MAS在机场路面路径优化中的应用研究

利用多Agent技术,研究进出港航班滑行路径的优化问题,为刚降落和即将出港的航班规划最短滑行路径,判断航班在规划的滑行路径上是否会发生对头相遇.由于多Agent技术更能体现人类的社会智能,更适合开放的、动态的社会环境,因此引进这一技术对进出航班滑行路径进行优化.文中将每架飞机被看作是一个Agent;将跑道,滑行道,停机位等看作是资源Agent;在多Agent环境下,优化出最佳的滑行路径.     

艰险山区铁路西安至成都客运专线陕西境内段综合选线设计

针对铁路选线设计是项目前期研究的难点和重点,直接关系到项目建设的经济性及可靠性,考虑国内新建铁路的设计需要,结合西成客运专线沿线特点,有针对性地从满足复杂地形、地质、环保及安全等需要,综合分析选线设计中的重、难点,提出选线设计的原则、方法以及体会,对类似铁路选线设计提供参考。     

城市道路平面交叉口优化设计方法与案例

近年来,由于城市路网本身的规划布局不合理或者一些限制因素造成的设计不完善,成为了城市道路交通拥堵的重要原因.同时,国内许多道路管理和设计部门更侧重于道路整体的把控而忽略了一些交叉节点的详细设计,这就造成了许多城市的新建道路存在交叉节点功能不完善、虽能通行却通行不畅或者通行期间存在着安全隐患,针对这类因前期设计缺陷而经成的畸形交叉口问题,提出了二次优化改造的建议和方法.     

风沙地区铁路选线勘测中应关注的几个问题

风沙地区铁路工程的选线和勘测是铁路修建前期工作中很重要的阶段。结合乌锡线的勘测及施工经历，通过实例总结了风沙地区铁路前期选线中，地质勘察的一般方法和应引起重视的几个问题，使勘测工作能为铁路工程的设计提供可靠资料。     

Activity patterns,time use,and travel of millennials: a generation in transition?

Millennials, defined in this study as those born between 1979 and 2000, became the largest population segment in the United States in 2015. Compared to recent previous generations, they have been found to travel less, own fewer cars, have lower driver’s licensure rates, and use alternative modes more. But to what extent will these differences in behaviour persist as millennials move through various phases of the lifecycle? To address this question, this paper presents the results of a longitudinal analysis of the 2003–2013 American Time Use Survey data series. In early adulthood, younger millennials (born 1988–1994) are found to spend significantly more time in-home than older millennials (born 1979–1985), which indicates that there are substantial differences in activity-time use patterns across generations in early adulthood. Older millennials are, however, showing activity-time use patterns similar to their prior generation counterparts as they age, although some differences – particularly in time spent as a car driver – persist. Millennials appear to exhibit a lag in adopting the activity patterns of predecessor generations due to delayed lifecycle milestones (e.g. completing their education, getting jobs, marrying, and having children) and lingering effects of the economic recession, suggesting that travel demand will resume growth in the future.     

Measuring community reaction to urban transportation impacts using Von Neumann‐Morgenstern utility theory

This paper attempts to measure the impacts of urban transportation system improvements or changes on the community. The community's perceptions of the impacts are represented by its utilities (or disutilities) over various ranges of values of the multiple attributes representing these impacts. The utility technique used in the evaluation is based upon von Neumann‐Morgenstern (vN‐M, 1947) Utility Theory, and is applied using Raiffa's (1970) Fractile Method.

The paper specifically applies the technique to model the perceptions of five subgroups within a community to the impact of a new light rail transit system that is being incorporated in the transportation system of the City of Calgary.

Results of the modeling indicate explicitly how the community changes its perception over ranges of values of the attributes evaluated. Biases of various subgroups within the community over these attributes are also shown. Statistical tests indicate that aggregated utility perceptions can represent the utility perceptions of the individual subgroups quite reasonably.     

斗轮式取料机行走位置精确定位

斗轮式取料机行走位置校正装置在定位中起到很重要的作用.分析了原有行走机构定位原理与状况.介绍了新定位装置的设计思路和实施方案,改革后提高了全场设备相互协同的效率和相互保护的可靠性.     

冲击碾压技术在高速公路改建工程中的应用

冲击碾压技术已在我国新建和改扩建公路工程等项目上予以应用。它不仅能确保工程进度,而且能有效地防止路面出现反射裂缝,从而提高工程质量。该文结合高界高速公路改建工程,从冲击的速度、顺序、遍数,以及防水措施等方面介绍了冲击碾压技术的施工工艺。     

既有线信号施工封锁的技术准备

既有线信号改造施工,要在短短几个小时的封锁时间内进行施工、试验、开通,顺利实现新旧设备的倒换,技术要求精,安全风险高,施工难度大,对铁路运输安全及效率影响极大。施工封锁前有效的技术准备,能够提前发现设计错误、施工错误以及为封锁顺利进行提供支持,确保信号施工封锁安全、正点开通。     

A Trip Reconstruction Tool for GPS-based Personal Travel Surveys

ABSTRACT

This article reports on the development of a trip reconstruction software tool for use in GPS-based personal travel surveys. Specifically, the tool enables the automatic processing of GPS traces of individual survey respondents in order to identify the road links traveled and modes used by each respondent for individual trips. Identifying the links is based on a conventional GIS-based map-matching algorithm and identifying the modes is a rule-based algorithm using attributes of four modes (walk, bicycle, bus and passenger-car). The tool was evaluated using GPS travel data collected for the study and a multi-modal transportation network model of downtown Toronto. The results show that the tool correctly detected about 79% of all links traveled and 92% of all trip modes.