利用踏面擦伤检测装置管理货车车轮踏面

概述了日本铁路货运公司采用的车轮踏面擦伤检测装置,以及该检测装置的实际应用与效果。     

轮对动态检测系统应用

介绍了国内外最新的轮对动态检测系统的检测原理及其应用情况,重点阐述了低速和高速下国内轮对检测系统的原理及应用情况。     

Measurement of stress distributions in truck tyre contact patch in real rolling conditions

Stress distributions on three orthogonal directions have been measured across the contact patch of truck tyres using the complex measuring system that contains a transducer assembly with 30 sensing elements placed in the road surface. The measurements have been performed in straight line, in real rolling conditions. Software applications for calibration, data acquisition, and data processing were developed. The influence of changes in inflation pressure and rolling speed on the shapes and sizes of truck tyre contact patch has been shown. The shapes and magnitudes of normal, longitudinal, and lateral stress distributions, measured at low speed, have been presented and commented. The effect of wheel toe-in and camber on the stress distribution results was observed. The paper highlights the impact of the longitudinal tread ribs on the shear stress distributions. The ratios of stress distributions in the truck tyre contact patch have been computed and discussed.     

高速客车轮对动力学性能的比较

为了比较不同车轮踏面及轮对内侧距对高速客车动力学性能的影响,首先采用改进轮轨接触几何关系算法分析了不同情况下的静态轮轨几何接触关系,然后通过车辆/轨道耦合动力学模型,对高速客车蛇行临界速度、运行平稳性和曲线通过性能进行了动态仿真计算。数值计算中,主要考察了LM、LMA、S1002和XP55等4种车轮踏面和轮对内侧距由1350 mm到1360 mm变化的情况。结果表明,车轮踏面形状和轮对内侧距对高速客车动力学性能有重要的影响,且LMA型车轮踏面与1353 mm的轮对内侧距匹配具有较好的动力学性能。要确定合适的车轮踏面和轮对内侧距,须从轮轨接触关系的变化出发,综合评估车辆动力学性能。     

HXD2型大功率交流传动电力机车空气管路与制动系统

介绍了HXD2型大功率交流传动货运电力机车空气管路与制动系统的构成,并对其风源系统、制动控制系统和基础制动工作原理及主要部件进行了详细阐述。制动试验结果表明,机车各项制动性能参数完全满足设计任务书的要求,满足大秦线牵引2万t运输要求。     

重载铁路车轮踏面擦伤时的轮轨动态相互作用特征

运用仿真分析手段, 考虑车轮踏面新、旧擦伤激扰, 研究了重载铁路轮轨相互作用力、轨道结构位移及振动加速度的时、频特征。研究结果表明: 在车轮踏面新擦伤作用下, 轮轨间将产生高频轮轨垂向力和低频轮轨垂向力, 钢轨、轨枕及道床将产生低频振动位移; 而对于车轮踏面旧擦伤, 轮轨间仅产生高频轮轨垂向力, 轨道结构部件的振动位移较小, 高频位移幅值略大于低频位移幅值; 在新、旧擦伤作用下, 钢轨垂向振动加速度的频率很高, 前者的道床振动加速度明显高于后者的值, 二者的轨枕振动加速度较接近。