得满意的效果。     

我国高速铁路列车运行图现状分析

高速铁路列车运行图的质量直接影响高速铁路运营效益,在高速铁路建成分布成网的新形势下,我国高速铁路列车运行图所存在的问题逐渐显现。结合高速铁路列车运行图的编制管理模式、类型及特点,论述我国高速铁路列车运行图所面临的一系列问题,提出构建标准化的编制管理体系,开发基于网络的一体化编图系统。     

A proposal for cost-related and market-oriented train running charges

This paper examines some key aspects of a charging system for promoting railway transport, including charges reflecting a clear relationship with costs (transparency) and charges reflecting the quality of the infrastructure manager's service. Train running charges recover track-related costs and can help to develop a charging system that meets these requirements. To orient train running charges to the market, a method for processing track maintenance and renewal costs is proposed whereby the quality of the service provided by an infrastructure is measured according to its utility to the railway undertaking. To achieve transparency, a single indicator is used for cost planning and the subsequent levying of costs on railway undertakings. The paper includes an example of how proposed train running charges would be calculated according to data from 14 European countries. The example shows that short-distance trains generate the lowest maintenance and renewal costs, followed by long-distance trains and freight trains.     

基于CAE技术的某中型卡车司机座椅振动舒适性分析及优化

座椅刚度和阻尼参数的选取,直接影响座椅的乘坐舒适性。采用CAE技术,对某中型卡车司机座椅进行动力学响应分析,并对座椅的弹簧刚度和减振器阻尼参数进行动力学优化,优化后座垫上的加速度峰值大幅降低,取得了比较好的效果。通过平顺性试验验证,优化后的座椅结构在各种车速下,总计权值明显低于原结构。摸索出了一条运用CAE技术对机械式座椅的乘坐舒适性进行分析和优化的途径。     

Solving train formation problem using simulated annealing algorithm in a simplex framework

The train formation plan (TFP) determines the train services and their frequencies and assigns the demands. The TFP models are often formulated as a capacitated service network design problem, and the optimal solution is normally difficult to find. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm of the Simplex method and simulated annealing is proposed for the TFP problem. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to use a simulated annealing algorithm to explore the solution space, where the revised Simplex method evaluates, selects, and implements the moves. In the proposed algorithm, the neighborhood structure is based on the pivoting rules of the Simplex method that provides an efficient method to reach the neighbors of the current solution. A state‐of‐the‐art method is applied for parameters tuning by using the design of experiments approach. To evaluate the proposed model and the solution method, 25 test problems have been simulated and solved. The results show the efficiency and the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed approach is implemented to develop the TFP in the Iranian railway as a case study. It is possible to save significant time and cost through solving the TFP problem by using the proposed algorithm and developing the efficient TFP plan in the railway networks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于乘客等待时间的城市轨道交通列车运行调整模型

研究突发事件导致列车晚点情况下城市轨道交通列车运行调整问题．从乘客角度出发,提出了“首站控制”和“多站协调控制”两类列车运行调整策略．考虑列车能力约束和列车区间运行时间、追踪间隔时间等运行条件约束,以受突发事件影响的全部乘客等待时间最小为优化目标,建立了基于两类调整策略的列车运行调整模型,采用Lingo软件进行求解．以某简化线路为算例,与不采取控制策略相比,两类策略下乘客等待时间均节省约9％,结果表明了模型的有效性,能够为轨道交通列车运行调整提供辅助支持．     

基于层次分析法的CBTC系统安全风险研究

介绍基于无线通信的列车控制（CBTC）系统结构及其功能,针对现有系统存在的问题和潜在危险分析导致风险的各种原因或因素.介绍安全风险评估方法的基本原理和评价指标,利用层次分析法原理构建影响安全风险的AHP模型,分析各因素对于系统安全风险的影响权重.分析结果基本反映了当前基于无线通信的CBTC安全风险实际情况,指出强化培训、加强管理、提高技术水平等是减少安全风险的重要措施.