CRCP路面裂缝间传荷能力影响评价

文章基于山东烟威高速公路连续配筋混凝土路面的基本结构参数,利用FWD实测CRCP路面不同破坏等级的裂缝间传荷系数,建立了三维有限元分析模型,分析了裂缝间不同传荷能力对CRCP路面临界应力的影响规律,并得到了CRCP路面最大应力与裂缝间传荷能力的关系式。     

隧道与互通出口小净距路段换道可靠性研究

为分析高速公路隧道与互通出口小净距路段在不同交通流状况下的车辆驶出概率,提出了基于交通仿真的安全换道概率模型。首先,采用VISSIM标定仿真模型并进行正交试验,获取小净距路段在不同净距长度、交通量、驶出比例、大型车比例下的交通数据,在此基础上确定瞬时交通流密度及相应车流平均速度的计算方法,构建相应的分布模型,通过K均值聚类算法研究不同速度下的瞬时交通流密度大小和出现概率;同时引入可靠度方法并利用微分法来构建车辆安全换道概率模型,综合考虑车速、车流密度、目标车道临界可插入间隙等因素的不确定性,应用蒙特卡罗仿真法搭建求解概率模型的算法,并通过MATLAB对模型进行求解;针对分流车初始位置的不同,分别得到了不同交通量、大型车比例、净距长度下的换道驶出成功率,进而研究不同交通流状况组合下的净距长度。结果表明：交通量、大型车比例、净距长度对净距路段内侧车道车辆换道驶出成功率有显著性影响,研究结果可为规范的进一步完善提供参考。     

Multi-objective re-synchronizing of bus timetable: Model,complexity and solution

This work is originally motived by the re-planning of a bus network timetable. The existing timetable with even headways for the network is generated using line by line timetabling approach without considering the interactions between lines. Decision-makers (i.e., schedulers) intend to synchronize vehicle timetable of lines at transfer nodes to facilitate passenger transfers while being concerned with the impacts of re-designed timetable on the regularity of existing timetable and the accustomed trip plans of passengers. Regarding this situation, we investigate a multi-objective re-synchronizing of bus timetable (MSBT) problem, which is characterized by headway-sensitive passenger demand, uneven headways, service regularity, flexible synchronization and involvement of existing bus timetable. A multi-objective optimization model for the MSBT is proposed to make a trade-off between the total number of passengers benefited by smooth transfers and the maximal deviation from the departure times of the existing timetable. By clarifying the mathematical properties and solution space of the model, we prove that the MSBT problem is NP-hard, and its Pareto-optimal front is non-convex. Therefore, we design a non-dominated sorting genetic (NSGA-II) based algorithm to solve this problem. Numerical experiments show that the designed algorithm, compared with enumeration method, can generate high-quality Pareto solutions within reasonable times. We also find that the timetable allowing larger flexibility of headways can obtain more and better Pareto-optimal solutions, which can provide decision-makers more choice.     

Gantry crane operations to transfer containers between trains: A simulation study of a Spanish terminal

Freight transfer operations are critical in combined transport networks. In this paper a simulation model and modelling approach to the transfer of cargo between trains at rail terminals is presented. The model is used to study the Port-Bou terminal, the main intermodal terminal at the Spanish-French frontier. Four different gantry crane operation modes to interchange containers between trains are evaluated. These operation rules are tested in several scenarios to examine the critical factors of the system and the best operation rule for each situation. Latest generation software is used to develop the model that incorporates modular programming and enhanced graphic systems for output representation. It allows a dynamic display of the simulated system and, likewise, the possibility of developing modules that can be reused in other studies. The research shows how simulation can be a useful planning tool in the rail transportation context.     

A theoretical foundation for the relationship between generalized origin–destination matrix and flow matrix based on ordinal graph trajectories

This paper shows the relationship between flow, generalized origin–destination (OD), and alternative route flow from a set of ordinal graph trajectories. In contrast to traffic assignment methods that employ OD matrix to produce flow matrix, we use ordinal trajectory on a network graph as input and produce both the generalized OD matrix and the flow matrix, with the alternative and substitute route flow matrices as additional outputs. By using linear algebra‐like operations on matrix sets, the relationship between network utilization (in terms of flow, generalized OD, alternative route flow, and desire line) and network structure (in terms of distance matrix and adjacency matrix) are derived. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

双螺旋折流板换热器最佳螺旋角的研究

为了研究换热器的传热性能与双螺旋折流板换热器的螺旋角的关系，通过建立多个不同螺旋角的管壳式换热器模型，运用数值计算的技术手段对其进行模拟，并对其数值模拟结果进行对比分析。结果表明：双螺旋折流板换热器存在最佳螺旋角使得换热器的换热性能最优。相同换热器结构的条件下，壳程进口流量对双螺旋折流板换热器的最佳螺旋角没有影响。随着壳径的增大，双螺旋折流板式换热器的最佳螺旋角有下降趋势。     

蜂巢式液冷电池模块传热特性的试验研究

为4 A·h的21700型锂离子电池研发了蜂巢式液冷电池模块,并通过搭建的试验平台测定其充/放电过程的传热特性。结果表明:在25℃环境温度下,0.5C恒流恒压充电和1C恒流放电过程中,电池模块的最大温差均被控制在2℃以内;40℃环境温度下,1C恒流放电过程中,当冷却液流量大于1 L/min时电池模块的最大温差能保持在所要求的5℃以内。说明蜂巢式液冷电池模块冷却性能优良,可为未来电池热管理方案的设计提供技术支撑。     

基于法国规范的道路平面停车视距计算及研究

平面停车视距作为一项重要的平面设计指标,在法国标准下体现得更加复杂,设计精准度要求高,设计时容易忽略。为探究法国标准下道路平面停车视距的一般规律,消除设计时的易错点,文中以喀麦隆雅温得至杜阿拉高速公路项目为依托,采用法国规范中平面视距的计算方法,计算典型段落的停车视距真实值,并与法国规范的要求值进行对比分析,提出设计参考及建议。结果表明,平曲线半径R及行驶车辆观察点与曲线内侧遮挡物的距离e1、被观察点与曲线内侧遮挡物的距离e2,是影响平面视距的主要因素,设计时应严格控制。